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May. 






MEDICAL FORMULARY 



BASED ON THE 



UNITED STATES AND BRITISH PHARMACOPEIAS 



TOGETHER WITH NUMEROUS 



FRENCH, GERMAN, AND UNOFFICINAL PREPARATIONS 



BY 



LAURENCE JOHNSON, A.M., M.D., 

LECTURER OX MEDICAL BOTANY, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF THE CITY OF NEW YOKE ; 
FELLOW OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, ETC. 



No.. 




NEW YORK 
WILLIAM WOOD & COMPANY 

27 Gbbat Jones Street 

1881 



Copyright 
WILLIAM WOOD & COMPANY 



Trow's 

Printing and Bookbinding Company 

201-213 East \2t/: Street 

New Yokk 



PREFACE 



The design of this work is to present, in a manner convenient for ready 
reference, the drugs and preparations in common use, together with for- 
mulae illustrating the manner in which they are combined by good prac- 
titioners of the present day. 

Although confining himself as closely as possible to the pharmacopoeias, 
the author has found it necessary to include some unofiicinal drugs and 
preparations, which have come into general use since the last editions of 
those works were issued. 

In selecting illustrative formulae, the author has drawn freely upon cur- 
rent medical literature, and has endeavored to give due credit for all ma- 
terial used. While it is impossible for him to enumerate, in this place, all 
the works which he has employed in this part of his task, he feels it in- 
cumbent upon him to make special mention of the Hospital Formulary 
and Posological Table, by Charles Bice, Ph.D. ; The Pharmacopoeias of 
the London Hospitals, by Peter Squire, F.L.S. ; and The Pharmacopoeia 
of the Hospital for Diseases of the Throat and Chest (London), by 
Morell Mackenzie, M.D. 

He takes great pleasure also in acknowledging his indebtedness to the 
following named gentlemen, all of whom kindly furnished him formulae 
which they have found useful : 

Fordyce Barker, M.D., LL.D., James E. Learning, M.D., Andrew H. 
Smith, M.D., A. A. Smith, M.D., F. A. Burrall, M.D., George H. Fox, 



IV PREFACE. 

M.D., R K. Sturgis, M.D., S. H. Dessau, M.D., James Knight, KD, V. P. 
Gibney, M.D., Daniel Lewis, M.D., W. M. Chamberlain, M.D., G. M. Lef- 
ferts, M.D., F. H. Bosworth, M.D., S. Sexton, M.D., and K. Tauszky, M.D. 

To Chaiies Eice, Ph. D., and to Prof. J. U. Lloyd, of Cincinnati, Ohio, 
the author is deeply indebted for many pharmaceutical processes, relat- 
ing especially to unomcinal drugs and preparations ; and to his friend 
H. G. Piffard, M.D., for much valuable assistance during the progress 
of the work. 

L. J. 

323 West Twenty- seventh Street, 
New Yobk, May, 1881. 



INTRODUCTION. 



Tms work, though based on the United States and British Pharmaco- 
poeias, does not include all the drugs and preparations contained in them, 
a number of the less important having been omitted. Since the last re- 
vision of the United States Pharmacopoeia in 1870, and of the British in 
1867, with additions made in 1874, a number of irnpprtant therapeutic 
agents have come into use, and most of these are treated of here. 

The preparations introduced from the French Codex and German 
Pharmacopoeia are from the last editions of those works, while the un- 
officinal formula? are derived mainly from recent sources, many of them 
having been furnished by their authors expressly for this work. 

TITLES. — The leading titles are in capitals, first, the Latin title of the 
drag, followed, if it be officinal, by abbreviations in parentheses (U. S., Br.), 
or (U. S. et al. Ph.) — United States, British — United States and other 
Pharmacopoeias — and after this the English name, and, in some instances, 
synonyms also. 

Preparations. — The preparations of the United States Pharmacopoeia 
have the Latin title in black-faced type, followed by abbreviations in paren- 
theses, and the oificinal English title. In this connection the abbreviations 
Br., Fr., Ger., are not to be considered as signifying that those pharmaco- 
poeias have preparations of exactly the same name and character as the one 
under consideration, but rather that their preparations are similar, or 
closely correspond with it. 

Preparations (Br., Fr., Ger.) and Unofftcinal. — These are distinguished 
by being printed in small capitals, the abbreviation standing first in the 
parenthesis indicating from which pharmacopoeia the preparation is 



VI INTRODUCTION. 

taken. Those taken from the British Pharmacopoeia have the ofncina 
English name, while in the case of the French and German, the name has 
been translated into English ; and the unofficinal formulas have been 
named in such a manner as has seemed to the author most convenient for 
ready reference. 

Weights. — The weights used in the preparations of the United 
States Pharmacopoeia are derived from the troy jDOund, while in those 
from the British, the terms ounce and pound are to be understood as 
referring to avoirdupois weights. Their relations are exhibited in the fol- 
lowing table : 

Troy. Avoirdupois. 

1 pound 5,760 grains. 7,000 grains. 

1 ounce 480 " 437.5 grains. 

1 drachm 60 " 

1 scruple 20 " 

Wherever, then, in this work the word ounce is applied to a solid sub- 
stance, it is to be understood as meaning a troy ounce, excepting in Brit- 
ish preparations, and in formulas derived from British sources, as those of 
the London Hospitals, etc. 

In a very few instances French and German preparations are intro- 
duced with metrical weights, though in nearly all of them, quantities have 
been expressed in parts by weight. 

The approximate relation of troy weights to metrical weights is ex- 
hibited in the following table : 

Grain. Gramme. Grains. Grammes. 

1 = 0.065 15 = 1 

i = 0.032 30 = 2 

J = 0.016 60 = 4 

i = 0.01 4 drachms = 16 

i = 0.008 1 ounce = 32 

Measures. — The terms drachm and ounce, applied to liquids, are to 
be understood as meaning fluid drachm and fluid ounce, unless otherwise 
stated, as in certain preparations where quantities of liquids are expressed 
in weights. The term pint is to be understood as meaning the wine pint 
of sixteen fluid ounces, unless otherwise stated, as in British preparations, 



INTRODUCTION. Vll 

where the imperial pint of twenty fluid ounces is employed. To avoid 
confusion., in most of the British preparations the quantities of liquids 
have been expressed in ounces instead of pints. It is necessary, however, 
to bear in mind that the fluidourice derived from the wine pint, and that 
derived from the imperial pint, are not identical, the former, in distilled 
water at 60°, weighing 455.7 grains, while the latter weighs but 437.5 grains. 
The relation of the weights and measures used in the United States 
Pharmacopoeia, in distilled water at 60°, is exhibited in the following table : 

Troy. Measure. Measure. Troy. 

1 pound = 0.790' pint, 1 pint = 1.265 pound 

1 ounce = 1.053 fluidounce. 1 fluidounce = 0.949 ounce. 

1 drachm = 1.053 nuidrachin. 1 fluidrachm = 0.949 drachm. 

1 grain = 1.053 minim. 1 minim = 0.949 grain. 

Pharmaceutical Processes. — The language of the pharmacopoeias 
describing the various processes has been much condensed and abbreviated, 
without, however, rendering it obscure. 

The reader is presumed to be familiar with ordinary pharmaceutical 
manipulations, as the making of pills, powders, tinctures, etc., and hence 
specific directions are omitted in such cases. While in the case of extracts, 
fluid extracts, suppositories, etc., it is believed the directions will be found 
sufficiently full and explicit. 

It may be necessary to observe that in all preparations, unless other- 
wise stated, the crude drugs are to be powdered as a preliminary step ; 
that all temperatures are measured by Fahrenheit's thermometer, and that 
specific gravities are taken at the temperature of 60°. 

Doses. — Unless otherwise stated, the doses, as usual, are to be con- 
sidered as average doses for an adult. The proportionate dose for a child 
may be computed by any of the rules in common use, as, for instance, by 
taking the age of the child, in years, as the numerator, and the age plus 12 
as the denominator of a fraction, thus : j£u = i — ^ ne dose f° r a child four 
years old. 

As is well known, the doses of medicines must be regulated by the ef- 
fects produced or desired, hence, only the most general directions can be 
given. 






MEDICAL FORMULARY, 



ABSINTHIUM (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— WORMWOOD. 

The leaves and tops of Artemisia Absinthium, L. (Nat. ord. Compositce), 
an herbaceous perennial, indigenous to the Old World, but cultivated and 
sparingly naturalized here. 

Wormwood is a slightly aromatic bitter tonic, and in large doses acts as 
a vermifuge. 

Its volatile oil possesses narcotic properties, and in very large doses may 
produce death. 

Externally, fomentations of wormwood are employed in bruises, sprains, 
etc. 

Dose : 10 to 60 grains. • 

t PREPARATIONS. 
Extract of Wormwood (Fr., Ger.). 
Take of Dried tops of wormwood 1 part. 
Boning distilled water 8 parts. 

Infuse the wormwood for twelve hours in 6 parts of water, express and 
strain. Treat the residue with the remainder of the water in like manner. 
Evaporate the infusions separately to a syrupy consistence, then mix, and 
evaporate to the consistence of a soft extract. 

Dose : 2 to 30 grains. Made into pills with the powdered leaves, it is 
more active. 

The German extract is an alcoholic one. 






Oil of Wormwood (Fr.). 
The oil obtained by distilling fresh wormwood with water. 
Dose : 2 to 10 drops, in syrup, mucilage, or sweet spirit of nitre. 
It enters into the composition of the French liqueur, absinthe. 

Infused Odl of Wormwood (Fr.). 

Take of Dried tops of wormwood 1 part. 

Olive oil 10 parts. 

Infuse two hours, express and filter. 

Used as an embrocation in bruises, sprains, rheumatism, etc. 

1 



» MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Tincture of Wormwood (Fr., Ger.). 

Take of ^s of wormwood •••• ^cient. 

Alcohol (6(K) 

Moisten, pack and percolate to 5 parts. 
Dose : } to 2 drachms. 

Compound Tincture of Wormwood (Fr.). 

Take of Dried tops of wormwood |o parts. 

Dried tops of germander |5 parts. 

Gentian 9 k \ , 

Kite-orange peel • _••••• *> parte. 

M"**"* _ 5parts . 

^ oes • :_■ . . . 5 parts. 

2BE^::::::::::::::::;."»- 1 > 000 ^ ts - 

Macerate ten days, express and filter. 
Dose : 1 to 2 draclrms. 

Wine of Wormwood (Fr.). 

Take of Dried leaves of wormwood 30 parts. 

Alcohol (00^) ;;;:;i 5 000 parts'. 

\A lnte wTne ' r 

Macerate the wormwood in the alcohol for twenty-four hours, add the 
wine, continue the maceration for ten days, express and filter. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Distilled Water of Wormwood (Fr.). 
Take of Fresh tops of wormwood 10 P arts - 

Water ■ sumcient. 

Distil 10 P^ 

Dose : 1 to 4 ounces. 



ACACIA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— GUM AKABIC. 

A gummy exudation from the bark of Acacia Senegal, Willd., and other 
species of acacia (Nat. ord. Leguminoace) shrubs or trees indigenous to 

Africa and Asia. 

Gum arabic occurs in tears or fragments of various sizes, colorless, or 
of a yellowish or brownish tint, odorless, and having a sweetish, mucila- 
ginous taste. It is entirely soluble in water, forming a mucilage which is 
demulcent and nutritive. Used in catarrhal and febrile affections, and as 
a vehicle. 



GOI ARABIC — VINEGAR. ' 6 

PREPARATIONS. 
Mucilago Acaciae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Mucilage of Gum Arabic. 

Giuu arabic 1 ounces. 

Water i pint. 

Agitate until dissolved, and strain. 
Used as a demulcent and vehicle. 

Syrupus Acaciae (U. S., Fr., Ger.) — Syrup of Gum Arabic. 

Gum arabie 2 ounces. 

Sugar 14 ounces. 

Water ■ 8 ounces. 

Dissolve the gum in the water, add the sugar, heat gently until dis- 
solved, and strain. Used as a vehicle, especially in cough mixtures. 

Mixture of Gum Arabic (Ger.). 

Take of Gum .arabic 15 parts. 

White sugar 15 parts. 

Distilled water . ., 170 parts. 

Dissolve. 

Used as a vehicle. 

Troches of Gum Arabic (Fr.). 

Take of Gum arabic 100 parts. 

White sugar : 900 parts. 

Distilled orange-flower water 75 parts. 

Make a mucilage with the water and an equal weight of the gum, then 
add the remainder and the sugar, and form troches of 15 grains each. 
Used to allay irritation of the throat. 






ACETUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— VINEGAR 

Impure and very dilute acetic acid, the product of the acetous fermen- 
tation of any liquid susceptible of the vinous fermentation. 

In this country it is generally obtained from cider. 

Vinegar is diuretic and refrigerant. It is used internally in febrile and 
inflammatory affections, and topically as a fomentation in bruises and 
sprains, as a gargle in sore throat, etc. 

For pharmaceutical purposes, it should be distilled, or what is better, 
the pure acetic acid may be employed. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



4 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Ace turn De still atum (U. S., Fr.)— Distilled Vinegar. 

Take of Vinegar 8 pints. 

Distil 7 pints. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. It may be used instead of diluted acetic acid 
in the preparation of the officinal vinegars. 

Aromatic Vinegar (Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Balm 25 parts. 

Peppermint 25 parts. 

Rosemary 25 parts. 

Sage 25 parts. 

Lavender 50 parts. 

Garlic , 10 parts. 

White vinegar 2,000 parts. 

Macerate ten days, express and filter. The German Pharmacopoeia em- 
ploys volatile oils and diluted acetic acid. 

Camphorated Vinegar (Fr.). 

Take of Camphor 10 parts. 

Glacial acetic acid 10 parts. 

White vinegar 400 parts. 

Pulverize the camphor by rubbing it with some of the acid, add the 
remainder and the vinegar gradually, and after several days filter. 

Syrup of Vinegar (Fr.). 

Take of Vinegar 100 parts. 

White sugar 175 parts. 

Dissolve with a gentle heat and strain. Largely diluted, this forms a 
pleasant drink in febrile affections. 

Lotion of Vinegar. 

Vinegar 5 drachms. 

Water 10 ounces. 

Mix. St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 

Lotion of Vinegar and Cantharddes. 

Distilled vinegar 3£ ounces. 

Tincture of cantharides 6 drachms. 

Rose-water 3|- ounces. 

Mix. A stimulant to the scalp. Tilbury Fox. 



YARROW ACETIC ACID. D 

ACHILLEA (II S., Fr,, Ger.)— YARROW— MILFOIL. 

The leaves and flowering tops of Achillea Millefolium, L. (Nat. ord. 
Composite), an herbaceous perennial, common in all temperate regions. 

Yarrow is a mild bitter tonic, and possesses also some astringent prop- 
erties. Used in atonic dyspepsia, chronic catarrhal affections, passive hem- 
orrhages, etc. 

Dose : 4- to 1 drachm. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extract of Yarrow. 

Take of Yarrow a convenient quantity. 

Exhaust by percolation with diluted alcohol, and evaporate to a proper 
consistence. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

Infusion of Yarrow. 

Take of Yarrow 1 part. 

Boiling water 10 parts. 

Infuse an hour, express and strain. 

Dose : 1 to -1 ounces. Used successfully in hemorrhoids and metror- 
rhagia. Cazin. 



ACIDUM ACETICUM (U. S. et al. Ph.) -ACETIC ACID. 

Obtained as one of the products of the distillation of wood. The offi- 
cinal acid is a colorless liquid, having a pungent odor free from empyreu- 
ma, and of the specific gravity 1.047. 

The medicinal properties of acetic acid are identical with those of vine- 
gar, which see. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Aeidum Aeeticum Dilutum (U. S., Br.) — Diluted Acetic Acid. 

Take of Acetic acid 1 pint. 

Distilled water 7 pints. 

Mix. It has the specific gravity 1.006. The diluted acetic of the 
German Pharmacopoeia has sp. gr. 1.040, and hence nearly corresponds 
with the preceding. 

Oxymel (Br., Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Clarified honey (by weight) 40 ounces. 

Acetic acid 5 ounces. 

Distilled water 5 ounces. 

Liquefy the honey by heat, then add the acid and water. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 
•The French Codex employs 1 part of vinegar with 4 of honey. 



6 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Gargles of Acetic Acid. 
Take of Acetic acid %i drachms. 

Glycerin 3 drachms. 

Water to 10 ounces. 

Mix. Stimulant and antiseptic. G. M. Lefferts. 

Take of Acetic acid 15 minims. 

Oxymel 30 minims. 

Distilled water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 

Inhalation of Acetic Acid. 

Take of Glacial acetic acid 1 part. 

Acetic acid 1 part. 

Mix. Add 2 drachms to a pint of water at 140° for each inhalation. 
Antiseptic ; used for the inflammatory sore throat of scarlet fever. 

London Throat Hospital. 

Lotion of Acetic Acid. 

Take of Diluted acetic acid 2 ounces. 

Water 20 ounces. 

Mix. London Chest Hospital. 



ACIDUM ACETICUM GLACIALE (Br., Fr., Ger.)— 
GLACIAL ACETIC ACID. 

Prepared by distilling dried acetate of sodium with sulphuric acid. 

It is a colorless liquid at the mean temperature of the air, but crystal- 
lizes at 34° and remains crystalline until the temperature rises to, or above 
48°. Its specific gravity is 1.065. 

Used as a caustic, and in preparations. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Aromatic Acetic Acid (Ger., Fr.). 

Take of Oil of cloves 9 parts. 

Oil of lemon 6 parts. 

Oil of lavender 6 parts. 

Oil of bergamot 3 parts. 

Oil of thyme 3 parts. 

Oil of cinnamon 1 part. 

Glacial acetic acid 25 parts. 

Dissolve by agitation. 

The French preparation contains camphor and the oils of cinnamon, 

cloves, and lavender. 



ARSENIC. 



ACIDUM AKSENIOSCJM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— AffcSENlOUS 
ACID.— ABSEKIC.— WHITE ARSENIC. 

An anhydrous acid obtained by roasting arsenical ores, and purified 
by sublimation. It occurs as a heavy white powder, or in opaque or semi- 
transparent lumps, having a conchoidal fracture. It is entirely volatilized by 
heat, is without odor, has little taste, and is but sparingly soluble in water. 

In medicinal doses, arsenic is tonic and alterative, in overdoses a vio- 
lent corrosive poison. It is used in intermittent fevers, especially those 
which have resisted quinia, in chronic skin diseases, neuralgia, chorea, etc. 
Locally it is employed as an escharotic for the destruction of malignant 
growths. 

Dose : ^ to T V grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Granules of Arsenious Acid (Fr.). 

Take of Arsenious acid 1 part. 

Sugar of milk 40 parts. 

Gum arabic 9 parts. 

Syrup of honey sufficient. 

Triturate the arsenic first with the sugar, then with the gum, and with 
the syrup form a mass to be divided into granules containing ^ of a grain 
each of arsenious acid. 

Pills of Arsenious Acid (Fr.). 

Take of Arsenious acid 1 part. 

Black pepper 10 parts. 

Gum arabic 2 parts. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Triturate the arsenic with the pepper and the gum, then, with the 
water, form a mass to be divided into pills containing -fg of a grain each of 
arsenious acid. 

Take of Arsenious acid 5 grains. 

Gum arabic \ drachm. 

Cinnamon powder 3 drachms. 

Glycerin sufficient. 

Mix, and divide into 100 pills. Dose : 1 pill two or three times a day. 
In skin diseases. Tilbury Fox. 

Take of Arsenious acid 1 grain. 

Black pepper 6 grains. 

Extract of gentian 24 grains. 

Beat together into a pilular mass and divide into 12 pills. 

British Skin Hospital. 



MEDICAL FOKMULARY. 

Caustic of Arsenious Acid. 

Take of Arsenious acid 20 grains. 

Vermilion 1 drachm. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

Mix. British Skin Hospital. 

Paste of Arsenious Acid. 

Take of Arsenious acid 2 drachms. 

Mucilage of gum arabic 1 drachm. 

Mix. Used as a caustic for cancers. Marsden. 

Arsenical Powder of Come. 

Take of Arsenious acid 20 parts. 

Vermilion 60 parts. 

Dragon's blood « 6 parts. 

Animal charcoal 4 parts. 

Mix. Used in lepra, cancer, etc. 

Arsenical Powder. 

Take of Arsenious acid 1 drachm. 

Vermilion 2 scruples. 

Calomel 2£ ounces. 

Mix. Used in lupus, syphilis, and scrofulous ulcers. Startin. 



ACIDUM BEJSTZOICUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— BENZOIC ACID. 

Take of benzoin, 12 troy ounces. Spread the benzoin oyer the bottom 
of an iron dish 8 inches in diameter, and 2 inches deep, cover with a piece 
of filtering paper, and by means of paste attach it to the rim. Then cover 
all with a conical receiver of thick, sized paper, and apply heat to the dish 
until vapors of benzoic acid cease to rise. Lastly, remove the acid from the 
receiver and diaphragm. 

Benzoic acid, thus obtained, is in white, feathery crystals of a peculiar, 
agreeable odor, and a warm, acidulous taste. It is sparingly soluble in water, 
freely soluble in alcohol, and is dissolved by alkaline solutions, forming 
combinations from which it is precipitated by hydrochloric acid. 

Benzoic acid is a local irritant, and also possesses antiseptic properties. 
Taken internally, it acts as a general stimulant, but affects the mucous 
membranes chiefly. Used in chronic bronchitis, and to prevent the forma- 
tion of phosphatic calculi. It is also employed as an antiseptic surgical 
dressing. 

Dose : 10 to 15 grains. 



BENZOIC ACID BORIC ACID. 9 

Lotions of Benzoic Acid. 
Take of Benzoic acid 1 grain. 

Rectified spirit 24 minims. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Middlesex Hospital. 
Take of Benzoic acid 2 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. British Skin Hospital. 

Ointment of Benzoic Acid. 
Take of Benzoic acid 40. grains. 

Acetate of morphia 6 grains. 

Cerate 1 drachm. 

Glycerin sufficient. 

Mix. Apply several times daily. For rectal fistula and ulcer. 

JR. Tauszky. 

ACIDUM BOE1CUM (Fr., Br., Ger.)— BORACIC or BORIC ACID 

Take of Borax 300 grammes. 

Distilled water 1,200 grammes. 

Sulphuric acid 100 grammes. 

The white of 1 egg. 

Dissolve the borax in half the water by the aid of heat. Divide the re- 
mainder of the water into two equal parts, with one of which dilute the 
sulphuric acid, with the other mix the albumen. Mix the albuminous 
solution with the solution of borax, heat to the boiling point, add the 
diluted acid, filter, and set aside to crystallize. Lastly, drain the crystals, 
and dry them on bibulous paper. 

Boracic acid, thus obtained, is in white, shining scales, soluble in 26 
parts of cold, and in 3 parts of warm water, and freely soluble in alcohol. 
Used externally as an antiseptic and deodorant. 

Lotions of Boracic Aceo. 
A saturated solution. Lister. 

Take of Boracic acid 15 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. British Skin Hospital. 

Ointments of Boeacic Acid. . 
Take of Boracic acid 1 part. 

White wax 1 part. 

Expressed oil of almonds 2 parts. 

Paraffin 2 parts. 

Rub the oil and the acid together in a warm mortar, then add the 
melted wax and paraffin, and triturate until cold. Lister. 

Take of Boracic acid 1 drachm. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

Mix. British Skin Hospital. 



10 MEDICAL FORMULARY, 



ACIDUM CAEBOLICUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CARBOLIC ACID. 

Obtained from coal tar by distillation. When pure, it crystallizes in 
minute nakes or rhomboidal needles, clear and colorless, of an empyreu- 
matic odor resembling that of creasote, and of a caustic taste. It is, how- 
ever, generally of a slightly reddish tinge, due to impurity. Upon exposure 
to air it deliquesces, and assumes the liquid state in the presence of water 
without being dissolved by it. It is soluble in 20 parts of water, and very 
soluble in alcohol, ether, acetic acid, glycerin, and the fixed and volatile 
oils. It does not act like an acid upon vegetable colors, though it readily 
combines with bases. 

Applied locally it is an escharotic. Taken internally in large doses it is 
a corrosive poison. It exerts a very destructive influence upon the lower 
forms of vegetable and animal life, arrests fermentation, and is a valuable 
disinfectant and antiseptic. It is used, like creasote, to arrest obstinate 
vomiting, and in zymotic diseases, sarcina ventriculi, etc. It is, however, 
more generally employed externally than internally. In the pure state it 
is sometimes used as a caustic, and, largely diluted with water, oil, glyce- 
rin, etc., it is very frequently employed as a dressing for wounds, bums, 
and scalds, and as a gargle in diphtheria, scarlatina, etc. It is also largely 
employed for disinfecting foul rooms, closets, etc. For this purpose the 
impure acid (Acidum Carbolicum Impurum, U. S.) may be used. 

Dose : 1 to 2 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Aqua Aeidi Carbolici (U. S.)— Carbolic Acid Water! 

Take of Glycerite of carbolic acid 10 drachms. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Mix the glycerite with sufficient distilled water to make 1 pint. 
Each drachm contains about 1 grain of carbolic acid. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

Glyceritum Aeidi Carbolici (U. S., Br.)— Glycerite of Carbolic Acid. 

Take of Carbolic acid 2 ounces. 

Glycerin j. pint. 

Rub together until the acid is dissolved. 
Dose : 5 to 10 minims. 

The British preparation, termed glycerine of carbolic acid, is almost 
identical with this. 



CATCBOLIO ACID. 11 

Suppositoria Aeidi Carbolici (U. S., Br.)— Suppositories of Carbolic 

Acid. 

Take of Carbolic acid 12 grains. 

Oil of theobroma 348 grains. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix the acid, previously dissolved in a few drops of water, with 1 
drachm of the oil, and then, having melted the remainder and cooled it to 
95°, mix the whole together and pour into suitable moulds, making 12 sup- 
positories. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs : carbolic acid, 12 grains ; curd soap, 
180 grains ; starch, sufficient. Mix and divide into 12 equal parts, each of 
which is to be made into a proper form. 

Unguentum Aeidi Carbolici (TJ. S.) — Ointment of Carbolic Acid. 

Take of Carbolic acid 60 grains. 

Ointment 420 grains. 

Mix them thoroughly. 

Caustic of Carbolic Acid. 

Take of Carbolic acid 1 ounce. 

Water 30 minims. 

Mix. British Skin Hospital. 

Carbolizkd Collodion. 

Take of Collodion 1 ounce. 

Castor oil \ drachm. 

Carbolic acid \ drachm. 

Mix. Hospital Formulary. 

Gargles of Carbolic Acid. 

Take of Carbolic acid 20 grains. 

Glycerin 1 ounce. 

Common salt 1 drachm. 

Warm water \ pint. 

Dissolve the salt in the water, then add the acid and glycerin. 
Use every half-hour at the first intimation of sore throat. 

F. A. Burr all. 

Take of Glycerite of carbolic acid 1 to 2 drachms. 

Water to 10 ounces. 

Mix. G. M. Lefferts. 

Take of Carbolic acid 20 grains. 

Glycerin \ ounce. 

Water to 10 ounces. 

Mix. London Throat Hospital. 



12 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Lotions of Carbolic Acid. 

Take of Carbolic acid 20 parts. 

Glycerin 20 parts. 

Water 20 parts. 

Mix. To be applied frequently in ringworm of the beard. 

G. H. Fox. 

, Take of Carbolic acid 2 drachms. 

Glycerin 1 ounce. 

Rose-water to 8 ounces. 

Mix. Used in tinea circinata. Tilbury Fox. 

Take of Carbolic acid 1 grain. 

Chloral 1 grain. 

Iodide of potassium " , 1 grain. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Apply to the urethra on absorbent cotton, once or twice a week, 
and inject the bladder with a warm solution of salicylic acid (2 grains to 1 
ounce), administering also tincture of belladonna, 3 minims three times a 
day. For irritable bladder. B. Tauszky. 

Take of Carbolic acid 8 minims. 

Solution of subsulphate of iron 2 to 3 drachms. 

Glycerin 1 ounce. 

Mix. Apply to the throat with a camel's-hair pencil, two or three 
times a day. In diphtheria. J. Lewis Smith. 

Take of Carbolic acid 40 grains. 

Borate of sodium 1 drachm. 

Bicarbonate of sodium 1 drachm. 

Glycerin 1 ounce. 

Rose-water . 1 ounce. 

Water to 1 pint. 

Mix. Used by means of nasal douche, nasal syringe, or atomizer, for 
cleansing purposes. G. M. Lefferts. 

Take of Glycerite of carbolic acid 1| drachm. 

Borate of sodium 1 drachm. 

Water 1 pint. 

Mix. Used in the same manner as the preceding. G. M. Lefferts. 

Take of Glycerite of carbolic acid 2^ drachms. 

Water to 10 ounces. 

^ 1X - St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 

Take of Carbolic acid 10 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

M"- British Skin Hospital. 



CARBONIC ACID CHRYSOPHANIC ACID. 13 



ACIDUM CARBONICUM— CARBONIC ACID. 

Carbonic acid gas is readily absorbed by water, a property which ad- 
mits of its being administered internally. It is obtained from marble- 
dust (carbonate of lime), by the action of sulphuric acid, and water is 
charged with it by means of machinery in general use. 

Carbonic acid water is a refreshing drink, and is often of great service 
in controlling vomiting. 



ACIDUM CHKOMICUM (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— CHROMIC ACID. 

Obtained by decomposing bichromate of potassium with sulphuric acid. 
It crystallizes in brilliant crimson-colored needles, which are deliquescent 
and very soluble in water. It is an energetic caustic, one of the best for 
the destruction of venereal and other warts, condylomata, etc. 

Caustics of Chromic Acid. 

Take of Chromic acid 100 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Used in vegetations about the genital organs. Bumstead. 

Take of Chromic acid 1 ounce. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. British Skin Hospital. 



ACIDUM CHRYSOPHAXICUM— CHRYSOPHANIC ACID. 

Obtained chiefly from Goa powder (Araroba), which is composed mainly 
of it. It crystallizes in bright yellow needles, but, as generally met with, 
it is a granular yellow powder, odorless, and with little taste. It is not, 
strictly speaking, an acid. 

Used in the form of an ointment in psoriasis and other diseases of the 
skin. 

Ointments of Cheysophanic Acid. 

Take of Chrysophanic acid 20 grains. 

Vaseline (or a similar preparation of petroleum) 190 grains. 

Melt the vaseline in a water-bath, add the acid, stir and heat for about 
ten minutes, then quickly strain through muslin into a capsule standing on 
ice, and stir briskly until cold. Hospital Formulary. 



14 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Chrvsophanic acid 10 grains. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

}{j x St. Mary's Hospital 

Take of Chrysophanic acid 2 drachms. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

Heat together in a water-hath for half an hour ; when set, mix with 
pestle and mortar. British Skin Hospital. 



ACIDUM CITRICUM (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— CITEIC ACID. 

Citric acid exists in a large number of plants, but is obtained chiefly 
from the juice of lemons and limes. It occurs in colorless crystals, of an 
agreeable acid taste, and freely soluble in water. Used as a refrigerant in 
febrile diseases, especially when fresh lemon-juice cannot be obtained. 

Dose : 5 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Syrupus Aeidi Citrici (L T . 8., Fr.) — Syrup of Citric Acid, 

Take of Citric acid 120 grains. 

Oil of lemon 4 minims. 

Syrup 2 pints. 

Rub the acid and oil with 1 ounce of the syrup, then add the remain- 
der, and dissolve with a gentle heat. 

An agreeable vehicle for the administration of certain salines. 

Lemonade Powder (Ger.). 

Take of Citric acid 2^ drachms. 

White sugar 4 ounces. 

Oil of lemon 1 drop. 

Mix. 

A tablespoonful to a glass of water makes a good substitute for lemon- 
ade when fresh lemons are not obtainable. 



ACIDUM GALLICUM (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— GALLIC ACID. 

Obtained chiefly from galls, though it exists in many plants. It occurs 
in small, silky, nearly colorless crystals, without odor, of a slightly acid and 
astringent taste, soluble in 100 parts of cold, and in 3 parts of boiling 
water. 

It is used as an astringent in passive hemorrhages from the lungs, 
stomach, kidneys, and uterus, in night-sweats, etc. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 



GALLIC ACID. 15 

PREPARATIONS. 

Glyeeritum Aeidi Galliei (TJ. S., Br.) — Glycerite of Gallic Acid. 

Take of Gallic acid 2 ounces. 

Glycerin £ pint, 

Rub them together, then heat gently until the acid is dissolved. 
Dose : 20 to 60 minims. 
Glycerine of Gallic Acid, Br. 

Mixtures of Gallic Acid. 

Take of Gallic acid ^ drachm. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 1 drachm. 

Deodorized tincture of opium 1 drachm. 

Compound infusion of rose 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : J ounce every four hours or oftener. 

In inenorrhagia, hematuria, purpura hemorrhagica, and the hemor- 
rhagic diathesis. Bartholow. 

Take of Gallic acid 12 grains. 

Compound tincture of cinnamon 1|- drachm. 

Tincture of opium 8 minims. 

Caraway water to 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 2 drachms for a child two years old. In chronic diar- 
rhoea. Hillier. 

Take of Gallic acid 10 grains. 

Tincture of opium 3 minims. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 15 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. University College Hospital. 

Take of Gallic acid 10 grains. 

Camphorated tincture of opium 20 minims. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 15 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Pills of Gallic Acid. 

Take of Gallic acid . . , ^ drachm. 

Extract of belladonna 2 grains. 

Mix and divide into 10 pills. 

Dose : 2 pills at bed-hour. For the sweating of phthisis. 

Bartholow. 

Take of Gallic acid 1 drachm. 

Aqueous extract of ergot (ergotin) 20 grains. 

Digitalis 20 grains. 

Mix and divide into . 20 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill every four hours. In passive hemorrhages. 

Bartholow. 



16 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Gcallic acid %i grains. 

Extract of henbane 1 grain. 

Make 1 pill. Royal Cheat Hospital. 

Take of Gallic acid 3 grains. 

Extract of rhatany 2 grains. 

Glycerin sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. Samaritan Hospital. 

Take of Gallic acid H grains. 

Hydrochlorate of morphia i grain. 

Extract of gentian sufficient. 

3 lake 1 pill. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Gallic acid 4 grains. 

Extract of opium J grain. 

Confection of roses sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. London Chest Hospital. 

Pyrogallic Acid. 
When gallic acid is heated to about 400° it is decomposed, yielding 
carbonic acid and a sublimate of pyrogallic acid. 

Lotion of Pyrogallic Aero. 

Take of Pyrogallic acid , . 15 parts. 

Glycerin 5 parts. 

Water 80 parts. 

Mix. For alopecia areata, G. H Fox. 

Ointment of Pyrogallic Acid. 

Take of Pyrogallic acid 10 grains. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

Mix. British Skin Hospital. 



ACIDUM IIYDROBROMICUM— IIYDROBROMIC ACID. 

Prepared in various ways, by the action of bromine upon phosphorus, 
sulphuric or tartaric acid upon bromide of potassium, etc. When pure, it 
is a colorless gas of a pungent and irritating odor, but it is readily absorbed 
by water, a property which permits of its being administered internally. 
The concentrated aqueous solution is colorless and has a pungent, acid taste. 
It is chiefly employed to prevent the disagreeable cephalic symptoms occa- 
sioned by quinia and iron. It has, however, been employed, like the bro- 
mides, in a variety of nervous affections. 

Dose : Of the diluted acid, 10 to 60 minims. 



HYDROBROMIC ACID HYDROCHLORIC ACID. 17 

"Mixture of Hyjkrobromic Aged. 

Take of Diluted hydrobromic acid (34';) J drachm. 

Spirit of chloroform '20 minims. 

Syrup of squill 1 drachm. 

Water. ... to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose : to be taken twice or thrice daily, for cough. 

Hospital Form ulary. 

Take of Hydrobromic acid 20 minims. 

Syrup 20 minims. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Chest Hospital. 



ACIDUM IIYDROCIILORICUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— HYDRO- 
CHLORIC ACID— MURIATIC ACID. 



Ai aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid gas, of the specific gravity 
1.160, obtained by the action of sulphuric acid upon common salt. 

It is a colorless liquid of a suffocating odor, and possessing energetic 
caustic properties. The commercial acid commonly contains chlorine, iron, 
and other impurities, and is of a light yellowish color. 

The concentrated acid is employed externally as a caustic. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Acidum Hydro chlorieum. Dilutum (XL S., Br., Ger.) — Diluted Hydro- 
chloric Acid. 






Take of Hydrochloric acid (by weight) 4 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 



Mix the acid with sufficient distilled water to make 1 pint. 

Dose : 10 to 30 minims. Used in dyspepsia, chronic diarrhoea and 
dysentery, typhus, typhoid and scarlet fevers, etc. ; topically as a gargle in 
various forms of sore throat, and as a bath in skin diseases. 

Bath of Hydrochloric Acid. 

Take of Hydrochloric acid 1 ounce. 

Water 30 gallons. 

Mix. Used in chronic lichen and prurigo. Tilbury Fox. 

Gargle of Hydrochloric Acid. 

I Take of Diluted hydrochloric acid 12 minims. 
Glycerin 24 minims. 
Water to 1 ounce. 
Mix. Stimulant. London Throat Hospital 



18 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Mixtures of Hydrochloric Acid. 

Take of Hydrochloric acid 3 drachms. 

Compound tincture of gentian 8 ounces. 

Water 8 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. Hospital Formulary. 

Take of Diluted hydrochloric acid 2J minims. 

Sugar 12j grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Guy's Hospital 

Take of Diluted hydrochloric acid 10 minims. 

Tincture of chiretta 15 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Ophthalmic Hospital, 

Take of Diluted hydrochloric acid , 1 drachm. 

Spirit of chloroform 1 drachm. 

Syrup 1 drachm. 

Camphor water to 3 ounces. 

Mix Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. For children. Middlesex Hospital. 



ACIDUM HYDROCYAKLCUM DILUTUM (IT. S., Br., Fr.)— 
DILUTED HYDROCYANIC ACID— DILUTED PRUSSIC 

ACID. 

Take of Ferrocyanide of potassium 2 ounces. 

Sulphuric acid (by weight) 1J ounce. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Mix the acid with 4 ounces of distilled water, and, when cool, pour into 
a glass retort, and add the ferrocyanide, dissolved in 10 ounces of distilled 
water, connect with a cooled receiver containing 8 ounces of distilled water, 
and distil 6 ounces. Lastly, add to the product 5 ounces of distilled water, 
or sufficient to render it of such a strength that 12^ grains of nitrate of 
silver may be exactly neutralized by 100 grains of the acid. 

When required for immediate use, prepare it thus : 

Take of Cyanide of silver 50|- grains. 

Hydrochloric acid 41 grains, 

Distilled water 1 ounce. 

Mix the acid and water, add the cyanide, shake well, let the precipitate 
subside, then decant and preserve the clear liquid. 



DILUTED HYDROCYANIC ACID. 19 

Diluted hydrocyanic acid is a clear, colorless liquid of a peculiar odor 
and a slightly irritating taste. It is a powerful antispasmodic and seda- 
tive. Used in whooping-cough, phthisis, obstinate vomiting, etc., and 
topically in skin diseases, chiefly to allay itching. In overdoses, it is one 
of the most deadly poisons known. 

Dose : 1 to 4 minims. 



INHALATION OF HYDROCYANIC AciD. 

Take of Diluted hydrocyanic acid 1 drachm. 

Water . . . -. 1 ounce. 

Mix. Use a drachm in a pint of water at 80°, for each inhalation. A 
very useful sedative in the cough of laryngeal phthisis, and in some spas- 
modic affections. London Throat Hospital. 

An inhalation containing 10 to 15 minims of the diluted acid with 1 
drachm of water, is officinal in the British Pharmacopoeia. 



Lotions of Hydrocyanic Acid. 

Take of Diluted hydrocyanic acid ^ drachm. 

Infusion of marshniallow 5 ounces. 

Mix. Used in pruritus. Tilbury Fox. 

Take of Diluted hydrocyanic acid 2 drachms. 

Borax 1 drachm. 

Rose-water 8 ounces. 

Mix. Used in the pruritus of old people. Neligan. 



Take of Diluted hydrocyanic acid 10 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 

Take of Diluted hydrocyanic acid 30 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. St. George's Hospital. 

Take of Diluted hydrocyanic acid 5 minims. 

Bicarbonate of sodium 5»grains. 

Borax 5 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. London Ophthalmic Hospital. 



20 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Mixtures of Hydrocyanic Acid. 

Take of Diluted hydrocyanic acid 1 drachm. 

Tincture of sanguinaria 4 drachms. 

Syrup of seneka £ ounce. 

Syrup of tolu 2 ounces. 

Cherry-laurel water 7 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 2 drachms, according to age, every three or four 
hours. For irritable cough. Bartholow. 

Take of Diluted hydrocyanic acid 3 minims. 

Camphor- water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Throat Hospital 

Take of Diluted hydrocyanic acid 3 minims. 

Bicarbonate of sodium 10 grains. 

Tincture of belladonna 10 minims. 

Infusion of gentian 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Samaritan Hospital. 

Take of Diluted hydrocyanic acid 10 minims. 

Tincture of stramonium 20 minims. 

Bromide of ammonium 1 drachm. 

Syrup of tolu 2 ounces. 

Mucilage of gum arabic •. . . 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm three or four times a day for a child two years 
old. In whooping-cough. Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled. 



ACLDUM LACTICUM (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— LACTIC ACID. 

The product of the fermentation of the sugar of milk. It is a syrupy, 
nearly transparent liquid, of a slight, bland odor, a very sour taste, and 
having the specific gravity 1.212. 

It is occasionally used in dyspepsia, and to prevent phosphatic deposits 
in the urine. Topically it has been employed, chiefly by inhalation, to 
dissolve the membrane of croup and diphtheria. 

Dose : J to 1 drachm. 

Inhalation of Lactic Acid. 

Take of Lactic acid 30 minims. 

Distilled water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. Use by means of a spray apparatus. Of great service in diph- 
theria ; it appears to have the effect of dissolving the membranous exuda- 
tion. London Throat Hospital. 

Mixture of Lactic Acid. 

Take of Lactic acid 4 drachms. 

Grlycerite of pepsin 12 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm after meals. In dyspepsia. Bartholow. 



NITKIC ACID. 21 



ACIDUM NITKLCUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— NITKIC ACID. 

Obtained by the action of sulphuric acid upon nitrate of potassium. 

It is a colorless liquid, having the specific gravity 1.420, and possessing 
energetic caustic properties. The commercial acid is of a pale yellow color, 
owing to impm-ities. 

In this concentrated form, nitric acid is only employed as a caustic. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Acidum Mitricum Dilutum (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Diluted Nitric Acid. 

Take of Nitric acid (by weight) 3 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Mix the acid with sufficient distilled water to make 1 pint. Used as a 
tonic in dyspepsia, fevers, dysentery, etc., and topically as a stimulating 
gargle and lotion. 

Dose : 10 to 30 minims. 

Nitric Acid Lemonade (Fr.). 

Take of Nitric acid (sp. gr. 1.420) 2 parts. 

Water 900 parts. 

Syrup 100 parts. 

Mix. Used as a refrigerant drink in febrile affections. 

Bath of Nitric Aero. 

Take of Nitric acid 1 ounce. 

Water 30 gallons. 

Mix. Used in chronic lichen and prurigo. Tilbury Fox. 

Gargle of Nitric Acid. 

Take of Nitric acid 1 drachm. 

Syrup 1 ounce. 

Water to 12 ounces. 

Mix. Stimulant. St. Mary's Hospital. 

Lotions of Nitric Acid. 

Take of Diluted nitric acid \ drachm. 

Acetate of lead 5 grains. 

Water 6 ounces. 

Mix. Used in eczematous and lichenous affections. Tilbury Fox. 

Take of Diluted nitric acid 30 minims. 

Liquid extract of opium ' 45 minims. 

Water. to 2 ounces. 

Mix. Middlesex Hospital. 



22 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Diluted nitric acid 1 ounce. 

Water 1 pint. 

Mix. In mucous patches, condylomata, torpid and ill-conditioned 
ulcers. Bartholow. 

Mixtures of Nitric Acid. 

Take of Diluted nitric acid 20 minims. 

Compound tincture of cardamom 1 drachm. 

Compound infusion of gentian to 1^ ounce. 

Mix. One dose. St. TJiomas's 



Take of Diluted nitric acid 10 minims. 

Tincture of columbo |- drachm. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Nitric acid 8 minims. 

Tincture of opium 40 minims. 

Camphor water 8 ounces. 

Iklix. Dose ^ ounce. Known as Hope's mixture. Much used in chronic 
dysentery. 



ACIDUM NITRO-HYDKOCHLOKICUM (IT. S., Fr., Ger.)— NI- 
TKO-HYDKOCHLOBIC ACID— NITRQ-MITKIATIC ACID. 

Take of Nitric acid (by weight) 3 ounces. 

Hydrochloric acid (by weight) 5 ounces. 

Mix the acids in a glass vessel, and when effervescence has ceased, put 
the product in a well-stopped bottle, and keep it in a cool, dark place. 

Nitro-hydrochloric acid is a very corrosive liquid, of a deep golden- 
yellow color, and having the odor of chlorine. The concentrated acid is 
occasionally used as a caustic, but is chiefly employed, largely diluted, as 
a tonic in dyspepsia, fevers, oxaluria, etc. The diluted acid is rather more 
convenient for dispensing, and hence is more generally employed. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Acidum Nitro-Hydroehlorieum Dilutum (U. S., Br.) — Diluted 
Nitro-Hydro chloric Acid. 

Take of Nitric acid (by weight) 1^ ounce. 

Hydrochloric acid (by weight) 2£ ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Mix the acids in a well-stopped bottle, and shake occasionally during 
twenty-four hours, then add sufficient distilled water to make 1 pint. Keep 
in a cool, dark place. 

Dose : 10 to 30 minims. 



OLEIC ACID GLACIAL PHOSPHORIC ACID. 23 

Diluted nitro-hydrochloric acid is used for the same purposes, and in 
about the same manner as diluted nitric, and diluted hydrochloric acids. 

When administered as an aid to digestion in dyspepsia, it is best com- 
bined with a bitter infusion, as infusion of quassia or gentian. 



ACIDUaI OLEIC TM— oleic acid. 

One of the constituents of fats, and commercially obtained as a sec- 
ondary product in the manufacture of stearin candles. It is, when pure, a 
clear, colorless liquid at ordinary temperatures, bat crystallizes at about 
40° F. The commercial article is of a yellow color, owing to impurities. 

Oleic acid is used in making a class of preparations termed oleates, 
which are often employed by inunction instead of the officinal ointments. 



ACIDUM PIIOSPHORICUM GLACIALE (IT. S.)— GLACIAL 
PHOSPHOPJC ACID. 

Obtained by digesting calcined bones in sulphuric acid, filtering, neu- 
tralizing with ammonia, filtering again, evaporating to dryness, and heating 
to redness. 

It occurs in colorless, transparent, glass-like masses, slowly deliques- 
cent, soluble in water, and in alcohol. Used in preparations. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Aeidum Phosphoricum Dilutum (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Diluted Phosphoric 

Acid. 

Take of Phosphorus 360 grains. 

Nitric acid (by weight) 5 ounces, or sufficient. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Mix the acid with ^ pint of distilled water, in a porcelain capsule of the 
capacity of 2 pints. Add the phosphorus, and invert over it a glass fun- 
nel with its rim resting on the inside of the capsule, near the liquid, 
Heat till the phosphorus is dissolved, adding a little distilled water if the 
reaction becomes too violent, and, if red vapors cease to be evolved before 
solution is effected, adding more nitric acid, diluted as before. Then re- 
move the funnel, evaporate the solution until it weighs 2 ounces, and mix 
this, when cold, with sufficient distilled water to make the filtered liquid 
measure 20 ounces. 



24 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

It may also be prepared thus : 

Take of Glacial phosphoric acid 1 ounce. 

Nitric acid 40 grains. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the glacial phosphoric acid in 3 ounces of the water, add the 
nitric acid, boil to a syrupy consistence, and add sufficient distilled water 
to make it measure 12 J ounces. 

Diluted phosphoric acid is a colorless liquid of the specific gravity 
1.05G, and having a strongly acid taste. 

Used as a tonic and refrigerant, like other mineral acids, but it is be- 
lieved to be especially useful in cases of nervous depression. 

Dose : 20 to 00 minims. 

Mixtures of Phosphoric Acid and Strychnia. 

Take of Diluted phosphoric acid ^ ounce. 

Tincture of chloride of iron 1 ounce. 

Strychnia 1 grain. 

Mix and add of glycerin 1| ounce. 

Syrup of orange peel 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm in a wineglass of sweetened water directly after 
eating, taken through a tube. For nervous irritability, depression and 
anaemia. Fordyce Barker. 

Take of Diluted phosphoric acid 15 minims. 

Solution of strychnia ("4 grs. to 1 oz.) 3 minims. 

Spirit of chloroform 15 minims. 

Infusion of quassia 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Chest Hospital. 

^Mixture of Phosphoric Acid and Quassia. 

Take of Diluted phosphoric acid ! 15 minims. 

Tincture of quassia 30 minims. 

Syrup of orange 20 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

INIix. One dose. Brampton Consumption Hospital. 



ACIDUM SA L1C YLICITM.— SALICYLIC ACID. 

Salicylic acid may be prepared from oil of wintergreen, salicin, and 
other vegetable products, but not in sufficient quantities to be of commer- 
cial importance. For medical use it is prepared from carbolic acid. 

It occurs in small, white, acicular crystals, odorless, and of a sweetish, 
astringent, and slightly acrid taste. It is very sparingly soluble in cold 
water, but freely soluble in boiling water, alcohol, ether, and glycerin. It 
also dissolves freely in solutions of sulphite or phosphate of sodium, etc. 



SALICYLIC ACID OIL OF VITRIOL. 25 

Salicylic acid is used with great success iu acute rheumatism, and with 

variable results in a number of other diseases. Salicylate of sodium is, 
however, generally employed instead of the acid, on account of its greater 
solubility. 

Externally salicylic acid is employed as an antiseptic and disinfectant. 

Dose : 10 to 40 grains. 

Mixtures of Salicylic Acid. 

Take of Salicylic acid 160 grains. 

Acetate of potassium 320 grains. 

Glycerin 1 ounce. 

Water to 4 ounces. 

!Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. In rheumatism. Hospital Formulary. 

Take of Salicylic acid 20 grains. 

Bicarbonate of sodium 20 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. St. Mary's Hospital. 

Take of Salicylic acid 2 drachms. 

Solution of acetate of ammonium 2 ounces. 

Water 6 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 ounce. National Dispensatory. 



ACIDUM SULPHURIC UM (IT. S. et al. Ph.).— SULPHURIC 
ACID— OIL OF VITRIOL. 

Sulphuric acid is commonly prepared by burning sulphur and nitrate 
of potassium, or sodium, in a furnace so constructed that the current of 
air which supports combustion, conveys the gaseous product into a 
leaden chamber whose bottom is covered with water. 

It is a colorless, oily liquid, of the specific gravity 1.843, without odor, 
and intensely corrosive. It mixes with water in all proportions, with the 
evolution of heat. Occasionally used as a caustic. For internal adminis- 
tration, the diluted, or the aromatic acid, is generally employed. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Acidum Sulphuricum Dilutum (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Diluted Sulphuric 

Acid. 

Take of Sulphuric acid (by weight) 2 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Add the acid gradually to 14 ounces of distilled water, and, after twenty- 



26 MEDICAL FORMULARi'. 

four hours, filter, adding sufficient distilled water through the filter to 
make 1 pint. 

Used as a tonic and refrigerant in febrile affections, etc. 

Dose : 5 to 30 minims. 

Acidum Sulphuricum Aromatieum (IT. S., Br.) — Aromatic Sulphuric 
Acid— Elixir of Vitriol. 

Take of Sulphuric acid (by weight) 6 ounces. 

Ginger 1 ounce. 

Cinnamon 1£ ounce. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Add the acid gradually to 1 pint of alcohol. Mix the ginger and cin- 
namon, and with alcohol obtain 1 pint of tincture, by percolation. Mix 
this with the diluted acid. 

This is the form in which sulphuric acid is most commonly prescribed. 
It is often used in colliquative sweats, and in colliquative and other diar- 
rhoeas. 

Dose : 5 to 30 minims. 

Mixtures of Sulphuric Acid. 

Take of Diluted sulphuric acid 10 minims. 

Glycerin 30 minims. 

Peppermint water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Ophthalmic Hospital. 

Take of Diluted sulphuric acid 12 minims. 

Tincture of catechu 15 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. University College Hosjjital. 

Take of Diluted sulphuric acid 15 minims. 

Sulphate of magnesium 20 grains. 

Alum 10 grains. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Brampton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Diluted sulphuric acid 10 minims. 

Sulphate of magnesium 40 grains. 

Treacle 40 minims. 

Peppermint water 7 drachms. 

Mix. One dose. Westminster Ophthalmic Hospital. 

Take of Diluted sulphuric acid 20 minims. 

Tincture of o})ium 10 minims. 

Spirit of chloroform 20 minims. 

Camphor water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. St. Mary's Hospital. 



SULPHUKOUS ACID TANNIC ACID. 27 



ACIDUM SULPHUPOSUM (IT. S., Br.)— SULPHUROUS ACID. 

Take of Sulphuric acid (by weight) 8 ounces. 

Charcoal, in coarse powder 1 ounce. 

Distilled water 36 ounces. 

Pour the acid upon the charcoal, previously introduced into a matrass ; 
apply heat, and, by means of proper apparatus, pass the evolved gas into 
the water, contained in a bottle and kept cool. 

It is a colorless liquid, having the odor of burning sulphur, and a sour, 
sulphurous taste. Used internally in dyspepsia characterized by fermenta- 
tion of the food — though the sulphites are preferable — and topically in 
skin diseases due to vegetable parasites, by inhalation in diphtheria, etc. 

Dose : 20 to 60 minims. 

Inhalation of Sulphurous Acid. 

Take of Sulphurous acid 1 drachm. 

Water (60° to 100°) 20 ounces. 

For one inhalation. Stimulant. The pure acid may be used by means 
of a spray apparatus in diphtheria, etc., 40 to 60 minims being employed 
for each inhalation. London Throat Hospital. 

Lotion of Sulphurous Acid. 

Take of Sulphurous acid 5 ounces. 

Glycerin to 10 ounces. 

Mix. St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 

This lotion will occasionally afford great relief in pruritus ani. 



ACIDUM TANN1CUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— TANNIC ACID— 

TANNIN. 

Take of Nutgall in fine powder sufficient. 

Ether sufficient. 

Expose the nutgall to a damp atmosphere for twenty-four hours, then 
mix it with sufficient ether, previously washed with water, to form a soft 
paste. After six hours, enclose in canvas, and express strongly and quickly 
so as to obtain the liquid. Reduce the cake to powder, form a paste with 
washed ether, and express as before. Mix the liquids, evaporate spontane- 
ously to a syrupy consistence, then spread upon plates and dry quickly. 

It is a light, non-crystalline powder, of a yellowish color and a very 
astringent taste. It is soluble in water, glycerin, and alcohol. It is 
powerfully astringent, and is used in all cases where vegetable astringents 



28 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

are required, as diarrhoea and dysentery, passive hemorrhages, colliquative 
sweats, etc. Externally it is employed in hemorrhages, catarrhal affec- 
tions, etc. 

Dose : 2 to 10 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 
Glyceritum Acidi Tannici (IT. S., Br.) — Glycerite of Tannic Acid. 

Take of Tannic acid 2 ounces. 

Glycerin \ pint. 

Hub them together, then heat gently until the acid is dissolved. 

Dose : 10 to -40 minims. 

Termed Glycerine of Tannic Acid by the British Pharmacopoeia. 

Suppositoria Acidi Tannici (IT. S., Br.) — Suppositories of Tannic Acid. 

Take of Tannic acid 60 grains. 

Oil of theobroma 300 grains. 

Bub the acid with 60 grains of the oil, melt the remainder, and, having 
cooled it to 95°, mix all together and pour into suitable moulds, making 
12 suppositories. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs : tannic acid, 36 grains ; benzoated 
lard, 44 grains ; white wax, 10 grains ; oil of theobroma, 90 grains. 

It also prepares suppositories with tannic acid, 36 grains ; glycerin of 
.starch, 50 grains ; curd soap, 100 grains ; starch, sufficient. 

Trochisci Acidi Tannici (U. S., Br.) — Troches of Tannic Acid. 

Take of Tannic acid 1 ounce. 

Sugar 10 ounces. 

Tragacanth 120 grains. 

Orange-flower water sufficient. 

Bub the powders thoroughly together, then with orange-flower water 
form a mass, to be divided into 480 troches. 
Dose : 1 or 2 troches. 

TJnguentum Acidi Tannici ("U. S.)— Ointment of Tannic Acid. 

Take of Tannic acid 30 grains. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

Rub them thoroughly together, avoiding the use of an iron spatula. 

Gargles of Tannic Acid. 

Take of Tannic acid 12 grains. 

Rectified spirit 6 minims. 

Camphor mixture to 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. Astringent. London Throat Hospital, 



TANNIC ACID. 29 

Take of Tannic acid 3(>0 grains. 

Gallic acid 120 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Rub the acids to a line powder, and mix with the water. Slowly sipped, 
or held passively in the mouth, it is most useful for arresting* hemorrhage 
from the uvula or tonsils after excision. London Throat Hospital 

Inhalation of Tannic Acid. 

Take of Tannic acid 40 grains. 

"Water 8 ounces. 

Mix. Astringent. Used by means of a steam atomizing apparatus. 

G. M. Leferts. 

Injections of Tannic Aero. 

Take of Tannic acid 1 drachm. 

Alum 2 drachms. 

Water 1 pint. 

Mix. For gonorrhoea in women. Bumstead. 

Take of Tannic acid 2 drachms. 

Glycerin 1 ounce. 

Water 3 ounces. 

Mix. London Fever Hospital, 

Mixture of Tannic Acid. 

Take of Tannic acid 7 grains. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 10 minims. 

Cinnamon water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Charing Cross Hospital. 

Ointment of Tannic Acid with Opium. 
Take of Tannic acid \ drachm. 

Powdered opium \ drachm. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

Mix. British Skin Hospital. 

Pills of Tannic Acid with Opium. 

Take of Tannic acid '. . 20 grains. 

Opium 1 grain. 

Mucilage sufficient. 

Mix and divide into 4 pills. St. Thomas's Hospital. 

Powders of Tannic Acid. 

Take of Tannic acid £ ounce. 

Powdered gum arabic 2 drachms. 

White sugar 2 drachms. 

Mix. For insufflation into the larynx or nares. Useful in hemorrhage. 

G. M. Lefferts. 



30 MEDICAL FOKMULAKY. 

Take of Tannic acid 5 grains. 

Iodoform 2 grains. 

Gum arabic 3 grains. 

Mix and form a powder. For insufflation, as an astringent and 
alterative in post-nasal catarrh. London Throat Hospital. 

Take of Tannic acid 2 drachms. 

Powdered opium 6 grains. 

Sugar sufficient. 

Alix and divide into 6 powders. 

Dose : 1 powder every two hours. In profuse diarrhoea. Oppolzer. 



ACIDUM TARTAKICUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— TARTARIC ACID. 

This is the acid of grapes, and is prepared from tartar, or crude bitar- 
trate of potassium, which is deposited in wine-casks after fermentation. 

Tartaric acid occurs as a white, crystalline powder, of a very sour taste, 
and freely soluble in water. It is diuretic and refrigerant. Used chiefly 
in preparing effervescing draughts. 

Dose : 30 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
See PuLveres Effervescerdes and Pulveres Efervescentes Aperientes. 

Lemonade of Tartaric Aced (Fr. ). 

Take of Syrup of tartaric acid 10 parts. 

Water 90 parts. 

Mix. A refrigerant drink in fevers. 

Syrup of Tartaric Aceo (Fr.). 

Take of Tartaric acid 1 part. 

Distilled water 2 parts. 

Syrup 47 parts. 

Dissolve the acid in the water, and add the solution to the syrup. 



ACIDUM VALERIAXICUM (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— VALERIANIC 

ACID. 

Prepared by distilling valerianate of sodium with water and sulphuric 
acid. It is a colorless, oily liquid, having the disagreeable odor of valerian. 
Not used in medicine except in combination with bases, as valerianate of 
zinc, valerianate of ammonium, etc. 



ACONITIA ACONITE, LEAVES AND ROOT. 31 



ACONITIA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— ACONITIA. 

Take of Aconite root 48 ounces. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 1J ounce. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Stronger water of ammonia sufficient. 

Stronger ether sufficient. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Digest the aconite in 8 pints of alcohol at 120° for twenty-four hours, 
then transfer to a percolator and, with alcohol, percolate to 24 pints. Distil 
off the alcohol until it is reduced to 1 pint. Add to this, 1 pint of distilled 
water mixed with the sulphuric acid, remove the oil and resin which separate 
on standing, and evaporate to 4 ounces. "When cool, wash it with ether, and 
add ammonia-water in slight excess. Next, shake the mixture with 6 ounces 
of the ether, allow it to settle, and decant the upper ethereal layer of liquid. 
Repeat the process twice, mix the ethereal solutions, and allow the mixture 
to evaporate spontaneously. Reduce the dry residue to powder, and keep 
in a well-stopped bottle. 

It is a yellowish-white powder, without odor, and having a bitter, acrid 
taste, followed by a sensation of numbness, soluble in 150 parts of cold 
water, and freely soluble in alcohol, ether, and chloroform. Seldom em- 
ployed internally. 

Dose : -j-J-jj- to T ^ grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Ointment of Aconitia (Br.). 

Take of Aconitia 8 grains. 

Rectified spirit \ drachm. 

Prepared lard 1 ounce. 

Dissolve the aconitia in the spirit, add the lard and mix. 
Used in neuralgia. Should be used with great care. 



ACON itum— aconite. 

ACONITI FOLIA (U. S., Br., Fr.)— ACONITE LEAVES. 
ACONITI EADIX (U. S. et al. Ph.)— ACONITE BOOT. 

The leaves and root of Aconitum Napellus, L. (Nat. ord., Ranunculacece) , 
a large, herbaceous perennial indigenous to Northern Europe and Asia, and 
the western coast of North America. 

Aconite owes its medicinal virtues to an alkaloid termed aconitia, which 
exists in much larger proportion in the root than in the leaves. The lat- 
ter, as found in the shops, vary greatly in strength, and are therefore much 
less used than the former. 



32 MEDICAL FORMULAE Y. 

Aconite is a cardiac sedative of great power, and is much used in the 
early stages of acute inflammatory affections, as pneumonia, pleurisy, ton- 
sillitis, rheumatism, erysipelas, etc. 

Applied locally, it temporarily paralyzes the sensory nerves, and hence 
is of service in certain cases of neuralgia. 

Dose : ( )f the leaves, 1 to 3 grains ; of the root, 4 to 2 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum Aconiti (U. S. et al. Ph. ) — Extract of Aconite. 

Take of Aconite leaves, recently dried 12 ounces. 

Alcohol 1 pint. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the aconite with the alcohol, then percolate with diluted alco- 
hol until 1 pint is obtained. Allow this to evaporate spontaneously to 3 
ounces. Continue the percolation until 2 pints more are obtained, or the 
aconite is exhausted. Evaporate this on a water-bath, at or below 160°, to 
the consistence of syrup ; add the reserved portion, and continue the eva- 
poration at, or below 120°, until reduced to a proper consistence. 

Dose : J to J grain. 

The British Pharmacopoeia employs the fresh leaves ; the German the 
root. The French Codex prepares also an extract from the juice. 

Emplastrum Aconiti (U. S.) — Aconite Plaster. 

Take of Aconite root 16 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Resin plaster sufficient. 

Macerate the root with 1 pint of alcohol for four days, then percolate 
until 2 pints are obtained. Distil off 1^ pint of alcohol, evaporate the re- 
sidue to a soft extract, and add sufficient resin plaster, previously melted, 
to make the whole weigh 16 ounces. 

Tinetura Aconiti Radicis (IT. S., Br., Ger. )— Tincture of Aconite Root. 

Take of Aconite root 12 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 1 to 3 minims. 

The French Codex prepares a tincture from the fresh leaves, by macerat- 
ing them for ten days in an equal weight of alcohol. 

Liniment of Aconite (Br.). 

Take of Aconite root 20 ounces. 

Camphor 1 ounce. 

Rectified spirit sufficient. 

Macerate the aconite with spirit for three days, then percolate into a 
receiver containing the camphor, until it measures 20 ounces. 



ACONITE ROOT — SULPHURIC ETHER. 33 

An excellent preparation for the relief of some forms of neuralgia. It 
should be used with caution. 

Fleming's Tincture of Aconite. 

Take of Aconite root 8 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 12 ounces. 
Dose : 1 to 2 minims. 

Mixtures of Aconite. 

Take of Tincture of aconite root 2 drachms. 

Deodorized tincture of opium 6 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 8 drops in water every hour or two. In acute pleurisy, 
previous to effusion. Bartholow. 

Take of Tincture of aconite 3 minims. 

Colchicum wine 10 minims. 

Bicarbonate of potassium 10 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Westminster Ophthalmic Hospital. 



ADEPS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— LAED. 

The prepared fat of the hog (Sus scrofa, L). Leaf lard, that which is ob- 
tained from the mesentery, omentum, and kidneys, should be selected for 
medicinal use. At and below 90° F., lard is a soft solid, white, and of a 
peculiar odor, which should be free from rancidity. It is used in the prep- 
aration of ointments and cerates. 



.ETHER (D. S. et al. Ph.)— ETHER— SULPHURIC ETHER. 

Prepared by distilling a mixture of sulphuric acid and alcohol at a 
temperature between 260° and 280°, and subsequently purifying the pro- 
duct by redistillation. 

It is a colorless, limpid, and very volatile and inflammable liquid, of the 
specific gravity 0.750. It has a peculiar odor, a sweetish taste, is slightly 
soluble in water, and dissolves iodine, iodoform, sulphur, oils, fats, resins, 
etc. 

Ether is a diffusible stimulant suited to many cases of exhaustion. 
Administered by inhalation, it Induces ansesthesia, and is very largely em- 
3 



34 MEDICAL FORMULAKY. 

ployed in this manner, being, all things considered, the best and safest 
anesthetic yet discovered. It is also employed externally to produce local 
anaesthesia. 

Dose : 20 to 30 minims. 



PREPARATIONS. 

^Ether Fortior (U. S.)— Stronger Ether. 

Take of Ether 3 pints. 

Water 3 pints. 

Chloride of calcium 1 ounce. 

Lime 1 ounce. 

Shake the ether and water together, and when the water has subsided 
decant the ether. Shake this with the chloride of calcium and lime, and 
after twenty-four hours decant the ether into a retort and distil 1^ pint. 
Its specific gravity should not exceed 0.728. 

The ethers of the British Pharmacopoeia have respectively the specific 
gravity 0.735 and 0.720, the latter being termed pure ether ; of the 
French Codex, 0.723 and 0.720 ; of the German Pharmacopoeia, only one 
recognized, 0.728. 

Spiritus JEtheris Compositus (U. S.) — Compound Spirit of Ether — 

Hoffmann's Anodyne. 

Take of Ether £ pint. 

Alcohol 1 pint. 

Ethereal oil 6 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : % to 2 drachms. Stimulant, antispasmodic, and anodyne. 
Used in hysteria, sleeplessness, nervousness, etc. 

Spirit of Ether (Br., Fr., Ger.) — Hoffmann's Anodyne. 

Take of Ether 10 ounces. 

Rectified spirit 20 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : ^ to 2 drachms. Properties and uses similar to those of 
the preceding preparation. 

Syrup of Ether (Fr.). 

Take of Syrup 800 parts. 

Distilled water 10*0 parts. 

Alcohol (90$) 50 parts. 

Ether 50 parts. 

Mix in a bottle having a stop-cock at the bottom, shake occasionally 
during five or six days, then draw off the clear syrup. 
Dose : J to 1 ounce. 



SULPHURIC ETHER NITROUS ETHER. oO 

Mixtures of Ether. 

Take of Spirit of ether J drachm. 

Aromatic spirit of ammonia 4 drachm. 

Syrup of tolu 1 drachm. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Jliddlesex Hospital. 

Take of Ether ^ drachm. 

Ammoniated tincture of valerian J drachm. 

Infusion of quassia to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Royal Chest Hospital. 

Take of Spirit of ether 5 minims. 

Compound tincture of camphor (paregoric) .... 15 minims. 
Water to -J ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Samaritan Hospital. 

Take of Spirit of ether 20 minims. 

Bicarbonate of sodium 10 grains. 

Peppermint water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Chest Hospital. 



.ETHER ACET1CUS (Br., Fr., Ger.)— ACETIC ETHER. 

May be obtained by distilling a mixture of 8 parts of dry acetate of 
sodium, 5 parts of rectified spirit, and 10 parts of sulphuric acid ; adding 
the distilled product to half its weight of chloride of calcium in a stop- 
pered bottle ; letting them remain together for twenty-four hours, and then 
decanting and rectifying the ethereal liquid. 

It is a colorless liquid, with an agreeable ethereal odor. Medicinal 
properties similar to those of sulphuric ether. It is, however, milder and 
more agreeable. 

Dose : 20 to 60 minims. 



^ETHER NITROSUS— NITROUS ETHER. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Spiritus .ffitheris Nitrosi (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Spirit of Nitrous Ether — 
Sweet Spirit of Nitre. 

Prepared by distilling a mixture of sulphuric acid and alcohol, with 
nitric acid, in the presence of copper. 

It is a volatile, inflammable liquid, of a pale yellow color, a fragrant, 
ethereal odor, and a sharp, burning taste. Used as a diaphoretic and 



36 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

diuretic, especially with children, and generally in combination with other, 
and more powerful agents. 
Dose : £ to 2 drachms. 

Mixtures of Nitrous Ether. 

Take of Spirit of nitrous ether 20 minims. 

Carbonate of ammonium 3 grains. 

Tincture of tolu 10 minims. 

Compound infusion of gentian to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. King's College Hospital. 

Take of Spirit of nitrous ether 1 drachm. 

Syrup of ipecac 2 drachms. 

Castor-oil 2 drachms. 

Syrup of tolu 7 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every two to four hours, for infants one year 
old. In primary bronchitis. J. Lewis Smith. 



OLEUM ^ETHEREUM (IT. S.)— ETHEREAL OIL. 

Prepared by distilling a mixture of sulphuric acid and alcohol, at a tem- 
perature between 302° and 315°. 

It is a transparent, nearly colorless, volatile liquid, of a peculiar ethereal 
odor and taste, and of the specific gravity 0.910. Used solely in the prep- 
aration of compound spirit of ether. 



ALCOHOL (U. S. et al. Ph.)— ALCOHOL—RECTIFIED 
SPIRIT (Br.). ' 

Spirit of the specific gravity 0.835 U. S. ; 0.838 Br. ; 0.830 to 0.834 
Ger. ; 88 to 90 per cent. Fr. 

Alcohol Fortius (U. S.) — Stronger Alcohol. 

Spirit of the specific gravity 0.817. 

Alcohol is the product of the vinous fermentation of saccharine liquids, 
and is commercially obtained by distillation from fermented corn, wheat, 
rye, potatoes, etc. It is a clear, colorless, volatile and inflammable liquid, 
of a peculiar, agreeable odor, and a very pungent taste. 

Alcohol contains, by volume, about 90 per cent, of spirit ; stronger 
alcohol, about 95 per cent. Pure, or absolute alcohol, has the specific 
gravity 0.817. These different grades of alcohol are obtained from the 
first product of distillation, by various processes of rectification which it is 
unnecessary to describe here. 



RECTIFIED SPIRIT GARLIC. 37 

Alcohol dissolves bromine, iodine, phosphorus, sulphur, the alkalies, 
most of the alkaloids, oils, resins, etc., and hence is of the greatest import- 
ance in the preparation of medicines. Under the various forms of brandy, 
whiskey, rum, gin, and wine, it is extensively employed as a diffusible 
stimulant. 

PREPARATION. 

Alcohol Dilutum (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Diluted Alcohol. 

Alcohol mixed with an equal measure of distilled water. Its specific 
gravity is 0.941. Used in preparations. 

Proof spirit, Br. : rectified spirit, 5 pints ; distilled water, 3 pints. 
Diluted alcohol, Ger. : alcohol, 7 parts ; distilled water, 3 parts. Fr. : alcohol 
of 60 per cent. 

ALCOHOL AMYIICUM— AMYIIC ALCOHOL— FUSEL OIL. 

A peculiar alcohol, obtained from fermented grain or potatoes, by con- 
tinuing the process of distillation after the ordinary spirit has ceased to 
come over. It is an oily, colorless liquid, of a strong, disagreeable odor, 
an acrid taste, and has the specific gravity 0.818. 

Amylic alcohol is occasionally used in small doses, as a nervous stimu- 
lant, in phthisis and in the nervous affections of habitual drunkards. Phar- 
niaceutically, it is employed in preparing valerianic acid. 

Dose : 2 to 8 minims. 



ALLIUM (U. S., Fr.)— GAELIC. 

The bulb of Allium sativum, L. (Nat. ord., Liliacece), a small perennial 
indigenous to Europe, but cultivated in all parts of the world. It has a 
peculiar, penetrating odor, and a bitter, acrid taste. 

Applied locally, garlic irritates and reddens the skin ; taken internally, 
it acts as a stimulant. It is chiefly employed internally in catarrhal affec- 
tions of the respiratory organs, and externally as a rubefacient and revul- 
sive. 

Dose : J to 2 drachms. 

Syrupus Allii (U. S.) — Syrup of Garlic. 

Take of Garlic sliced and bruised 6 ounces. 

Diluted acetic acid 1 pint. 

Sugar 24 ounces. 

Macerate the garlic in 10 ounces of the acid for four days, and express. 
Mix the residue with the remainder of the acid, and express until suf- 
ficient additional liquid has been obtained to make the whole measure 1 
pint. Then add the sugar. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



3S MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

ALOE— ALOES. 

ALOE BAKBADEXSIS (U. S., Br., Fr.)— BAKBADOES ALOES. 

ALOE CAPEXSIS (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— CAPE ALOES. 

ALOE SOCOTRIXA (U. S., Br.)— SOCOTRINE ALOES. 

The inspissated juice of Aloe vulgaris, Lamarck, Aloe spicata, Thun- 
berg, and Aloe Socotrina, Lamarck, respectively, (Nat. ord., Liliacece), though 
other species also contribute to the production of Cape and Socotrine aloes. 
The first named is produced in the West Indies, the second is received from 
the Cape of Good Hope, and the third from the island of Socotra, off the 
eastern coast of Africa. 

Socotrine aloes is most commonly employed in this country. It is in 
pieces of a yellowish or reddish color, growing darker with age, breaking 
with a conchoidal fracture, and of a lighter color inside. Its powder is 
yellow, and its taste exceedingly bitter and disagreeable. 

Aloes is a purgative whose action is chiefly on the large intestine ; hence, 
it is contraindicated in inflammations of the pelvic viscera. It is also an 
emmenagogue, because of its effect upon the lower bowel, and, sympathet- 
ically, the pelvic organs generally. In small doses it is believed to be 
tonic, and is therefore of use in dyspepsia attended with constipation, 
and in hemorrhoids due to relaxation of the veins of the rectum. 

Dose : 2 to 3 grains, laxative ; 10 to 20 grains, purgative. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Aloe Purificata (U. S.)— Purified Aloes. 

Take of Socotrine aloes 24 ounces. 

Stronger alcohol 4 ounces. 

Melt the aloes in a water-bath, add the alcohol, strain, and evaporate 
until it solidifies and becomes brittle on cooling. 

Dose : 2 to 3 grains, laxative ; 10 to 20 grains, purgative. 

Pilulae Aloes (U. S., Br., Fr.)— Pills of Aloes. 

Take of Socotrine aloes 48 grains. 

Soap 48 grains. 

Beat them into a mass with water, and divide into 24 pills. 

Dose : 1 to 5 pills, or more. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs : Socotrine aloes, 2 ounces ; hard soap, 
1 ounce ; volatile oil of nutmeg, 1 drachm ; confection of roses, 1 ounce, and 
leaves the mass undivided. It also prepares pills of Barbadoes aloes by 
the same formula, substituting oil of caraway for oil of nutmeg. The 
French Codex employs 2 parts of Cape aloes with 1 part of confection of 
roses. 



ALOES. 39 

Pilulae Aloes et Asafcetidae (U. S., Br.) — Pills of Aloes and Asafetida. 

Take of Socotrine aloes 32 grains. 

Asafetida 32 grains. 

Soap 32 grains. 

Beat them into a mass with water, and divide into 24 pills. 
Dose : 2 to 5 pills. 

Pilulae Aloes et Mastiches (IT. S.)— Pills of Aloes and Mastic. 

Take of Socotrine aloes 48 grains. 

Mastic 12 grains. 

Red rose 12 grains. 

Beat them into a mass with water, and divide into 24 pills. 
Dose : 1 to 3 pills. 

Pilulae Aloes et Myrrhae (U. S., Br.)— Pills of Aloes and Myrrh. 

Take of Purified aloes 48 grains. 

Myrrh 24 grains. 

Aromatic powder 12 grains. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Beat them together into a mass, and divide into 24 pills. 
Dose : 3 to 6 pills. 

Pulvis Aloes et Canellae (U. S.) — Powder of Aloes and Canella. 

Take of Socotrine aloes 12 ounces. 

Canella 3 ounces. 

Bub together until thoroughly mixed. 
Dose : 10 to 20 grains. 

Suppositoria Aloes (U. S.) — Suppositories of Aloes. 

Take of Purified aloes 60 grains. 

Oil of theobroma 300 grains. 

Mix the aloes with 60 grains of the oil ; then, having melted the remain- 
der and cooled it to 95°, mix all together and pour into suitable moulds, 
making 12 suppositories. 

Used as a remedy for seat-worms. A decoction of aloes in milk or 
water, administered by enema, answers the same purpose. 

Tinctura Aloes (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Tincture of Aloes. 

Take of Socotrine aloes 1 ounce. 

Liquorice 3 ounces. 

Alcohol \ pint. 

Distilled water 1^ pint. 

Macerate seven days, and filter through paper. 
Dose : 1 to 8 drachms. 

The French and German preparations contain 1 part of aloes in 5 parts 
of alcohol. 



40 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Tinctura Aloes et Myrrhae (U. S.)— Tincture of Aloes and Myrrh. 

Take of Socotrine aloes 3 ounces. 

Myrrh 3 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack., and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



Vinum Aloes (U. S., Br.) — Wine of Aloes. 

Take of Socotrine aloes 1 ounce. 

Ginger 60 grains. 

Cardamom 60 grains. 

Sherry wine 1 pint. 

Macerate for seven days, with occasional agitation, and filter. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms, stomachic ; 1 to 2 ounces, purgative. 

Compound Decoction of Aloes (Br.). 

Take of Socotrine aloes 2 drachms. 

Myrrh 1£ drachm. 

Saffron 1J drachm. 

Carbonate of potassium 1 drachm. 

Extract of liquorice 1 ounce. 

Compound tincture of cardamoms 8 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Put the extract of aloes and myrrh with the carbonate of potassium and 
extract of liquorice in a covered vessel with 20 ounces of distilled water ; 
boil live minutes, then add the saffron, cool, add the tincture of cardamoms, 
cover closely, and macerate two hours ; finally, strain, pouring on the 
strainer enough distilled water to make the product measure 30 ounces. 

Dose : -J to 2 ounces. 

Extract of Aloes (Br., Ger.). 

Take of Socotrine (or Barbadoes) aloes 1 pound. 

Boiling distilled water 1 gallon. 

Stir well together, and after twelve hours pour off the clear liquid, 
strain the remainder, and evaporate the mixed liquids to dryness. 
Dose : 2 to 6 grains. 

VlTRIOLATED EXTRACT OF ALOES (Ger.). 

Take of Extract of aloes 8 parts. 

Distilled water 32 parts. 

Sulphuric acid 1 part. 

Mix the extract with the water, add the acid, drop by drop, then evap- 
orate to dryness. 



ALOES. 41 

Pill of Aloes and Ikon (Br., Ger.). 

Take of Sulphate of iron 1£ ounce. 

Barbadoes aloes 2 ounces. 

Compound powder of cinnamon 3 ounces. 

Confection of roses 4 ounces. 

Bub the first three ingredients together, then add the confection grad- 
ually and make a uniform mass. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 

The German Pharmacopoeia directs : dried sulphate of iron, aloes, each 
equal parts, beat into a mass with alcohol, and divide into pills of 1J grain 
each. 

Compound Tincture of Aloes (Ger., Fr.). 

Take of Aloes 9 parts. 

Gentian 1 part. 

Bhubarb 1 part. 

Zedoary 1 part. 

Saffron 1 part. 

Larch agaric 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol 200 parts. 

Prepare the tincture by digestion. 

Dose : ± to 1 drachm. A substitute for the Elixir of Life, much used 
in Europe. The French preparation is very similar. 

Compound Mixture of Aloes. 

Take of Socotrine aloes 1 ounce. 

Bicarbonate of sodium 1^ ounce. 

Glycerin 2 ounces. 

Compound spirit of lavender 2 ounces. 

Oil of peppermint 25 minims. 

Water 1 pint. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 2 drachms, stomachic and tonic ; | to 1 ounce pur- 
gative. Hospital Formulary. 

Compound Pills of Aloes. 

Take of Aloes 1 ounce. 

Extract of gentian \ ounce. 

Oil of caraway 40 minims. 

Sugar of milk . . . , sufficient. 

Mix and divide into 145 pills. Hospital Formulary. 

Pills of Aloes and Ox-Bile. 

Take of Extract of aloes 30 grains. 

Purified ox-bile 20 grains. 

Besin of podophyllum 2J grains. 

Mix and divide into 10 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill at night in chronic constipation ; 1 pill night and morning 
in acute constipation. Hospital Formulary. 



42 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Pills of Aloes and Savin. 

Take of Socotrine aloes 30 grains. 

Myrrh 30 grains. 

Extract of savin 30 grains. 

Mix and divide into 30 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three times a day. In ordinary cases of dysmenorrhea. 

Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled. 

Pells of Aloes and Hyoscyamus. 

Take of Socotrine aloes 20 grains. 

Extract of hyoscyamus 30 grains. 

Ipecac 5 grains. 

Soap 20 grains. 

Mix and divide into 20 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill morning and night. In hemorrhoids. Fordyce Barker. 

Pells of Aloes and Opium. 

Take of Socotrine aloes 10 grains. 

Sulphate of iron 20 grains. 

Extract of opium 10 grains. 

Soap 10 grains. 

Mix and divide into 20 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill morning and night. In hemorrhoids associated with 
looseness of the bowels. Fordyce Barker. 

Pell of Aloes and Belladonna. 

Take of Socotrine aloes 1-J grain. 

Extract of belladonna J grain. 

Make 1 pill. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Extract of aloes 1 grain. 

Extract of belladonna J grain. 

Make 1 pill. St. Mary's Hospital. 

Pell of Aloes and Ipecacuanha. 

Take of Extract of Socotrine aloes 1 grain. 

Ipecacuanha -i grain. 

Extract of gentian 1£ grain. 

Make 1 pill. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Pill of Aloes and Nux Vomica. 

Take of Extract of aloes 1 grain. 

Extract of nux vomica £ grain. 

Myrrh 2 grains. 

Soap sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. London Chest Hospital. 



ALOES MARSHMALLOW. 43 

Take of Extract of Socotrine aloes 1 grain. 

Extract of uux vomica i grain. 

Extract of henbane 1 grain. 

Soap l.j grain. 

Make 1 pill. St. Thomas's Hospital. 

Take of Extract of aloes 1£ grain. 

Extract of mix vomica -^ grain. 

Extract of belladonna ^ grain. 

Powdered liquorice 2 grains. 

Glycerin of tragacanth sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. University College Hospital. 



ALTELEA (d. S., Fr., Ger.)— MAES HM ALLOW. 

The root of Althaea officinalis, L. {Nat. ord., JIalvacece), an herbaceous 
perennial indigenous to Europe, but naturalized in a few places along the 
coast of New England, Xew York, and New Jersey. 

Marshmallow root abounds in mucilage and starch, which it yields to 
boiling water. It is employed internally as a demulcent, and externally 
as an emollient. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Syrup of Marshmallow (Fr.). 

Take of Marshmallow root 1 part. 

Water 6 parts. 

Syrup 30 parts. 

Macerate the root in the water for twelve hours, strain without expres- 
sion, add the syrup, and evaporate to the specific gravity 1.260. 

Troches of Marshmallow (Fr.). 

Take of Marshmallow root 10 parts. 

White sugar 100 parts. 

Tragacanth 1 part. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil the root in 4 times its weight of water, strain, and evaporate to a 
proper consistence ; add the tragacanth, then the sugar, and form into 
troches of 15 grains each. 

Decoction of Marshmallow. 

Take of Marshmallow root 4 ounces. 

Raisins, stoned 2 ounces. 

Boiling water 5 pints. 

Boil down to 3 pints and strain. Edinburgh Pharmacopoeia. 

Used freely as a demulcent drink in febrile and inflammatory affec- 
tions. 



44 MEDICAL FORMULAE Y. 



ALUMEN (U. S. et al. Ph.)— ALUM. 

Two compound sulphates are known as alums, the sulphate of alumin- 
ium and ammonium, and the sulphate of aluminium and potassium. The 
former is the Alumen of the United States and British Pharmacopoeias, while 
the latter has the title of Aluminii et Potassii Sulphas. The latter is, however, 
the only one generally found in market, and possesses all the medicinal 
virtues of the other, and is the officinal alum of the French Codex and Ger- 
man Pharmacopoeia. Alum acts as a powerful astringent upon all organic 
fibres, and hence, when locally applied, has a wide range of usefulness in 
hemorrhages and catarrhal affections. In large doses, it is a prompt and 
efficient emetic, and is one of the best to employ when it is desired merely 
to empty the stomach, without producing subsequent nausea and prostra- 
tion, as in narcotic poisoning, and especially in croup. In smaller doses, 
it is used with much success in the treatment of whooping-cough, espe- 
cially when attended with bronchitis. It moderates the cough to some 
extent, doubtless from its astringent effect upon the bronchial mucous 
membrane ; but it has a further beneficial effect which cannot be so easily 
explained. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Alumen Exsieeatum (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Dried Alum. 

Take of Alum 4 ounces. 

Subject it to a temperature not exceeding 400° until the residue weighs 
2 ounces and 120 grains. Dried alum is astringent and mildly escharotic. 
Used to repress fungous granulations. 

COLLYRIUM OF AlUM. 

Take of Alum 5 grains. 

Pose-water 1 ounCe. 

Dissolve. Used in catarrhal ophthalmia. 

COLLYBIUM OF AlUM AMD BeLLADOXXA. 

Take of Alum 4 grains. 

Extract of belladonna 7J grains. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix - 31iddlesex Hospital. 

Electuary of Alum. 

Take of Alum 2 drachms. 

Molasses or syrup 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 2 drachms every ten minutes. An excellent emetic 
in spasmodic croup. 



ALUM. 45 

Gargles of Alum. 

Take of Aluin 8 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. Mildly astringent. London Throat Hospital. 

Take of Alum 1 drachm. 

Tannic acid 1 drachm. 

Water 10 ounces. 

Mix. Astringent, G. M. Lefferts. 

Inhalation of Alum. 

Take of Alum 8 grains. 

Distilled water 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. Used by means of an atomizer. London Throat Hospital. 

Injection of Alum. 

Take of Alum 12 to 30 grains. 

Water 4 ounces. 

Dissolve. Used in gonorrhoea. Bumstead. 

Take of Alum 2 drachms. 

Water 20 ounces. 

Dissolve. Women's Hospital, London. 

Take of Alum 1 drachm. 

Sulphate of zinc \ drachm. 

Borax 4 grains. 

Kose-water 8 ounces. 

Mix. Use in chronic gonorrhoea and leucorrhcea. Bartholow. 

Lotion of Alum. 

Take of Alum 20 grains. 

Sulphate of zinc 10 grains. 

Glycerin 1 drachm. 

Kose-water 4 ounces. 

Mix. Used in erythema, intertrigo, and eczema. Tilbury Fox. 

Mixtures of Alum. 

Take of Alum 50 grains. 

Syrup of ginger 1 ounce. 

Syrup of gum arabic 1 ounce. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every four or six hours. In whooping-cough. 

Meigs and Pepper. 



46 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Alum 8 grains. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 10 minims. 

Tincture of hops 20 minims. 

Infusion of roses 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Guy's Hospital. 

Take of Alum 8 grains. 

Compound tincture of camphor (paregoric) ... 20 minims. 

Camphor-water 4 drachrus. 

AYine of ipecac 15 minims. 

Dill- water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 1^ ounce. Guy's Hospital. 

Pills of Alum. 

Take of Alum 2 drachms. 

Extract of gentian ^ drachm. 

Mix and divide into 30 pills. 

Dose : 2 pills three times a day. In gastric catarrh. Bartholow. 

Take of Alum 1 drachm. 

Extract of opium 10 grains. 

Catechu 1 drachm. 

Mix and divide into 20 pills. 

Dose : 2 pills every two, three, or four hours. In chronic diarrhoea 
and chronic dysentery. Bartholow. 

Powders of Alum. 

Take of Alum 3 grains. 

Starch \ grain. 

Mix. Use by insufflation. A mild astringent in chronic tracheitis. 

London Throat Hospital. 

Take of Alum 1 part. 

Subnitrate of bismuth 1 part-. 

Mix. Use by insufflation into the ear. Astringent. 

London Throat Hospital. 

Take of Dried alum 1 part. 

Powdered yolk of egg 1 part. 

Mix. A topical application in aphthous stomatitis. V. P. Gibney. 



AMMONIA. 



A gas which is generated during the decay of many organic substances, 
but obtained for use in medicine and the arts, by heating a mixture of 
chloride of ammonium and lime in the presence of water. It has a pun- 
gent, suffocating odor, and is freely soluble in water. 



AMMONIA. 47 

PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua Ammoniae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Water of Ammonia — Solution of 

Ammonia. 

Take of Chloride of ammonium 12 ounces. 

Lime 12 ounces. 

Water 6 pints. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Mix the lime with the water, stir well, decant the milky liquid into a 
retort, and add the chloride of ammonium. Then apply heat, and by 
means of proper apparatus, pass the gas which generates into a bottle con- 
taining the distilled water, kept ice-cold. Lastly, add sufficient distilled 
water to raise the specific gravity of the liquid to 0.960. Keep in small 
bottles, well-stopped. 

It is a transparent, colorless liquid, having a very pungent odor, and a 
strongly alkaline taste. It is a powerful diffusible stimulant, and is used 
in low typhoid conditions. Applied externally, it acts as a rubefacient and 
vesicant. 

Dose : 10 to 30 minims, diluted with water. 

Aqua Ammoniae Fortior (U. S., Br.) — Stronger Water of Ammonia. 

An aqueous solution of ammonia, of the specific gravity 0.900. Used 
externally, and in preparations. i 

The British preparation has the specific gravity 0.891. 

Linimentum Ammoniae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Liniment of Ammonia. 

Take of Water of ammonia 1 ounce. 

Olive oil (by weight) 2 ounces. 

Mix. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs the proportion of 1 to 3 ; the French 
Codex, 1 to 9 ; the German Pharmacopoeia, 1 to 4. 

Spiritus Ammoniae (U. S., Ger.) — Spirit of Ammonia. 

Take of Chloride of ammonium 12 ounces. 

Lime 12 ounces. 

Water 6 pints. 

Alcohol 20 ounces. 

Proceed as in the preparation of water of ammonia, passing the gas 
into the alcohol. Its properties are similar to those of water of ammonia, 
and it is used in like manner. 

Dose : 10 to 30 minims, diluted with water. 



48 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Spiritus Ammoniae Aromaticus (U. S., Br.) — Aromatic Spirit of Am- 
monia. 

Take of Carbonate of ammonium 1 ounce. 

Water of ammonia 3 ounces. 

Oil of lemon 2J drachms. 

Oil of nutmeg 40 minims. 

Oil of lavender 15 minims. 

Alcohol 1£ pint. 

Water sufficient. 

Dissolve the carbonate in the water of ammonia, previously mixed with 
4 ounces of water. Dissolve the oils in the alcohol, mix the solutions, and 
add sufficient water to make the whole measure 2 pints. 

Dose : ^ to 1 drachm, diluted with water. Often used as an antacid 
and stimulant in nervous and sick headache. 

The British preparation, made by distillation, is very similar. 

Anisated Spirit of Ammonia (Ger., Fr.). 

Take of Oil of Anise 1 part. 

Alcohol 24 parts. 

Water of ammonia 5 parts. 

Dissolve the oil in the alcohol, and mix with the water of ammonia. 
The proportions of the French preparation are 1, 32, 8. 

Feted Sperit of Ammonl\ (Br.). 

Take of Asafetida 1J ounce. 

Strong solution of ammonia 2 ounces. 

Rectified spirit sufficient. 

Macerate the asafetida in 15 ounces of the spirit for twenty-four hours, 
distil off the spirit, mix the product with the solution of ammonia, and add. 
sufficient rectified spirit to make 20 ounces. 

Dose : 4- to 1 drachm. 

Inhalation of Ammonia. 

Take of Solution of ammonia 4 drachms. 

"Water 4 drachms. 

Mix. One drachm in a pint of water at 80° for each inhalation. Stim- 
ulant ; useful in chronic laryngitis and functional aphonia. 

The strong salts of ammonia are very useful in cases of obstinate- 
sneezing, influenza, etc. The patient should smell the salts directly a dis- 
position to sneeze is felt. London Throat Hospital. 



AMMONIA ACETATE OF AMMONIUM. 49 

Lotion of Ammonia. 

Take of Aromatic spirit of ammonia 1 part. 

Water 8 parts. 

Mix. Shampoo for the scalp. . G. H. Fox. 

Mixtures of Ammonia. 

Take of Aromatic spirit of ammonia 20 minims. 

Spirit of ether 20 minims. 

Camphor water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Hospital. 

Take of Aromatic- spirit of ammonia 20 minims. 

Spirit of chloroform 20 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Samaritan Hospital. 

Take of Aromatic spirit of ammonia 2 drachms. 

Spirit of chloroform 2 drachms. 

Tincture of camphor 2 drachms. 

Deodorized tincture of opium 2 drachms. 

Tincture of capsicum 1 drachm. 

Mix. Dose : 20 to 30 minims, in a wineglass of water. A stimulating 
and anodyne diarrhoea mixture. A. A. Smith. 



AMMONII ACETAS— ACETATE OF AMMONIUM. 

Acetate of ammonium is used only in the following preparation : 

Liquor Ammonii Aeetatis (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Solution of Acetate of 
Ammonium— Spirit of Mindererus. 

Take of Diluted acetic acid 2 pints. 

Carbonate of ammonium . sufficient. 

Add the carbonate gradually to the acid until the latter is neutralized, 
and filter. It should be freshly made when dispensed. 
It may also be made by mixing the following solutions : 

Take of Carbonate of ammonium 640 grains. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve, filter, and add sufficient distilled water to make 1 pint. 

Take of Acetic acid 4 ounces. 

Distilled water 12 ounces. 

Mix. These solutions may be mixed in equal quantities when dis- 
pensed. 

4 



50 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Solution of acetate of ammonium is a colorless liquid, of an acetous 
odor and a saline taste. It is a very valuable diaphoretic, diuretic, and re- 
frigerant. Used in acute inflammatory and febrile affections. 

Dose : 1 to 8 drachms. 

Mixtures of Acetate of Ammonium. 

Take of Solution of acetate of ammonium 4 drachms. 

Spirit of nitrous ether J drachm. 

Camphor water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Royal Chest Hospital. 

Take of Tincture of aconite root 16 minims. 

Acetate of morphia 2 grains. 

Solution of acetate of ammonium 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 2 drachms. In the early stages of inflammatory affec- 
tions, as pneumonia, pleurisy, etc. 

Take of Solution of acetate of ammonium ^ ounce. 

Syrup of ipecacuanha 1 drachm. 

Solution of sulphate of morphia (U. S. Ph.) ... 40 drops. 

Syrup of gum arabic 1 ounce. 

"Water 1^ ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm for a child two years old, every two hours, in 
bronchitis. Meigs anal Pepper. 

Take of Solution of acetate of ammonium 1^ ounce. 

Bromide of ammonium 1 drachm. 

Syrup of ipecacuanha 3 drachms. 

Spirit of nitrous ether 3 drachms. 

Syrup of tolu to 3 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every two or three hours, in bronchitis. 

Take of Solution of acetate of ammonium 2£ drachms. 

Tincture of perchloride of iron 10 minims. 

Diluted acetic acid \ drachm. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Middlesex Hospital. 



AMMONII BENZOAS (U. S., Br., Fr.V- BENZOATE OF AM- 
MONIUM. 

Take of Benzoic acid 2 ounces. 

Water of ammonia 3£ ounces, or sufficient. 

Distilled water 4 ounces. 

Dissolve the acid in the water of ammonia previously mixed with the 
dihtilled water, evaporate with a gentle heat, adding water of ammonia, if 



BROMIDE OF AMMONIUM. 51 

necessary, to keep the liquid alkaline ; then set aside to crystallize. Dry 
the crystals without heat. 

It is in minute white crystals, having a slight odor of benzoic acid, a 
bitterish, saline taste, soluble in water and alcohol. Its medicinal effects 
are similar to those of benzoic acid, than which, however, it is much more 
soluble, and less irritating to the stomach. 

Dose : 10 to 20 grains. 



AM MOM I IJKOJIIDUM (XL S., Br.)— BROMIDE OF AMMO- 

XI DM. 

Take of Bromine 2 ounces. 

Iron wine 1 ounce. 

Water of ammonia 4^- ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Add the iron, and then the bromine, to J pint of water in a flask, loosely 
cork the flask, and agitate until the odor of bromine can no longer be per- 
ceived. Then add the water of ammonia, previously mixed with \ pint of 
distilled water, heat gently for half an hour, and filter, washing the filter 
with boiling distilled water. Lastly, evaporate in a capsule until a pellicle 
forms, then stir until it granulates. 

It is a white, granular salt, becoming yellow on exposure, of a sharp, 
saline taste, and freely soluble in water. 

Its medicinal properties are similar to those of bromide of potassium, 
though it is probably more active. Used in a great variety of nervous dis- 
eases, including epilepsy, whooping-cough, infantile convulsions, etc. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 

Mixtures of Bromide of Ammonium. 

Take of Bromide of ammonium J ounce. 

Syrup of ginger 1 ounce. 

Water 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. 

Take of Bromide of ammonium 2 drachms. 

Bromide of potassium \ ounce. 

Syrup of ginger 1 ounce. 

Water 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. 



52 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

AMMOXII OABBOXAS (U. S. et al. Ph.j— CAEBOXATE OF 

AMMOKLUM. 

Prepared by heating a mixture of chloride of aminoniuni and chalk in 
a retort, and passing the vapors into a large chamber, where they condense. 

It occurs in white, translucent, crystalline masses, having a strong odor 
of ammonia. Exposed to the air it is converted into bicarbonate of am- 
monium, and falls into a dry powder. 

It is a powerful, diffusible stimulant. Used in low fevers, and diseases 
of a marked asthenic character, as typhus, typhoid, and scarlet fevers, 
typhoid pneumonia, etc. 

Dose : 3 to 10 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Solution of Carbonate of Ammonium (Ger.). 

Take of Carbonate of ammonium 1 part. 

Distilled water 5 parts. 

Dissolve. 

Mixtures of Carbonate of Ammonium. 

Take of Carbonate of ammonium 5 grains. 

Spirit of chloroform 20 minims. 

Mucilage 2 drachms. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Boyal Chest Hospital. 

Take of Carbonate of ammonium 5 grains. 

Compound tincture of gentian 20 minims. 

Decoction of cinchona 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Royal Free Hospital. 

Take of Carbonate of ammonium 1^ drachni. 

White sugar l| drachm. 

Gum arabic l\ drachm. 

Compound spirit of lavender 2 drachms. 

Mint water 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 4- ounce. Ellis. 

Take of Carbonate of ammonium 1G grains. 

Fluid extract of squill \ 2 drachms. 

Fluid extract of seneka 2 drachms. 

Tincture of tolu 2 drachms. 

Water ^ ounce. 

Syrup to 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. Expectorant. Hospital Formulary. 



CHLORIDE OF AMMONIUM MURIATE OF AMMONIA. 53 

Take of Carbonate of ammonium 8 grains. 

Syrup of tolu J ounce. 

Water 1£ ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 draclim every two or three hours, for an infant of three 
mouths. In bronchitis. J. Lewis Smith. 

Take of Carbonate of ammonium J drachm. 

Citrate of iron and ammonium ^ drachm. 

Syrup 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 2 drachms every second or third hour. In the de- 
clining stage of scarlatina. J. Lewis Smith. 



AMMOira CHLOKIDUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CHLOK1DE OF 
AMMONIUM— MURIATE OF AMMONIA. 

Obtained from the gas-liquor of gas-works. It is in translucent masses, 
entirely volatilized by heat, of a very sharp, saline taste, and freely soluble 
in water. 

It is an alterative whose effects are exerted chiefly upon the mucous 
surfaces. Used mainly in catarrhal affections, as bronchitis, laryngitis, etc., 
though it is occasionally employed in rheumatism and neuralgia. Exter- 
nally, lotions of chloride of ammonium are used in sprains, bruises, etc. 

Dose : 5 to 30 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Ammonii Chloridum Purifieatum (U. S., Br.) — Purified Chloride of 

Ammonium. 

Take of Chloride of ammonium 20 ounces. 

Water of ammonia 5 drachms. 

Water 2 pints. 

Dissolve the chloride in the water, in a porcelain dish, with the aid of 
heat ; add the water of ammonia, filter, and evaporate to dryness, stirring 
so as to produce a granular salt. 

Dose : 5 to 30 grains. 

Lotions of Chloride of Ammonium. 

Take of Chloride of ammonium 30 grains. 

Alcohol 1 drachm. 

Distilled vinegar 1 drachm. 

Water . to 1 ounce. 

Mix, St. George's Hospital. 



54 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Chloride of ammonium 6 grains. 

Alum 6 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. For aural use. Should be introduced into the ear at about 
100°. London Throat Hospital, 

Mixtures of Chloride of Ammonium. 

Take of Chloride of ammonium 1 ounce. 

Wild-cherry bark 2 ounces. 

Water 1 pint. 

Make a cold infusion. 

Dose : 4- ounce every hour. May be used in certain forms of fibroid 
phthisis. Liquorice root may be added to improve the taste of the mixture. 

J. jR. Learning. 

Take of Chloride of ammonium 2 drachms. 

Chlorate of potassium 1 drachm. 

Cinnamon (or camphor) water 3 ounces. 

Syrup of seneka £ ounce. 

Spirit of nitrous ether ^ ounce. 

Extract of liquorice 1^- drachm. 

Mix. Dose : 4- ounce every two hours. May be used in different forms 
of sore throat, simple, croupal, or diphtheritic. Tartar emetic, belladonna, 
aconite, or tincture of iron, may be added, according to indications. 

J. R. Learning. 

Take of Chloride of ammonium \ ounce. 

Nitrate of potassium \ ounce. 

Seneka root \ ounce. 

Liquorice root 1 ounce. 

W T ater 1 pint. 

Infuse. Dose : \ ounce every half-hour. Useful in aborting an influenza 
or cold, if taken early. This combination of drugs, mixed and powdered, 
has for years been known as " White's red salts," in the vicinity of Hudson, 
N. Y. j % & Learning. 

Take of Chloride of ammonium 2 drachms. 

Camphorated tincture of opium £ ounce. 

Syrup of ipecacuanha £ ounce. 

Spirit of nitrous ether I ounce. 

Syrup of tolu \\ ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 2 drachms every three hours. 

Take of Chloride of ammonium 2 drachms. 

Brown mixture 3 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



IODIDE OF AMMONIUM. 55 

» 

Take of Chloride of ammonium 1 drachm. 

Bromide of ammonium 1 drachm. 

Spirit of nitrous ether £ ounce. 

Syrup of wild cherry 2^ ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. 

Take of Chloride of ammonium 1 drachm. 

Tincture of cubeb -^ ounce. 

Compound tincture of gentian % ounce. 

Glycerin to 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm in ± ounce of water every two hours. In follic- 
ular pharyngitis with gastric dyspepsia, A A. Smith. 

Take of Chloride of ammonium 10 grains. 

Carbonate of ammonium 5 grains. 

Camphor water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Royal Chest Hospital. 

Take of Chloride of ammonium 1 ounce. 

Fluid extract of cimicifuga 2 ounces. 

Syrup 1 ounce. 

Cherry-laurel water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm three or four times a day. In muscular rheu- 
matism. Bartholow. 

Pastilles of Chloride of Ammonium. 

Take of Chloride of ammonium 1 or 2 grains. 

Chlorate of potassium 1 grain. 

Seneka root 1 grain. 

Extract of liquorice 1 grain. 

Cubeb , 1 grain. 

Sugar sufficient. 

Gum arabic sufficient. 

Make one pastille. Used in hoarseness and slight irritation of the 
throat. J. Ii. Learning, 



AMMCMII IODIDUM (U. S.)— IODIDE OF AMMONIUM. 

Take of Iodide of potassium 4 ounces. 

Sulphate of ammonium 1 ounce. 

Boiling distilled water 2 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix the salts, add to the boiling water, cool, add 1 ounce of alcohol, 
and reduce the temperature to about 40°. Then throw the mixture into 
a cooled glass funnel, stopped with moistened cotton, wash with 1 ounce 



50 MEDICAL FORMULAKY. 

of a mixture of 2 parts of water and 1 part of alcohol, and evaporate the 
solution rapidly to dryness. 

It is a white, granular, very deliquescent salt. Occasionally used, both 
externally aud internally, as a substitute for iodide of potassium in syphilis, 
cutaneous affections, enlarged glands, etc. 

Dose : 3 to 10 grains. 



AMMOXIl NITRAS (U. S.)— NITRATE OF AMMONIUM. 

Prepared by neutralizing nitric acid with ammonia or carbonate of am- 
monium, evaporating and crystallizing. 

It is a white, crystalline, deliquescent salt. Used in preparing nitrous 
oxide gas. 



AMMOXIl SULPHAS (U. S.)— SULPHATE OF AMMONIUM. 

A colorless, crystalline salt, obtained by neutralizing coal-gas liquor 
with sulphuric acid. Used in preparations. 



AMMOXIl YALER1ANAS (U. S., Fr.)— VALERIANATE OF 

AMMONIUM. 

Take of Valerianic acid 4 ounces. 

Chloride of ammonium sufficient. 

Lime sufficient. 

From the chloride of ammonium and lime obtain gaseous ammonia, as 
in preparing water of ammonia, and pass it into the acid until the latter is 
neutralized. Then set the solution aside to crystallize, and lastly, dry the 
crystals on bibulous paper. 

It is a white salt, having the odor of valerianic acid, a sharp, sweetish 
taste, and is very soluble in water and alcohol. Used as an antispasmodic 
and nervous stimulant, in hysteria, nervous headache, etc. 

Dose : 2 to 8 grains. It may be administered in simple elixir, or in 
aqueous solution, with the addition of any aromatic tincture as a flavoring 
agent. 



AMMONIACUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— AMMONIAC. 

A gum-resin obtained from Dorema ammoniacum, Don. (Nat. ord^ Urn- 
bettiferce), an herbaceous perennial indigenous to Persia. 

It occurs in roundish grains or tears, from the size of a pea to that of a 



AMMONIAC. 57 

cherry, of ft pale., creamy color externally, and white within, growing 
darker with age. It has a peculiar, characteristic odor, and a bitter, acrid 
taste. 

Ammoniac is used internally as an antispasmodic and expectorant ; ex- 
ternally, in the form of a plaster, as a discutient. 

Dose : 6 to 12 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Emplastrum Ammoniaci (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Ammoniac Plaster. 

Take of Ammoniac 5 ounces. 

Diluted acetic acid J pint. 

Dissolve the ammoniac in the acid and strain. Then evaporate the solu- 
tion on a water-bath, stilling constantly, until it acquires a proper consist- 
ence. 

Emplastrum Ammoniaci cum Hydrargyro (U. S., Br.) — Plaster of 
Ammoniac with Mercury. 

Take of Ammoniac 1.2 ounces. 

Mercury 3 ounces. 

Olive oil GO grains. 

Sublimed sulphur 8 grains. 

Heat the oil, and add the sulphur to it gradually, stirring until they 
unite. Triturate the mercury with the mixture until globules are no longer 
visible, then add the ammoniac, previously liquefied, and mix the whole 
carefully. 

Mistura Ammoniaci (U. S., Br.) — Ammoniac Mixture. 

Take of Ammoniac 120 grains. 

Water ^ pint. 

Add the water gradually to the ammoniac, rubbing them thoroughly 
together, and strain. 
Dose : £ to 1 ounce. 

Tincture of Ammoniac (Fr.). 

Take of Ammoniac 1 part. 

Alcohol (80$) 5 parts. 

Macerate ten days, with occasional agitation, and filter. 
Dose : \ to 1 drachm. 

Mixtures of Ammoniac 

Take of Ammoniac mixture \ an ounce. 

Wine of ipecacuanha 10 minims. 

Ethereal tincture of lobelia 10 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Royal Chest Hospital. 



58 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Ammoniac 50 grains. 

Diluted nitric acid 2 drachms. 

Water 8 ounces. 

Add the acid to the water, then gradually rub the gum with the com- 
pound. 

Dose : ^ ounce two or three times a day, in the chronic catarrh of 
elderly persons. Ellis. 

Take of Compound tincture of camphor 30 minims. 

Oxymel of squill 30 minims. 

Ammoniac mixture to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Brompton Consumption Hospital 



AMYGDALA AMARA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— BITTER ALMOND. 
AMYGDALA DITLCIS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— SWEET ALMOND. 

The first named is the seed of Amygdalus communis, L., var. amara, 
DC, and the second of A. communis, L., yar. dulcis, DC. (Nat. ord., Rosa- 
ce(e), trees indigenous to Asia, but extensively cultivated in Southern Eu- 
rope and Northern Africa. These two varieties of the almond tree closely 
resemble each other, and their fruits are nearly alike in general appear- 
ance, but possess different constituents and different tastes. 

Sweet almonds are used for the extraction of almond oil, to prepare an 
emulsion, and as a food for patients suffering with diabetes. 

Bitter ahnonds are very poisonous, in large doses, owing to the hydro- 
cyanic acid which they generate when mixed with water. The essential 
oil of bitter almonds also contains hydrocyanic acid, and is very poisonous. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua Amygdalae Amarae (U. S., Ger.) — Bitter Almond Water. 

Take of Oil of bitter almond 16 minims. 

Carbonate of magnesium 60 grains. 

Distilled water 2 pints. 

Rub the oil, first with the carbonate of magnesium, and then with the 
water, added gradually, and filter. 
Dose : 1 to 3 drachms. 

Slightly sedative ; used as a vehicle for narcotic medicines. 
The concentrated bitter almond water of the German Pharmacopoeia is 
prepared by distillation, and is a very dangerous preparation. 

Mistura Amygdalae (U. S., Br., Fr.)— Almond Mixture. 

Take of Sweet almond -£ ounce. 

Gum arabic 30 grains. 

Sugar 120 grains. 

Distilled water 8 ounces. 



BITTER ALMOND SWEET ALMOND. 59 

Having blanched the almond, add the gum and sugar, and beat them 
until they are thoroughly mixed ; then rub the mixture with the water, 
gradually added, and strain. 

Demulcent and nutritive ; may be used freely. 

Oleum Amygdalae Amarae (U. S., Fr.) — Oil of Bitter Almond. 

Obtained by distillation from the kernels of bitter almonds after their 
fixed oil has been removed by expression. Its effects are due to the hy- 
drocyanic acid which it contains. . It is about four times stronger than the 
officinal acid, though it varies greatly, and is therefore unreliable. 

Dose : l to 1 minim. 



Oleum Amygdalae Expressum (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Expressed Oil of 

Almond. 
Obtained by expression from the kernels of both sweet and bitter 
almonds. It is emollient, demulcent, and nutritive, and is used for the 
same purposes as olive oil. 

Syrupus Amygdalae (XT. S., Fr., Ger.) — Syrup of Almond. 

Take of Sweet almond 12 ounces. 

Bitter almond 4 ounces. 

Sugar 72 ounces. 

Water 3 pints. 

Blanch the almonds, and rub them to a fine paste, adding, during the 
trituration, 3 ounces of water and 12 ounces of sugar. Mix the paste with 
the remainder of the water, strain, express, add the remainder of the sugar, 
and dissolve with a gentle heat. Lastly, strain through muslin, and keep 
in well-stopped bottles in a cool place. 

Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 

Slightly sedative, from the small amount of hydrocyanic acid which it 
contains. Used chiefly in cough mixtures. 

Compound Powder of Almond (Br.). 

Take of Sweet almond 8 ounces. 

Befined sugar 4 ounces. 

Gum arabic 1 ounce. 

Blanch the almonds and rub them to a smooth consistence. Mix the 
gum and sugar, and, adding them to the pulp gradually, rub the whole to 
a coarse powder. 

Two and one-half ounces of the powder, triturated with 20 ounces of 
water, forms the almond mixture of the British Pharmacopoeia. 



60 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



AMYL NITRIS (Br.)— NITRITE OF AMYL. 

An ethereal liquid produced by the action of nitric or nitrous acid 
upon arnylic alcohol. 

Nitrite of amyl is administered by inhalation in a variety of nervous and 
spasmodic affections ; but it has attracted most attention lately as an agent 
for counteracting the poisonous effects of chloroform inhalation. Its use 
for this latter purpose was first suggested by Dr. F. A. Burrall, and a num- 
ber of cases are already upon record in which it has evidently been the 
means of saving life. It may also be administered by the mouth. 

Dose : 2 to 5 minims, internally, or by inhalation. 



AMYLUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— STARCH. 

The fecula of common wheat, Triticum vulgare, Kunth. (Nat. ord., Gra- 
minece). 

In the form of mucilage, starch is often used as a vehicle for the admin- 
istration of opium, etc., by enema. Externally it is employed as a dusting- 
powder. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Glycerin of Starch (Br., Fr.). 

Take of Starch ; 1 ounce. 

Glycerin 8 ounces. 

Rub them together until they are intimately mixed, then gradually heat 
to a temperature of 240° F., stirring constantly until a translucent jelly is 
formed. 

Used as a substitute for simple ointments when grease is objectionable. 
It is, however, rather irritating, and should be diluted with one or two 
parts of water. 



Mucilage of Starch (Br., Fr.). 

Take of Starch 120 grains. 

Distilled water 10 ounces. 

Triturate the starch with the water, gradually added, then boil for a few 
minutes, constantly stirring. 



IODIDE OF STAKCH ANISEED. 61 



AMYLI IODID CM— IODIDE OF STARCH. 

Prepared by triturating starch and iodine' in the presence of a little 
water, and afterward carefully drying the product. 
Used in cutaneous diseases. 



ANGUSTURA (U. S., Br., Fr.)— ANGUSTURA. 

The bark of Galipea Cusparia, St. Hilaire (Nat. ord., Entaeew), a small 
tree indigenous to Venezuela. 

Angustura is an aromatic bitter tonic, suited to convalescence from 
acute diseases, especially in patients who are unable to bear cinchona or 
its derivatives. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Infusum Angnsturae iT. S., Br.) — Infusion of Angustura. 

Take of Angustura i ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 1 pint. 

Or, macerate the angustura in 1 pint of boiling water for two hours, 
and strain. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. Infusion of Cusparia, Br. 



AKISUM (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— ANISE— ANISEED. 

The fruit of Pimpinella anisum, L. (Nat. ord., Umbelliferw), an annual 
plant indigenous to Asia Minor, the Greek Islands, and Egypt, but culti- 
vated in many subtropical countries. 

Anise is an aromatic stimulant and carminative. It is employed to re- 
lieve the flatulent colic of infants and young children, and as an adjunct to 
other medicines. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua Anisi (U. S., Fr.) — Anise water. 

Take of Oil of anise \ drachm. 

Carbonate of magnesium 60 grains. 

Distilled water 2 pints. 

Rub the oil, first with the carbonate, then with the water, gradually 
added, and filter. 



62 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

It may also be prepared by mixing 10 ounces of powdered anise with 
16 pints of water, and distilling 8 pints. The French Codex prepares it 
by distillation. 

Used as a vehicle. 

Oleum Anisi (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Oil of Anise. 
The oil obtained from anise by distillation. 
Dose : 5 to 15 minims. 

Spiritus Anisi (U. H., Br., Fr.) — Spirit of Anise, Essence of Anise. 

Take of Oil of anise 1 ounce. 

Stronger alcohol 15 ounces. 

Dissolve. Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs the proportion of 1 to 4 ; the French 
Codex prepares it by distilling anise with alcohol. 

Oleosaccharate of Anise (Fr.). 

Take of Oil of anise ; 1 part. 

AVhite sugar 80 parts. 

Triturate them together in a mortar. 

Syrup of Arise (Fr.). 

Take of Anise water 500 parts. 

AVhite sugar- 950 parts. 

Dissolve bv agitation, and filter. 



AXT1IEM1S (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CHAMOMILE. 

The flowers of Anthemis nobilis, L. (Nat, ord., Compositce), an herba- 
ceous perennial indigenous to Europe. 

Chamomile is an aromatic, bitter tonic and stimulant. In cold infusion 
it stimulates the appetite and aids digestion ; the warm infusion in large 
doses is diaphoretic and emetic. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 
Infusum Anthemidis (U. S., Br.) — Infusion of Chamomile. 

Take of Chamomile ^ ounce. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Macerate for ten minutes and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 4 ounces. 



ANTIMONY TARTAR EMETIC. 63 

Extract of Chamomile (Br., Fr.). 

Take of Chamomile flowers 1 pound. 

Oil of chamomile 15 minims. 

Distilled water 1 gallon. 

Boil the chamomile with the water until its volume is reduced to one- 
half, strain, press, and filter. Then evaporate on a water-bath to the proper 
consistence, adding the oil at the end of the process. 

Dose : 2 to 10 grains. 

Oil of Chamomile (Br., Fr.). 
The oil obtained from chamomile flowers by distillation. It possesses 
the purely stimulant properties of the plant. 
Dose : 3 to 1 minims. 

Infused Oil of Chamomile (Fr.). 

Take of Chamomile flowers 1 part. 

Olive oil 10 parts. 

Digest for two hours in a covered vessel, strain with expression, and 
niter. 

Used as an embrocation. 



Camphorated Oil of Chamomile (Fr.). 

Take of Infused oil of chamomile 9 parts. 

Camphor 1 part. 

Dissolve and filter. 
Used like the preceding. 



AXTIMONIUM— ANTIMONY. 
Metallic antimony is not used medicinally. 



ANTIMONII ET POTASSII TARTRAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— 
TARTRATE OF ANTIMONY AND POTASSIUM— TAR- 
TAR EMETIC. 

Take of Oxide of antimony 2 ounces. 

Bitartrate of potassium 2£ ounces. 

Distilled water 18 ounces. 

Heat the water to the boiling point in a glass vessel, add the powders, 



64 MEDICAL FOKMULAKY. 

previously mixed, boil an hour, filter while hot, and set aside to crystallize. 
Lastly, dry the crystals and preserve them in a well-stopped bottle. 

It is in white crystals, of a metallic taste, and soluble in 20 parts of water. 

In small doses, tartar emetic is diaphoretic, expectorant, and nauseant ; 
in large doses, emetic, cathartic, and sedative ; in overdoses, an active 
poison. 

It was formerly much used in the acute stage of inflammatory affections, 
as bronchitis, pneumonia, pleurisy, etc., and though it has been, in a meas- 
ure, superseded by agents of a less dangerous character, it is doubtful if 
the substitution has always been wise. As an emetic, it is prompt and 
effective, but induces considerable prostration. Locally it is an irritant, 
producing an abundant pustular eruption. In the form of an ointment it 
is used as a counter-irritant. 

Dose : 3 1 T; to .} grain, diaphoretic and expectorant ; 1 to 3 grains, emetic. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Emplastrum Antimonii (U. S.) — Antimonial Plaster. 

Take of Tartrate of antimony and potassium 1 ounce. 

Burgundy pitch 4 ounces. 

Melt and strain the pitch, then add the powder, and stir until cool. 

Unguentum Antimonii (U. S. et al. Ph. )— Antimonial Ointment. 

Take of Tartrate of antimony and potassium 100 grains. 

Lard 400 grains. 

Bub them together. 

Vinum Antimonii (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Antimonial Wine. 

Take of Tartrate of antimony and potassium 32 grains. 

Boiling distilled water 1 ounce. 

Sherry wine sufficient. 

Dissolve the antimony in the water, and, while the solution is hot, add 
sufficient wine to make 1 pint. 
Dose : 5 to 60 minims. 

Mixtures of Tartar Emetic. 

Take of Tartar emetic \ grain. 

Acetate of morphia \ grain. 

Water 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every hour or two. In acute catarrh, nasal, 
pharyngeal, and bronchial. Bartholow. 



ANTIMONY. 65 

Take of Tartar emetic 1 grain. 

Chloride of ammonium 80 grains. 

Extract of liquorice 20 grains. 

Hydrochlorate of morphia 1 grain. 

Syrup of tolu 1 ounce. 

Cherry-laurel water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every two, three, or four hours. In acute in- 
flammatory affections of the air-passages. Batrtholoiv. 

Take of Tartar emetic J grain. 

Solution of acetate of ammonium 2 drachms. 

Spirit of nitrous ether 1 drachm. 

Camphor water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Women's Hospital, London. 

Take of Tartar emetic ^ grain. 

Sulphate of magnesium 1 drachm. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 

Take of Tartar emetic -J- grain. 

Nitrate of potassium 10 grains. 

"Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Pell of Tartar Emetic and Opium. 

Take of Tartar emetic \ grain. 

Opium \ to 1 grain. 

Treacle sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. Guys Hospital. 

Powder of Tartar Emetic and Ipecacuanha. 

Take of Tartar emetic 1 to 3 grains. 

Ipecacuanha ^ drachm. 

Mix and divide into 3 powders. 

Dose : 1 powder every ten or fifteen minutes until vomiting is pro- 
duced. 



ANTIMOMI OXIDUM (IT. S., Br., Fr.)— OXIDE OF ANTIMONY. 

Prepared from sulphuret of antimony. It is a grayish-white powder, 
insoluble in water, and producing the general effects of tartar emetic. It 
is, however, seldom employed, except in preparing tartar emetic. 

Dose : 2 to 3 grains. 
5 



» 



66 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

PREPARATION. 

Antimonial Powder (Br.). 

Take of Oxide of antimony 1 ounce. 

Phosphate of lime 2 ounces. 

Mix them thoroughly. 
Dose : 3 to 10 crams. 



ANTIMONII OXYSULPHURETUM (XL S., Fr., Ger.)— OXY- 
SULPIIURET OF ANTIMONY— KERMES' MINERAL. 

Prepared by boiling sulphuret of antimony in a solution of carbonate 
of sodium. It is a purplish-brown, tasteless and insoluble powder, pro- 
ducing the general effects of tartar emetic, but is less efficient and less re- 
liable. It is not much used. 

Dose : 1 to 3 grains. 



ANTIMONII SULPHURETUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SULPHURET 

OF ANTIMONY. 

Native sulphuret of antimony, purified by fusion. Used in preparations. 



ANTIMONIUM SULPIIURATUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SUL- 
PHURATED ANTIMONY— GOLDEN SULPHURET OF 
ANTIMONY. 

Prepared by boiling sulphuret of antimony in a solution of potassa, 
and adding the filtered liquid to sulphuric acid as long as it produces a 
precipitate. It is a reddish-brown, tasteless and insoluble powder, pro- 
ducing the general effects of other antimonials. It is seldom used, except 
in the following preparation. 

PREPARATION. 

Pilulae Antimonii Compositae (U. S., Br. )— Compound Pills of Anti- 
mony — Plummer's Pill. 

Take of Sulphurated antimony 12 grains. 

Mild chloride of mercury 12 grains. 

Guaiac 24 grains. 

Molasses 24 grains. 

Rub the antimony, first with the calomel, then with the guaiac and mo- 
lasses, and divide into 24 pills. 
Dose : 1 to 3 pills. 



INDIAN HEMP WATER. 67 



APOCYNUM CANNABINUM (U. S.)— INDIAN HEMP. 

The root of Apocynuin cannabinuin, L. (Nat. ord., Apocynacece), a pe- 
rennial herb indigenous to North America. 

In large doses apocynuin is a powerful emeto-cathartic ; in smaller 
doses its action is exerted mainly upon the skin and kidneys, producing 
diaphoresis and diuresis. It has been most frequently employed in dropsy, 
especially when dependent upon cardiac or hepatic disease. 

Apocynuin andros?emifohum, L. (Dogs' Bane), quite as common as the 
above named species, possesses similar properties, but is believed to be less 
active. 

Dose : of the dried root, 5 to 10 grains, diaphoretic and diuretic ; 15 
to 30 grains, emetic. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Decoction of Apocynum. 

Take of Apocynum £ ounce. 

Water 1$ pint. 

Boil to 1 pint. Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Oleoresin of Apocynum — Apocynin. 

Prepared in the same manner as oleoresin of iris, which see. 

Dose : £ to 3 grains. J. U. Lloyd, 



APORMORPELE HYDROCRLORAS — HYDROCHLORATE 
OF APOMORPHIA. 

Obtained by the action of hydrochloric acid upon morphia at a temper- 
ature of about 300°, in a sealed tube. It is a crystalline substance, readily 
soluble in water, and is a prompt and violent emetic. It is chiefly ad- 
ministered hypodermically in cases of great urgency, as in poisoning. 

Dose : -^ to ^ grain, hypodermically. 



AQUA— WATER. 



Aqua Destillata (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Distilled Water. 

Take of water 80 pints. 

Distil 2 pints, using a tin or glass condenser, and throw them away ; 
then distil 64 pints, and keep in well-stopped bottles. 



08 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Though distilled water is directed for most of the preparations in which 
water is employed, in many of them pure river or rain water, after boiling, 
may be substituted. 

The medicated waters are treated of under the various drugs used in 
their preparation, excej}t the following : 



Aqua Chlorini (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Chlorine Water. 

Take of Black oxide of manganese -| ounce. 

Hydrochloric acid (by weight) 3 ounces. 

Water 4 ounces. 

Distilled water 20 ounces. 

Introduce the oxide into a flask, add the acid previously diluted with 2 
ounces of the water, heat gently, and, by means of proper apparatus, pass 
the gas which generates through the remainder of the water and into a four- 
pint bottle containing the distilled water. 

Chlorine water is used as an antiseptic and disinfectant. 

Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 



Cherry-Laurel Water (Br., Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Fresh leaves of cherry-laurel 1 pound. 

Water 50 ounces. 

Cho]}, crush and bruise the leaves, macerate them in the water for 
twenty-four hours, then distil 20 ounces. 

Dose : 5 to 30 minims. 

It owes its virtues to the hydrocyanic acid which it contains ; but, as the 
percentage of acid is very variable, the preparation is uncertain. It is bet- 
ter to use the officinal acid. 



ARGENTUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SILVER. 

Metallic silver is without medicinal properties. 

The following compounds of silver are employed in medicine and 
pharmacy. 

ARGENTI CYANIDUM (U. S.)— CYANIDE OF SILVER. 

A white, tasteless and insoluble powder. Used in preparing diluted 
hydrocyanic acid. 






IODIDE OF SILVER NITRATE OF SILVER. 69 



AKGENTI 10DIDI7M— IODIDE OF SILVER 

Obtained by mixing solutions of iodide of potassium and nitrate of sil- 
ver. It is a greenish yellow powder, producing, when administered inter- 
nally, the general effect of nitrate of silver, with the asserted advantage of 
not discoloring the skin. 

Dose : 1 to 2 grains. 



AEGEXTI NITKAS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— NITKATE OF SILVER 

Take of Silver, in small jrieces 2 ounces. 

Nitric acid by (weight) 24- ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Add the silver to the acid previously mixed with 1 ounce of distilled 
water in a capsule, cover with an inverted funnel, heat gently until the sil- 
ver is dissolved, then remove the funnel, evaporate to dryness and melt the 
mass, stirring until all free nitric acid is expelled. Dissolve, when cold, in 
6 ounces of distilled water, decant the clear solution, mix the residue with 
1 ounce of distilled water, filter, add the filtrate to the decanted solution, 
evaporate, and crystallize. Drain the crystals, and preserve them in a well- 
stopped bottle. 

It is a heavy, colorless salt, soluble in water, and possessing caustic 
properties. 

Applied locally, nitrate of silver acts as a caustic, the cauterized surface 
turning brown or black when exposed to light. 

Taken internally it is tonic, astringent, and antispasmodic. It is used 
in dysentery, diarrhoea, gastric ulcer, epilepsy, chorea, etc. When admin - 
istered for too great a length of time, it produces a blue discoloration of 
the skin, which is indelible. Topically it is employed as a caustic in chan- 
cres and other specific sores, and, in solution, to produce healthy granu- 
lations upon wounds and ulcers, as an injection in gonorrhoea, etc. 

Dose : J to 2 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Argenti Nitras Fusa (TJ. S., Fr., Ger.)— Fused Nitrate of Silver. 
Take of Nitrate of silver sufficient. 

Melt in a porcelain capsule, continuing the heat until frothing ceases, 
then pour into suitable moulds. 
Used as a caustic. 




70 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Nitrated Lunar Caustic (Ger.). 

Take of Crystallized nitrate of silver 1 part. 

Nitrate of potassium 2 parts. 

Rub them together, melt in a porcelain vessel, and pour into suitable 
moulds. Much milder in action than the preceding. 

COLLYRIUM OF NlTRATE OF SlLVER. 

Take of Nitrate of silver 1 to 5 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. In common use. 

Injection of Nitrate of Silver. 

Take of Nitrate of silver 1 to If grain. 

Water 6 ounces. 

Dissolve. Use every three hours in the first stage of gonorrhoea, to 
abort the disease. Bumstead. 

Lotion of Nitrate of Silver. 

Take of Nitrate of silver 2 to 10 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Used in eczema and erythema. Tilbury Fox. 

Mixture of Nitrate of Silver. 

Take of Nitrate of silver 1 grain. 

Diluted nitric acid 8 minims. 

Deodorized tincture of opium 8 minims. 

Mucilage of gum arabic -J ounce. 

Syrup ^ ounce. 

Cinnamon-water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every three, four, or six hours, for a child one 
year old. In cholera infantum, after the acuter symptoms have subsided. 

Bartholow. 

Pills of Nitrate of Silver. 

Take of Nitrate of silver 3 grains. 

Powdered opium . . 6 grains. 

Powdered ipecac 6 grains. 

Mix and make 12 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill every four or six hours. In the diarrhoea of typhoid fever. 

Bartholoiv. . 

Take of Nitrate of silver 15 grains. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Extract of belladonna 10 grains. 

Oil of cloves 10 minims. 

Powdered gentian sufficient. 

Extract of gentian sufficient. 

Mix and divide into 60 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three times a day. In chronic gastric catarrh. Frerichs. 



OXIDE OF SILVER ARNICA FLOWERS AND ROOT. 7l 

Take of Nitrate of silver -J- grain. 

Dover's powder 2 grains. 

Mucilage sufficient to make 1 pill. London Chest Hospital, 

Take of Nitrate of silver -J grain. 

Opium J grain. 

Extract of henbane I grain. 

Make 1 pill. London Fever Hospital 

Powder of Nitrate of Silver. 

Take of Nitrate of silver 5 to 40 grains. 

Sulphate of potassium 1 J drachm. 

Subuitrate of bismuth to 1 ounce. 

Mix and make a powder. To be blown with a powder-blower into the 
anterior and posterior nares, daily, or on alternate days, in naso-pharyngeal 
catarrh with muco-purulent discharge. The surfaces should first be 
cleansed with a solution of sodium nitrate. Andrew H. Smith. 



AKGENTI OXIDUM (IT. S., Br.)— OXIDE OF SILVER. 

Take of Nitrate of silver 4 ounces. 

Distilled water -J- pint. 

Solution of potassa 1^- pint or sufficient. 

Dissolve the nitrate in the water, and to the solution add solution of po- 
tassa as long a^ it produces a precipitate. Collect, wash, and dry the pre- 
cipitate. It is an olive-brown powder, slightly soluble in water. Taken 
internally it produces the general effects of nitrate of silver. 

Dose : -^ to 2 grains. 

Pills of Oxide of Silver. 

Take of Oxide of silver 5 grains. 

Extract of hyoscyamus 5 grains. 

Mix and divide into 10 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three times a day, before meals. In nervous dyspepsia, 
and chronic gastric catarrh. Bartholow. 

Take of Oxide of silver -§- grain. 

Extract of hops 2 grains. 

Make 1 pill. London Chest Hospital. 



ARNICA FLORES (IT. S., Fr., Ger.)— ARNICA FLOWERS. 
ARNIC/E RADIX (Br., Fr., Ger.)— ARNICA ROOT 

The flowers and root of Arnica montana, L. {Nat. ord., Composite^), a 
small, perennial herb indigenous to Central and Northern Europe. 



72 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Both flowers and root of arnica act as irritants when taken internally or 
applied externally, and hence the plant has been found most useful in 
cases requiring stimulation. Arnica has been employed internally in a 
great variety of affections, but is at present little used in this country, ex- 
cept as an external application to bruises, sprains, etc. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Emplastrum Arnieae (U. S.) — Arnica Plaster. 

Take of Extract of arnica 1-J- ounce. 

Resin plaster 3 ounces. 

Melt the plaster, then add the extract and mix thoroughly. 

Extractum Arnieae (U. S.) — Extract of Arnica. 

Take of Arnica flowers 24 ounces. 

Alcohol. . . 4 pints. 

Water 2 pints. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Mix the alcohol and water, and make a tincture by percolation, con- 
tinuing with diluted alcohol until 6 pints are obtained. Evaporate to the 
proper consistence. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 

Tinctura Arnicas (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Tincture of Arnica. 

Take of Arnica flowers 6 ounces. 

Alcohol . . 1% pint. 

Water % pint. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Mix the alcohol and water, moisten, pack and percolate the arnica with 
the mixture, continuing with diluted alcohol until 2 pints are obtained. 

Dose : 5 to 30 minims. 

The British preparation is made with the root, in the proportion of 1 to 
20. The French Codex prepares also a tincture from the fresh plant. 

Infusion of Arnica. 

Take of Arnica flowers or root -J- ounce. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Infuse for half an hour in a covered vessel, and strain. 
Dose : $ to 1 ounce, chiefly externally. 



ARSENICUM— ARSENIC. 

The most important of the medicinal compounds of arsenic are treated 
of elsewhere. See Arsenious Acid and Solution of Arsenite of Potassium. 



CHLOEIDE OF ARSENIC IODIDE OF ARSENIC. 73 



ARSENICI CIILORIDtTM— CHLORIDE OF ARSENIC. 

PREPARATION. 

Liquor Arsenici Chloridi (XL S., Br.) — Solution of Chloride of Arsenic. 

Arsenious acid 64 grains. 

Hydrochloric acid 2 drachms. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Boil the arsenious acid with the hydrochloric acid and 4 ounces of the 
distilled water, until it is dissolved, and, w r hen cold, add sufficient distilled 
water to make 1 pint. 

Dose : 2 to eight minims. 

It has the same strength as Fowler's solution — 4 grains to an ounce — 
and is used for the same purposes, though it is said to be less reliable. 



ARSEXICI IODIDUM (U. S.)— IODIDE OF ARSENIC. 

Take of Arsenic 60 grains. 

Iodine 300 grains. 

Rub them together thoroughly, then heat in a flask until liquefaction 
occurs, cool, break in pieces, and keep in a well-stopped bottle. It is an 
orange-red, crystalline compound, completely soluble in water. Used as 
an alterative in skin diseases. 

Dose : T \ to T V grain. 

Pills of Iodide of Arsenic 

Take of Iodide of arsenic 2 grains. 

Manna 4 grains. 

Mucilage sufficient. 

Mix, and divide into 20 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three times a day, in psoriasis. Tilbury Fox. 

Liquor Arsenici et Hydrargyri lodidi (XJ. S.) — Solution of Iodide 
of Arsenic and Mercury. 

Iodide of arsenic 35 grains. 

Red iodide of mercury 35 grains. 

Distilled water i pint. 

Rub the iodides with \ ounce of the water until dissolved, then add the 
remainder of the water, and filter. 

Dose : 2 to 10 minims. 

Commonly known as Donovan's Solution. Used in skin diseases, espe- 
cially those of a chronic or syphilitic character. 



74 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

ASAFCETIDA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— ASAFETIDA. 

A gum-resin obtained by incisions made into the living roots of Ferula 
Narthex, Boiss., and Ferula Scorodesma, B. et H. (Nat. ord., Umbelliferce), 
large herbaceous perennials indigenous to Asia. 

It occurs in masses of tears varying in size, consistence, and color, but 
of an odor which is characteristic and unmistakable. Its taste is acrid, 
bitter, and disagreeable. 

Asafetida is an antispasmodic and nervine. Used in hysteria, asthma, 
whooping-cough, and a variety of other nervous diseases. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Emplastrum Asafcetidae (U. S., Ger.) — Asafetida Plaster. 

Take of Asafetida 12 ounces. 

Lead plaster 12 ounces. 

Galbanum 6 ounces. 

Yellow wax 6 ounces. 

Alcohol 3 pints. 

Dissolve the gums in the alcohol, on a water-bath, strain, and evaporate 
to the consistence of honey ; then add the plaster and wax, previously 
melted, stir well, and evaporate to the proper consistence. 

Mistura Asafcetidae (TJ. S., Br.) — Asafetida Mixture. 

Take of Asafetida 120 grains. 

Water £ pint. 

Rub together until thoroughly mixed. 

Dose : \ to 1 ounce. Often used by enema in hysterical and infantile 
convulsions. Enema of Asafetida, Br. 

Pilulae Asafcetidae (U. S.)— Pills of Asafetida. 

Take of Asafetida 72 grains. 

Soap 24 grains. 

Beat them together into a pilular mass, and divide into 24 pills. 
Dose : 2 to 4 pills. See also Pilulce Galbani Composites. 

Suppositoria Asafcetidae (TJ. S.)— Suppositories of Asafetida. 

Take of Tincture of asafetida 1 ounce. 

Oil of theobroma 320 grains. 

Evaporate the tincture to the consistence of a thick syrup, mix it with 
1 drachm of the oil ; then, having melted the remainder, mix thoroughly, 
and pour into suitable moulds, making 12 suppositories. 



PLEUKL3Y ROOT. TD 

Tinctura AsafcetidaB (IT. S. et aL Ph.) — Tincture of Asafetida. 

Take of Asafetida 4 ounces. 

Alcohol 2 pints. 

Macerate for seven days and filter. 

Dose : 4- to 1 drachm. 

The French Codex prepares also an ethereal tincture. 

Mixtures of Asafetida. 

Take of Asafetida mixture 4 ounces. 

Chloride of ammonium 1 drachm. 

Mix. Dose : 4- ounce, as necessary. In the cough maintained by 
habit, which may succeed whooping-cough, and the sympathetic cough of 
mothers whose children have whooping-cough. Bartholow. 

Take of Tincture of asafetida , ^ drachm. 

Tincture of valerian 1 drachm. 

Carbonate of ammonium mixture ^ ounce. 

Mucilage of tragacanth \ ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Charing Cross Hospital. 

Pill of Asafetida and Iron. 

Take of Asafetida 2 grains. 

Sulphate of iron 1 grain. 

Extract of gentian 1 grain. 

Make 1 pill. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Pill of Asafetida and Zinc. 

Take of Compound asafetida pill 4 grains. 

Sulphate of zinc 1 grain. 

Make 1 pill. London Chest Hospital. 



ASCLEPIAS TUBEEOSA (U. S.)— PLEUEISY EOOT. 

The root of Asclepias tuberosa, L. (Nat. ord., Asclepiadacece), an herba- 
ceous perennial indigenous to North America. 

The root of A. incamata, L., and of A. Syriaca, L., two other common 
species, possess the same properties as the above, though perhaps to a less 
degree. 

Asclepias, in moderate doses, acts as a diuretic and diaphoretic ; in large 
doses as an emetic. It is used in the earlier stages of bronchitis, pleurisy, 
pneumonia, rheumatism, etc. 

Dose : of the powdered root, 20 to 60 grains. 



76 MEDICAL FORMULAKY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Decoction of Pleurisy Root. 

Take of Pleurisy root 1 ounce. 

Boiling- water 1 pint. 

Boil for half au hour, strain and add sufficient water to make 1 pint. 
Dose : 1 to 4 ounces. 

Oleoresin of Aselepias — Asclepidin. 

Prepared in the same manner as oleoresin of iris, which see. 

Dose : 1 to 5 grains. J. V. Lloyd. 



ATROPIA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— ATROPIA. 

Take of Belladonna root 48 ounces. 

Purified chloroform (by weight) 4| ounces. 

Diluted sulphuric acid sufficient. 

Solution of potassa sufficient. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Percolate the belladonna with the alcohol until 16 pints are obtained; 
reduce to 4 pints by distilling off the alcohol. Acidulate this with diluted 
sulphuric acid, evaporate to J pint, add an equal bulk of water, and filter. 
To the filtered liquid add, first, H ounce of chloroform, then solution of 
potassa in slight excess, and shake occasionally for half an hour. "When 
the heavier liquid has subsided, separate it, add 1^ ounce of chloroform to the 
lighter liquid, shake, and separate as before. Repeat with the remainder 
of the chloroform, mix the heavier liquids in a capsule, and set aside until, 
by evaporation, the atropia is left dry. 

Atropia, thus prepared, is in yellowish-white crystals, odorless, of an 
acrid taste, soluble in 300 parts of water, 25 of ether, and in a smaller 
proportion of alcohol. 

It produces essentially the same effects as belladonna. 
Dose : T -J- ¥ to 4 Z grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Atropiae Sulphas (U. S. et al. Ph. )— Sulphate of Atropia. 

Take of Atropia 60 grains. 

Stronger ether 4| ounces. 

Sulphuric acid 6 grains. 

Alcohol 1 drachm. 

Dissolve the atropia in the ether, mix the alcohol and acid, and carefully 
drop the mixture into the ethereal solution. "When the sulphate has been 
deposited, decant the ether and dry the salt. 

Dose : jfa to -^ grain. It is very soluble, and on this account is gen- 
erally used instead of the alkaloid. 



ORANGE— ORANGE FLOWERS. 77 

Solution of Atropia (Br.). 

Take of Atropia 4 grains. 

Rectified spirit 1 drachm. 

Distilled water 7 drachms. 

Dissolve the atropia in the spirit, and add this gradually to the water, 
shaking them together. 

The British Pharmacopoeia prepares also a solution of sulphate of 
atropia, 4 grains to 1 ounce. Used hypoderinically, and instilled into the 
eyes to dilate the pupil 

Ointment of Atropia (Br*.). 
Take of Atropia 8 grains. 

Rectified spirit -J- drachm. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

Dissolve the atropia in the spirit, add the lard, and mix thoroughly. 

Mixtures of Atropia. 

Take of Sulphate of atropia 1 grain. 

Sulphate of zinc ^ drachm 

Distilled water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 3 to 5 drops, twice or thrice a day. In gastralgia and 
gastric ulcer. Bartholow. 

Take of Atropia | grain. 

Diluted hydrochloric acid 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 5 drops in water, before meals. In heart-burn, water- 
brash, etc. Bartholow. 

AITRANTIUM— ORANGE. 

AURANTII AMARI CORTEX (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— BITTER 

ORANGE PEEL. 

The rind of the fruit of Citrus vulgaris, Risso (Nat. ord., Aurantiacem), 
a tree indigenous to India, but cultivated in most warm countries. 



AURANTII DULCIS CORTEX (U. S., Fr.)— SWEET ORANGE 

PEEL. 

The rind of the fruit of Citrus Aurantium, Risso, a tree of the same 
origin, and having the same distribution as the bitter orange. 

AURANTII FLORES (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— ORANGE FLOWERS. 

The flowers of either of the above named species of orange. 
The British Pharmacopoeia recognizes also the fruit of the bitter orange, 
and the French Codex that of the sweet orange. 



78 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Orange peel is an aromatic bitter. Used as a flavoring agent and as an 
adjunct to other medicines. 

Dose : ^ to 1 drachm. 

Orange flowers yield a fragrant, volatile oil, and are used, chiefly in the 
form of orange flower water, as a vehicle. 



PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua Aurantii Florum (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Orange Flower Water. 

Take of Kecent orange flowers 48 ounces. 

Water # 16 pints. 

Mix them, and, by means of steam, distil 8 pints. Used as a vehicle. 

Confectio Aurantii Cortieis (U. S.) — Confection of Orange Peel. 

Take of Kecent sweet orange peel, grated 12 ounces. 

Sugar 36 ounces. 

Beat them together. 
Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 

Syrupus Aurantii Cortieis (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Syrup of Orange PeeL 

Take of Sweet orange peel, recently dried 2 ounces. 

Carbonate of magnesium \ ounce. 

Sugar 28 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Percolate the orange peel with alcohol until 6 ounces of tincture are 
obtained. Evaporate this, at or below 120°, to 2 ounces, add the carbo- 
nate and 1 ounce of sugar, and rub them together, adding gradually 4- pint 
of water. Then filter, add water to 1 pint, and dissolve in it the remainder 
of the sugar with a gentle heat, and strain. 

Used as a vehicle. 

The British, French, and German preparations are made with bitter 
orange peel. 

Syrupus Aurantii Florum (U. S. etal. Ph.) — Syrup of Orange Flowers. 

Take of Orange flower water 20 ounces. 

Sugar 36 ounces. 

Dissolve with a gentle heat. Used as a vehicle. 

Tinctura Aurantii (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Tincture of Orange. 

Take of Bitter orange 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

The British Pharmacopoeia prepares also a tincture from the fresh peel, 
and the French Codex one from fresh sweet orange peel. 



GOLD AZEDARACH. 79 

Infusion of Orange Peel (Br.). 

Take of Bitter orange peel -J ounce. 

Boiling distilled water 10 ounces. 

Infuse in a covered vessel for fifteen minutes, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Compound Infusion of Orange Peel (Br.). 
Take of Bitter orange peel ^ ounce. 

Fresh lemon peel 60 grains. 

Cloves 30 grains. 

Boiling distilled water 10 ounces. 

Infuse in a covered vessel for fifteen minutes, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 



AURUM (Fr., Ger.)— GOLD. 

Metallic gold, in a very finely divided state, is occasionally used in syph- 
ilis, and in some diseases of the skin. It may be prepared by triturating 
gold leaf with sulphate of potassium or sugar of milk, and then washing 
out the triturant with water. 

Dose : J to 1 grain. Applied by frictions to the sides of the tongue. 



AURI CHLORIDUM (Fr.)— CHLORIDE OF GOLD. 

Prepared by dissolving gold leaf in nitro-hydrochloric acid, evaporat- 
ing, and crystallizing. 
Dose : T V to T V grain. 



AURI ET SODII CHLORIDUM (Fr., Ger.)— CHLORIDE OF 
GOLD AND SODIUM. 

Prepared by dissolving 10 parts of gold leaf in nitro-hydrochloric acid, 
evaporating to a syrupy consistence, adding an equal volume of water, and 
then 3 parts of chloride of sodium. The mixture is then evaporated to 
dryness, on a sand-bath. 

Dose : -^ to T V grain. 



AZEDARACH (U. S.)— AZEDARACH. 

The bark of the root of Melia Azedarach, L. (Nat. ord., Meliacece), a tree 
indigenous to India and China, but cultivated for ornament in the Southern 
United States. 

Azedarach is emetic and cathartic, and in large doses produces narcotic 
effects similar to those of spigelia. It is used in the Southern States as a ver- 
mifuge for lumbricoid worms, and is considered nearly as efficient as spigelia. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



80 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



PREPARATION. 



Decoction of Azedarach. 

Take of Azedarach 4 ounces. 

Water 1J pint. 

Boil to 1 pint and strain. 

Dose : 1 ounce every two or three hours. 



BALSAM UM PERUVIANUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— BALSAM OF 

PERU. 

A semi-liquid balsam obtained from Myroxylon Pereirse, KLotzsch (Nat. 
ord., Leguminosce), a tree indigenous to Central America. 

Balsam of Peru is of a light brown color, in thin layers perfectly trans- 
parent, and has a very agreeable odor, and a warm, pungent taste. Taken 
internally it acts as a stimulant to the mucous membranes, and is occa- 
sionally used in catarrhal affections. Externally it is employed as a stimu- 
lating dressing for indolent ulcers, wounds, etc. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Syrup or Balsam of Peru (Ger.). 

Take of Balsam of Peru 1 part. 

Distilled water 11 parts. 

Digest for several hours with frequent agitation, decant, and filter. To 
10 parts of the filtrate, add 18 parts of sugar, and dissolve. 
Dose : 1 to 3 drachms. 

Mtxture of Balsam of Peru. 
Take of Balsam of Peru 25 minims. 

Honey . . 40 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Guy's Hospital. 



BALSAMUM TOLLTTANLTM (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— BALSAM OF 

TOLL. 

A semi-liquid balsam obtained from Myroxylon Toluifera, H. B. K. 
(Nat. ord., Leguminosce), a tree indigenous to the northern part of South 
America. 

AYhen first imported it has a soft consistence, but by age it becomes 
hard and brittle. It is of a reddish-brown color, an agreeable odor, and 
a sweetish, pungent taste. Like balsam of Peru, it acts as a stimulant to 
the mucous membranes, and is used in catarrhal affections. Owing to its 
agreeable odor and taste, it is often employed in cough syrups and mixtures. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 



AVILD INDIGO. 81 

PREPARATIONS. 

Sympus Tolutanus (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Syrup of Tolu. 

Take of Tincture of tolu 2 ounces. 

Carbonate of magnesium 120 grains. 

Sugar 26 ounces. 

Water 1 pint. 

Rub the tolu with the carbonate of magnesium and 2 ounces of sugar, 
then with the water, gradually added, and hlter. Dissolve the remainder 
of the sugar in the filtered liquid with a gentle heat, and strain. 

Ds( 1 as a vehicle, chiefly in cough mixtures. 

tetura Tolutana (T. S.. Br., Fr.)— Tincture of Tolu. 

Take of Balsam of tolu 3 ounces. 

Alcohol 2 pints. 

Macerate until dissolved, and filter. 
Dose : 15 to 40 minims. 



BAPTISIA— WILD INDIGO. 

The root of Baptisia tinctoria, K. Br. (Nat. ord., Leguminosce), an her- 
>aceous perennial indigenous to the United States and Canada. 

In the early part of the present century, baptisia was considered useful 
in low fevers and as a topical application to unhealthy ulcers. It is largely 
employed at the present day, by homceopathists, in the treatment of typhoid 
fever, and careful experiments seem to justify their esteem of it. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Decoction of Baptisia. 

Take of Fresh root of baptisia 1 ounce. 

Boiling water ■ 1£ pint. 

Boil to 1 pint and strain. 
Dose : ^ to 1 drachm. 

Tincture of Baptisia. 

Take of Fresh root of baptisia 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol 2 parts. 

Macerate fourteen days, and filter. 

Dose : 2 to 5 drops hourly in the early stages of typhoid fever. The 
best effects have been obtained from small doses, frequently repeated. 

6 



82 MEDICAL FOKMULARY. 



BEL^E FPJJCTUS (Br.)— BAEL FEUIT. 

The dried, half-ripe fruit of iEgle Marmelos, DC. (Nat. ord., Auran- 
tiacece), a mediuin-sized tree indigenous to India. 

Bael fruit is an astringent, which is very useful in chronic relaxation of 
the bowels. It is not administered in substance. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Liquid Extract of Bael (Br.). 

Take of Bael fruit 1 pound. 

Distilled water 12 pints (imp.). 

Rectified spirit 2 ounces. 

Macerate the bael for twelve hours in one-third of the water ; pour off 
the clear liquor ; repeat a second and third time for one hour in the re- 
mainder of the water, express, filter the mixed liquids, evaporate to 14 
ounces, and, when cold, add the spirit. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Decoction of Bael Fruit. 

Take of Bael fruit 1 ounce. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Make a decoction. Dose : a small wineglassful three times a day. 

James Knight. 

Dr. Knight writes : "I have used bael fruit for eighteen years, having 
imported it for my own use, and have found it one of the most efficient 
remedies for the cure of chronic diarrhoea." 



BELLADONNA— BELLADONNA. 

BELLADONNAS FOLIA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— BELLADONNA 

LEAVES. 

BELLADONNA KADIX (U. S. et al. Ph.)— BELLADONNA 

BOOT. 

The leaves and root of Atropa Belladonna, L. (Nat. ord., Solanaeece), an 
herbaceous perennial, indigenous to Europe, but occasionally cultivated in 
this country. 

Belladonna is an acro-narcotic, and may produce its characteristic ef- 
fects when applied externally as well as when taken internally. Among 
these effects, are dilation of the pupil, with dimness of vision, redness, dry- 
ness, and heat of the fauces, flushing of the face, an efflorescence upon the 



BELLADONNA. 83 

skin, and delirium. In overdoses it is an active poison. It owes its ac- 
tivity to an alkaloid, named atropia, which is capable of producing all the 
effects of the erode drug. 

Belladonna is administered internally for its narcotic effects in a great 
variety of painful affections, and in some of a convulsive character. It is 
also useful in nocturnal incontinence of urine, constipation, etc. Exter- 
nally it is applied to painful tumors, inrlamed breasts, to check the secre- 
tion of milk, and is instilled into the eye to dilate the pupil in iritis, and 
to facilitate ophthalmoscopic examinations. 

It is used by many as an antidote to opium. 

Dose : Of the leaves, 1 to 10 grains ; of the root, 1 to 5 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Emplastrum Belladonnae (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Belladonna Plaster. 

Take of Belladonna root 16 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Resin plaster sufficient. 

Macerate the belladonna in 1 pint of alcohol for four days, then per- 
colate to 2 pints, evaporate to the consistence of a soft extract, and add 
sufficient resin plaster, previously melted, to make the whole weigh 16 
ounces. 

The British and French preparations are made with the extract. 

Extraetum Belladonnae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Extract of Belladonna. 
Take of Belladonna leaves, fresh 12 ounces. 

Bruise the leaves, sprinkling on them a little water, and express the 
juice ; heat this to the boiling point, strain, and evaporate to the proper 
consistence. 

Dose : J to 1 grain. As the preparation found in the shops is of uncer- 
tain strength, caution is necessary in increasing the dose. 

The British, French, and German extracts are similar to the above, and 
of about the same strength. 

Extraetum Belladonnas Alcoholieum (U. S.) — Alcoholic Extract of 

Belladonna. 

Take of Belladonna leaves 24 ounces. 

Alcohol . 4 pints. 

Water 2 pints. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Mix the alcohol and water, and prepare a tincture by percolation, con- 
'• tinuing the process with diluted alcohol until 6 pints are obtained. Evap- 
- orate this, on a water-bath, to the proper consistence. 



84 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Dose : ^ to ^ grain. Rather more reliable than the preceding, but 
still of uncertain strength, since it is prepared from dry leaves, which may- 
have undergone deterioration by long keeping. 

Extr actum Belladonnae Radicis Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of 

Belladonna Root. 

Take of Belladonna root 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 12 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 1 of water ; moisten the 
belladonna with 4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the 
general formula, page 161. 

Dose : 1 to 5 minims. 

Suppositoria Belladonnas (U. S.) — Suppositories of Belladonna. 

Take of Alcoholic extract of belladonna 6 grains. 

Oil of theobroma 354 grains. 

Water sufficient. 

Rub the extract with a drop or two of water, then mix it thoroughly 
with 60 grains of the oil, add the remainder, previously melted and cooled 
to 95°, and pour into suitable molds, making 12 suppositories. 

Tinetur a Belladonnae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Tincture of Belladonna. 

Take of Belladonna leaves, recently dried 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 

Dose : 15 to 30 minims. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs the proportion of 1 to 20 ; the 
French Codex, 1 to 5 ; while the German Pharmacopoeia macerates 5 parts 
of the fresh leaves in 6 parts of alcohol. The French Codex also prepares 
a tincture from the fresh leaves. 

Unguentum Belladonnas (U. S., Br., Ger.)— Ointment of Belladonna. 

Take of Extract of belladonna 60 grains. 

Water i drachm. 

Lard 420 grains. 

Rub the extract first with the water, then with the lard, gradually added. 

Liniment of Belladonna (Br.). 

Take of Belladonna root 20 ounces. 

Camphor 1 ounce. 

Rectified spirit sufficient. 

Macerate the belladonna with some of the spirit for three days, then 
percolate it with enough more, into a receiver containing the camphor, to 
make 20 ounces. 



BELLADONNA. 85 

This is one of the best of all belladonna preparations, for external use. 
A number of other preparations of belladonna are officinal with the 
Trench, but as they are of no special importance they are omitted. 

MIXTURES of Belladonna. 

Take of Extract of belladonna 4 grains. 

Syrup of opium 1 ounce. 

Syrup of orange flowers ' 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm several times a day, in whooping-cough. 

Irousseau and Pidoux. 

Take of Extract of belladonna 1 grain. 

Alum £ drachm. 

Syrup of ginger 1 ounce. 

Syrup of gum arabic 1 ounce. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm four times a day, in whooping-cough. 

Meigs and Pepper. 

Take of Tincture of belladonna 2 drachms. 

Tincture of aconite root 1 drachm. 

Mix. Dose : 4 drops in water every hour or two. In ordinary sore 
throat. Bartholow. 

Pells of Belladonna. 

Take of Extract of belladonna 4 grains. 

Extract of stramonium 5 grains. 

Extract of hyoscyamus 5 grains. 

Sulphate of quinia 40 grains. 

Mix and divide into 20 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three times a day. In dysmenorrhoea of a neuralgic char- 
acter, and in ovarian neuralgia. Bartholow. 

Take of Extract of belladonna £ grain. 

Extract of gentian 4 grains. 

Make 1 pill. Royal Chest Hospital. 

Take of Extract of belladonna J grain. 

Ipecacuanha J grain. 

Extract of taraxacum 3 grains. 

Make 1 pill. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Extract of belladonna -|- grain. 

Sulphate of zinc 1 grain. 

Sugar of milk 1 grain. 

Treacle sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. London Ophthalmic Hospital. 



86 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



BENZOIN UM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— BENZOIN. 

A resin obtained from Styrax Benzoin, Dryander {Nat. ord., Styracece), 
a tree indigenous to Sumatra and Java. 

The best quality of benzoin occurs in whitish tears, loosely agglutinated 
into a mass, though generally it is quite compact, the tears being imbedded 
in a reddish-brown connecting medium. It has a fragrant odor, and an 
aromatic taste. Its most important constituents are benzoic acid and 
resin, and to these it owes its medicinal effects. 

Benzoin acts as a stimulant to the mucous membranes, and is occa- 
sionally employed in catarrhal affections. Externally it is a stimulant and 
irritant, and is applied to cracked nipples, fissure of the anus, etc. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains ; seldom used in substance. 



PREPARATIONS. 
Tinctura Benzoini (U. S., Fr., Ger.) — Tincture of Benzoin. 

Take of Benzoin 6 ounces. 

Alcohol 2 pints. 

Macerate for seven days, and filter. 

Dose : 20 to 30 minims. Used chiefly in the preparation of ointment 
of benzoin. 



Tinctura Benzoini Composita (U. S., Br.)— Compound Tincture of 

Benzoin. 

Take of Benzoin 3 ounces. 

Socotrine aloes J ounce. 

Storax 2 ounces. 

Balsam of tolu 1 ounce. 

Alcohol 2 pints. 

Macerate for seven days, and filter. 

Dose : £ to 2 drachms. Often used externally. 



Unguentum Benzoini (U. S\, Br., Fr. )— Ointment of Benzoin. 

Take of Tincture of benzoin 2 ounces. 

Lard 16 ounces. 

Melt the lard on a water-bath, add the tincture, constantly stirring, and, 
when the alcohol has evaporated, remove from the water-bath, and stir 
until cold. Benzoated Lard (Br., Fr.). 

The addition of benzoin to lard prevents its becoming rancid, hence 
ointment of benzoin is used as the basis of many other ointments. 



BISMUTH SUBCARBONATE OF BISMUTH. 87 

Inhalation of Benzoin. 

Take of Compound tincture of benzoin 1 drachm. 

Water, at U0°F 20 ounces. 

}Iix. The vapor to be inhaled in acute inflammation of the pharynx 
and larynx. London Throat Hospital. 

Mixture or Benzoin. 

Take of Compound tincture of benzoin 20 minims. 

Oxymel of squill 30 minims. 

Wine of ipecacuanha 5 minims. 

Tincture of tolu 5 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 



BISMUTHUM (IT. S., Br., Fr.)— BISMUTH. 

Metallic bismuth is not used medicinally. Its compounds are employed 
chiefly in painful disorders of the stomach and bowels, their effect being to 
allay irritation, quiet pain, and neutralize acidity. 

As met with in commerce, bismuth contains a small proportion of arsenic, 
copper, and silver, to the former of which, existing in its compounds as an 
impurity, are attributed, by some, a part of their medicinal effects. For 
the removal of these impurities, the British Pharmacopoeia and French 
Codex direct the following 

PREPARATION. 

Purified Bismuth (Br., Fr.). 

Take of Bismuth 10 ounces. 

Nitrate of potassium, in powder 2 ounces. 

Melt the bismuth with 1 ounce of the nitrate in a crucible, stirring until 
the salt has solidified over the metal. Then remove the salt, add the re- 
mainder of the nitrate, and repeat the process. Finally, pour the fused 
bismuth into a suitable mould. 



BISMUTHI SUBCABBONAS (U. S., Br.)— SUBGARBONATE 

OF BISMUTH. 

Take of Bismuth 2 ounces. 

Nitric acid (by weight) 8^ ounces. 

Water of ammonia 5 ounces. 

Carbonate of sodium 10 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Mix 4| ounces of the nitric acid with 4 ounces of distilled water, add 
the bismuth, and set aside for twenty-four hours. Then dilute the solution 
with 10 ounces of distilled water and, after twenty-four hours, filter. Di- 



88 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

lute the filtrate with 4 pints of distilled water, add the water of ammonia, 
previously diluted with an equal measure of distilled water, strain, Wash 
the precipitate with 2 pints of distilled water, and place it in a capacious 
vessel ; then add the remainder of the nitric acid, and afterward 4 ounces 
of distilled water. After twenty-four hours, filter. 

Dissolve the carbonate of sodium in 12 ounces of distilled water, with 
the aid of heat, and filter. To the filtrate, when cold, add the solution of 
bismuth, collect, wash, and dry the precipitate. 

It is a white, tasteless, and insoluble powder. 

Dose : 10 to 60 grains. 

Powders of Subcarbonate of Bismuth. 

Take of Subcarbonate of bismuth 10 grains. 

"Wood charcoal 10 grains. . 

Bicarbonate of sodium 5 grains. 

Mix. One dose. University College Hospital. 

Take of Subcarbonate of bismuth 5 grains. 

Carbonate of magnesium 3 grains. 

Powdered gum arabic 2 grains. 

Mix. One dose. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Subcarbonate of bismuth 10 grains. 

Dover's powder 10 grains. 

Mix. One dose. University College Hospital. 



BISMUTHI SUBNITRAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SUBNITRATE OF 

BISMUTH. 

Take of Bismuth , 2 ounces. 

Nitric acid (by weight) 10 ounces. 

Carbonate of sodium 10 ounces. 

Water of ammonia 6 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the bismuth in 4^ ounces of the acid, as in the preceding pro- 
cess, dilute the solution in like manner, and precipitate it with solution of 
carbonate of sodium, made in the same way ; then dissolve the moist pre- 
cipitate in the remainder of the acid mixed with 4 ounces of water, dilute 
the solution, precipitate it with the water of ammonia, collect, wash, and 
dry the precipitate. 

This process differs from the preceding in that the water of ammonia is 
used for the final precipitation. 

It is a heavy, white, tasteless, and insoluble powder. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 






SUBNITRATE OF BISMUTH. b\) 

PREPARATIONS. 

Bismuth Lozenges (Br., Fr.). 

Take of Subnitrate of bismuth 1,440 grains. 

Carbonate of magnesium 4 ounces. 

Precipitated carbonate of lime 6 ounces. 

Kenned sugar „ 29 ounces. 

Gum arabic 1 ounce. 

Mucilage of gum arabic 2 ounces. 

• Bose-water sufficient. 

Mix the dry ingredients, add the mucilage, form a proper mass with 
rose water, and divide into 720 lozenges. 
Dose : 1 to 6 lozenges. 

Mixtures of Subnitrate of Bismuth. 

Take of Subnitrate of bismuth 2 drachms. 

Diluted hydrocyanic acid J drachm. 

Mucilage of gum arabic 2 ounces. 

Peppermint water 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : J ounce three times a day. In gastric ulcer, and scirrhus 
of the stomach. Bartholow. 

Take of Subnitrate of bismuth 3 drachms. 

Carbolic acid 2 to 4 grains. 

Mucilage of gum arabic 1 ounce. 

Peppermint water 3 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : ^ ounce three or four times a day. In vomiting of preg- 
nancy, acidity, pyrosis, and in the vomiting of teething children. In the 
case of children the dose must, of course, be reduced proportionately. 

Bartholow. 

Take of Subnitrate of bismuth 20 grains. 

Mucilage of tragacanth \ ounce. 

Tincture of cinnamon 10 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Subnitrate of bismuth 10 grains. 

Bicarbonate of sodium 10 grains. 

Compound tragacanth powder 10 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Charing Cross Hospital. 

Take of Subnitrate of bismuth : 80 grains. 

Camphorated tincture of opium 2 drachms. 

Chalk mixture , to 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm, in diarrhoeas of children. 



90 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Powders of Subnitrate of Bismuth. 

Take of Subnitrate of bismuth 2 drachms. 

Sulphate of morphia 1 grain. 

Mix and divide into 6 powders. 

Dose : One powder three times a day, in milk. In gastric ulcer, and 
scirrhus of the stomach. . Bartholoiv. 

Take of Subnitrate of bismuth 5 grains. 

Compound powder of chalk and opium 5 grains. 

Mix. One dose. Westminster Hospital. 

Take of Subnitrate of bismuth 8 grains. 

Dried carbonate of sodium 8 grains. 

Hydrochlorate of morphia ^ grain. 

Mix. One dose. Guy's Hospital. 

Take of Subnitrate of bismuth 6 drachms. 

Chromate of lead 10 grains. 

Carmine 5 grains. 

Vermilion 5 grains. 

Mix. Used as a dusting powder in skin diseases. British Skin Hospital. 



BISMUTPII ET AMMONII CITKAS— CITEATE OF BISMUTH 
AND AMMONIUM. 

PREPARATION. 

Liquor Bismuthi et Ammonii Citratis (Br.)— Solution of Citrate of 
Bismuth and Ammonium. 

Take of Purified bismuth 430 grains. 

Nitric acid 2 ounces. 

Citric acid 2 ounces. 

Solution of ammonia sufficient. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the bismuth in the nitric acid diluted with one ounce of dis- 
tilled water, heat nearly to the boiling point for ten minutes, decant, and 
evaporate to 2 ounces. Then add the citric acid dissolved in 4 ounces of 
distilled water, and afterward the solution of ammonia, in small quantities, 
until the precipitate is redissolved, and the solution is neutral or slightly 
alkaline. Dilute with distilled water to 20 ounces. 

Dose : J to 1 drachm. 

This, and other soluble compounds of bismuth, are of doubtful utility, 
since the best effects of bismuth are produced by its local, and, probably, 
mechanical action upon the mucous surfaces. 



KOUSSO BROMINE. 91 



BRAYERA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— KOUSSO. 

The flowers and unripe fruit of Brayera anthehnintica, Kunth (Nat. 
07'd., Bosacece), a tree indigenous to Abyssinia. 

The dried flowers occur in clusters of a light brown or yellowish color, 
of a fragrant odor, and a taste which is at first faint, but afterward acrid 
and unpleasant. 

Kousso is one of the best remedies for tape-worm. 

Dose ; 2 to ± drachins. 

PREPARATION. 

Infusion of Kousso (Br.). 

Take of Kousso in coarse powder i ounce. 

Boiling water 8 ounces. 

Infuse in a covered vessel for fifteen minutes, without straining. 
Dose : 4 to 8 ounces, taken with the dregs. 



BKOMLNIUM (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— BROMINE. 

A non-metalhc element which exists in sea water and the waters of some 
saline springs. It is a volatile liquid of a dark red color, a caustic taste, 
and a very disagreeable odor. 

Bromine, in its medicinal effects, bears some analogy to iodine, and is 
used as an alterative in scrofula, bronchocele, cutaneous diseases, etc. In 
combination with potassium, sodium, etc., in the form of bromides, it has 
a powerful, quieting effect upon the nervous system. Externally, in solu- 
tion, it is one of the best applications for foul or gangrenous ulcers and 
wounds, and especially hospital gangrene. 

Dose : \ to 2 grains, in a large quantity of water. 

Solution of Bromine. 

Take of Bromine (by weight) 1 ounce. 

Bromide of potassium 160 grains. 

Distilled water 4 ounces. 

Dissolve the bromide in 2 ounces of the water, add the bromine, agitate, 
and finally add the remainder of the water. 

Dose : 1 to 2 minims. Chiefly externally. J. Lawrence Smith. 



92 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



BEYONIA (Fr.)— BBYONY. 

The root of Bryonia alba, L., and of B. dioica, L. (Nat. ord., Cucurbita- 
ceoe), an herbaceous perennial indigenous to Europe. 

Bryony is an active hydragogue cathartic and diuretic, and has long- 
been used in dropsies. It has also been employed with good effect in 
pleurisy, pericarditis, rheumatism, etc. 

PREPARATION. 

Tincture of Bryony. 

Take of Bryony root 1 ounce. 

Diluted alcohol 9 ounces. 

Prepare a tincture by maceration. 
Dose : 3 to 10 minims. 



BlICHIT (IT. S., Br., Fr.)— BUCHU LEAVES. 

The leaves of Barosina betulina, Bartling, B. crenulata, Hooker, and B. 
serratifolia, Willd. {Nat. ord., Rutacece), erect shrubs indigenous to South 
Africa. 

Buchu leaves have a strong, aromatic odor, a bitterish, mint-like taste, 
and act as a stimulant to the mucous membranes, especially of the genito- 
urinary tract. Used in chronic nephritis, cystitis, urethritis, incontinence 
and retention of urine, etc. 

Dose : 20 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extr actum Buchu Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Buchu. 

Take of Buchu 16 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the buchu with 6 ounces of alcohol, and proceed according to 
the general formula, page 161. 

Dose : 20 to 30 minims. This preparation is generally less efficient 
than the infusion. 

Infusum Buchu (U. S., Br.)— Infusion of Buchu. 

Take of Buchu 1 ounce. 

Boiling water , l pint. 

Macerate for two hours in a covered vessel, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 



COFFEE CAFFEIN. 93 

Tincture of Buchu (Br.). 

Take of Buchu leaves 2£ ounces. 

Proof spirit 20 ounces. 

Macerate the buchu for forty-eight hours in 15 ounces of the spirit, 
then percolate with the remainder and enough more to make 20 ounces. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

Mixtures of Buchu. 

Take of Infusion of buchu 1 ounce. 

Tincture of henbane 12 minims. 

[Mucilage 2 drachms. 

Mix. One dose. Royal Free Hospital. 

Take of Infusion of buchu 1^ ounce. 

Bicarbonate of potassium 10 grains. 

Tincture of henbane 15 minims. 

Mix. One dose. St. Thomas's Hospital. 



CAFFEA (U. S., Fr.)— COFFEE. 

The seeds of CafTea Arabica, L. (Nat. ord., Rubiacece), a small tree indi- 
genous to Africa, but widely cultivated in tropical countries. 

Coffee is a nervous stimulant, its effect being due to a neutral principle 
termed caffeinum. It is used in certain forms of nervous headache, and to 
counteract the effects of poisonous doses of opium. 

Dose : 20 to 40 grains. 



C AFFEINU M— C AFFEIK 

Obtained by precipitating a decoction of coffee with acetate of lead, fil- 
tering, removing the excess of lead with sulphuretted hydrogen, neutral- 
izing with ammonia, evaporating, and recrystallizing. 

It is in white, silky crystals of a slightly bitter taste, and soluble in 58 
parts of water. 

Dose : 1 to 5 grains. 

Citrate of Caffein. 

Obtained by saturating a solution of citric acid with caffein, evaporating, 
and crystallizing. It is much more soluble than caffein. 
Dose : 1 to 5 grains. 



94 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



CALAMUS (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— CALAMUS— SWEET FLAG. 

The rhizome of Acorus calamus, L. (Nat. oral., Aracece), an herbaceous 
perennial indigenous to North America. 

Sweet flag has a fragrant odor, and a warm, aromatic taste. It is an 
aromatic stimulant, and is used in dyspepsia, and as an adjunct to other 
more active remedies. 

Dose : 20 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extract of Calamus (Ger.). 

Take of Calamus 2 parts. 

Alcohol 9 parts. 

Water 9 parts. 

Digest the calamus twenty-four hours in 6 parts each of alcohol and 
water, and express. Treat the residue in like manner with the remainder 
of the alcohol and water, and evaporate the mixed and filtered liquids to a 
thick extract. 

Tincture of Calamus (Ger.). 

Take of Calamus 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol 5 parts. 

} lacerate eight days and filter. 



CALCIUM— CALCIUM. 
CALCII BKOMIDUM— BROMIDE OF CALCIUM. 

Prepared by saturating hydrobromic acid with pure carbonate of lime, 
and evaporating the solution to dryness. 

It is a whitish, granular salt, of a sharp, bitter taste, and freely soluble 
in water. 

It produces essentially the same effects as the other bromides, and is 
used, like them, in insomnia, epilepsy, hysteria, infantile convulsions, etc. 

Dose : 5 to 30 grains. 

Mixture of Bromide of Calcium. 

Take of Bromide of calcium 1 ounce. 

Syrup of lacto-phosphate of lime 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachni three times a day in a little water, in epileptic 
cases. National Dispensatory. 



PRECIPITATED CARBONATE OF LIME. 95 

CALCII CARBOXAS PILECIPITATA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— PRE- 
CIPITATED CARBONATE OF CALCIUM— PRECIPI- 
TATED CARBONATE OF LIME. 

Take of Solution of chloride of calcium 5^ pints. 

Carbonate of sodium 72 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the carbonate in 6 pints of distilled water, heat this and the 
solution of calcium to the boiling point, and mix them. Decant the clear 
liquid, wash the precipitate with boiling distilled water, and dry it on bib- 
ulous paper. 

It is a tine white powder, tasteless, and insoluble. 

In this connection will be considered : 

Creta Praeparata (U. S. 3 Br.) — Prepared Chalk. 

Take of chalk a convenient quantity. Add a little water to the chalk, 
and rub it into a fine powder. Throw this into a vessel of water, stir 
briskly, and after a short interval decant into another vessel the superna- 
tant liquid, while yet turbid. Treat the coarser particles of chalk remain- 
ing in the first vessel in a similar manner, and add the turbid liquid to that 
previously decanted. Lastly, let the powder subside, and having poured 
off the water, dry it. 

Either of the above preparations may be employed when the effects of 
chalk are desired. 

Chalk is an absorbent, astringent, and antacid. It is one of the best 
astringents in nearly all forms of diarrhoea, but especially in those accom- 
panied with acidity of the intestinal secretions. It is also employed in 
dyspepsia, gout, etc. Externally it is employed as an absorbent powder in 
cutaneous diseases. 

Dose : 10 to 40 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Mistura Cretae (U. S., Br.)— Chalk Mixture. 

Take of Prepared chalk | ounce. 

Glycerin ^ ounce. 

Gum arabic 120 grains. 

Cinnamon water 4 ounces. 

Water 4 ounces. 

Rub the chalk and gum with the water gradually added ; then add the 
other ingredients and mix. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. # 



96 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Troehisei Cretse (U. S. ) — Troches of Chalk. 

Take of Prepared chalk 4 ounces. 

Gum arabic 1 ounce. 

Nutmeg 60 grains. 

Sugar 6 ounces. 

Mix thoroughly, then with water form a mass, and divide into 480 

troches. 

Aromatic Powder or Chalk (Br.). • 

Take of Cinnamon 4 ounces. 

Nutmeg 3 ounces. 

Saffron 3 ounces. 

Cloves 1^ ounce. 

Cardamom seeds 1 ounce. 

Penned sugar 25 ounces. 

Prepared chalk 11 ounces. 

Mix thoroughly, pass the powder through a fine sieve, and finally rub 
in a mortar. 

Dose : 10 to 60 grains. 

Aromatic Powder of Chalk and Opium (Br.). 

Take of Aromatic powder of chalk 9f ounces. 

Opium J ounce. 

Mix thoroughly. 
Dose : 10 to 40 grains. 

Compound Mixtures of Chalk. 
Take of Tincture of opium 1 drachm. 

Tincture of catechu 3 drachms. 

Chalk mixture 3|- ounces. 

Mix. Dose : ± ounce every three hours, in diarrhoea. 

Take of Chalk mixture ^ ounce. 

Tincture of catechu 30 minims. 

Decoction of logwood to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. King's College Hospital 



CALCII CIILORLDUM (U. S., Br., Fr.)— CHLORIDE OF CAL- 
CIUM. 

Prepared by neutralizing hydrochloric acid with carbonate of lime, 
evaporating and fusing the product. It is in dry, white masses, which are 
very deliquescent. It is alterative and resolvent, and has been used with 
success in scrofulous swellings of the glaDds, ovarian and fibroid tumors, 
and in various skin diseases. 

Dose : ^0 to 20 grains. 



HYPOPHOSPIIITE OF CALCIUM-SULPHIDE OF CALCIUM. 97 

PREPARATIONS. 
Liquor Caleii Chloridi (I T . S.) — Solution of Chloride of Calcium. 

Take of Chloride of calcium sufficient. 

Dissolve in one and a half times its weight of distilled water, and filter. 
Dose : 30 to 60 minims. 



CALCH HYPOPIlOSPniS (U. S., Br.)— HYPOPHOSPIIITE 

OF CALCIUM. 
Prepared by boiling phosphorus with milk of lime, filtering and evapo- 
rating the product. It is a white, crystalline salt, of a bitter and nauseous 
taste. Used in phthisis, caries of the bones, scrofula, and other wasting 
diseases. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

Mixture of Hyfophosphite of Calcium. 
Take of Hypophosphite of calcium 3 grains. 

Saccharated solution of lime 10 minims. 

Glycerin 20 minims. 

Camphor water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Chest Hospital. 



CALCH PHOSPHAS PE.ECIPITATA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— PRE- 
CIPITATED PHOSPHATE OF CALCIUM. 

Calcined bone is macerated in hydrochloric acid until dissolved, the 
solution filtered, and precipitated with water of ammonia. The precipi- 
tate is then washed with boiling distilled water, and dried. It is a white, 
amorphous powder, without odor or taste. It is used for the same pur- 
poses as the hypophosphite, in wasting diseases, rachitis and ununited 
fractures. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

SrRUP of Lacto-Phosphate of Lime. 
A solution of calcium phosphate in lactic acid and syrup, containing, in 
1 ounce, 16 grains of calcium phosphate and 33 grains of lactic acid. 

Hospital Formulary. 

CALCH SULPHIDUM (Fr.)— SULPHIDE OF CALCIUM. 

Take of Sulphur 10 parts. 

Lime 30 parts. 

Water 50 parts. 

Mix thoroughly, and boil until a small portion placed upon a cold sur- 
face becomes solid in cooling. Then turn the mass upon a marble slab, 
and when cool, break into pieces, and preserve in well-stopped bottles. 
7 



98 MEDICAL FOKMULAKY. 

Sulphide of calcium appears to prevent and arrest suppuration. Dr. 
Sidney Kinger extols it as a remedy for furuncular and glandular inflam- 
mations, etc. ; and more recently, Dr. Samuel Sexton writes that he employs 
it with great satisfaction in nearly all cases where inflammation of the ex- 
ternal meatus of the ear is a symptom, but especially in those where sup- 
puration has occurred, or threatens to occur. 

Dose : ^V to 1 grain. It may be conveniently administered in the form 
of a trituration : 1 part of the sulphide with 9 parts of sugar of milk. 

Pills of Sulphide of Calcium. 

Take of Sulphide of calcium 10 grains. 

Compound tragacanth powder 30 grains. 

Water sufficient. 

/ Mix and divide into 30 pills. University College Hospital. 

These pills should be used while fresh, as the salt speedily undergoes 
change. 

CALX (U. S. et al. Ph.)— LIME. 

Prepared from carbonate of lime, by calcination. Chalk, marble, or even 
any common limestone may be used. 

Lime is in white, or grayish-white masses, the color depending upon the 
relative purity of the stone employed, and of a caustic, alkaline taste. When 
exposed to the air, it absorbs moisture and falls into powder, forming a 
hydrate (slaked lime). The same effect is rapidly produced by pouring 
water upon it. 

Unslaked lime acts as a caustic, and, with arsenic, forms the arsenical 
paste formerly much used for the destruction of cancerous and other tumors. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Linimentum Caleis (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Liniment of Lime. 

Take of Solution of lime 8 ounces. 

Flaxseed oil (by weight) 7 ounces. 

Mix. 

The British Pharmacopoeia employs equal parts of lime water and olive 
oil ; the French Codex, 9 parts of lime water with 1 part of oil of sweet 
almonds. 

Used as an application to burns and scalds, the surface being thickly 
coated with it, and then covered with cotton wool. Commonly known as 
carron oil. 

Liquor Caleis (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Solution of Lime— Lime Water. 

Take of Lime 4 ounces. 

Distilled water 8 pints. 

Slake the lime with a little of the water, then pour on the remainder, 
and stir them together. Keep the solution, together with the undissolved 
lime, in well-stopped bottles. 






CHLORINATED LIME. 99 



Lime water is em antacid and astringent. Much used in acid indiges- 
tion, diarrhoea, vomiting, etc. 
I Dose : 2 to 4 ounces. 
Saccharated Solution of Lime (Br.). 
Take of Slaked lime 1 ounce. 
Renued sugar 2 ounces. 
Distilled water 20 ounces. 
Triturate the lime and sugar together, transfer the mixture to a bottle 
containing the water, shake occasionally for a few hours, and then draw off 
the clear liquid with a siphon. 
Dose : 15 to 60 nrinims. 

Lotions of Lime. 

Take of Lime water 1 ounce. 

Oil of almonds 1 drachm. 

Mix. British Skin Hospital. 

Take of Bicarbonate of sodium 6 grains. 

Glycerin 10 minims. 

Lime water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Westminster Hospital. 



CALX CIILOEDs ATA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CITLOEINATED LIME. 

Prepared by exposing slaked lime to chlorine gas as long as it is 
absorbed. 

It is a whitish powder, with the odor of chlorine. It is used chiefly as 
a disinfectant and deodorizer, being applied in solution to ulcers, burns, 
etc. It has been employed internally in typhus, typhoid, and scarlet fevers, 
and in other contagious and infectious diseases. 

Dose : 3 to 6 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Solution of Chlorinated Ltme (Br., Fr.). 

Take of Chlorinated lime 1 pound. 

Distilled water 1 gallon. 

Triturate well together, transfer to a bottle, shake occasionally for three 
hours, then filter. 

Lotion of Chlorlnated Leme. 

Take of Solution of chlorinated lime J ounce. 

Water , to 10 ounces. 

Mix. Middlesex Hospital. 



100 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



CALENDULA— MARIGOLD. 

The leaves and flowers of Calendula officinalis, L. (Nat. ord., Composi- 
tes), an annual herb indigenous to the Old World, but in common cultiva- 
tion here for ornament. 

Calendula was anciently held in high esteem, but has fallen into disre- 
pute. It was considered stimulant, antispasmodic, sudorific, diuretic, and 
emmenagogue, and was used in hysterical and dropsical affections, and 
topically as a dressing for wounds, ulcers, etc. 



Dose : \ to 1 drachm. 



PREPARATION. 



Tincture of Calendula. 

Take of Fresh calendula 1 part. 

Alcohol 5 parts. 

Macerate two weeks and filter. 

Dose : \ to 2 drachms. Diluted with twenty parts of water, it is used 
externally. 



CALUMBA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— COLUMBO. 

The root of Jateorrhiza palmata, Miers (Nat. ord., 3Ienispermacece) , an 
herbaceous climbing plant, with large, perennial roots, indigenous to 
Eastern Africa. 

Columbo occurs in commerce in transverse slices, an inch or more in 
diameter, and a quarter or half inch thick, of a yellowish color, and an 
aromatic, persistent, bitter taste. It is a pure, bitter tonic, without astrin- 
gency, and is used in atonic dyspepsia, diarrhoea, dysentery, and convales- 
cence from acute diseases generally. It is usually acceptable to the stom- 
ach when nearly all other bitters disagree. 

Dose : 15 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extr actum Calumbse Fluidum (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Fluid Extract of 

Columbo. 

Take of Columbo 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 2 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix the glycerin with 14 ounces of alcohol, moisten the columbo with 
4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general formula, 
page 161. 

Dose : 15 to 30 minims. 



CAMPHOR. 101 

Infusum Calumbae (U. S., Br.) — Infusion of Columbo. 

Take of Columbo J ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 1 pint, then heat to the boiling point, 
and strain. Or, macerate the columbo in a pint of boiling water for two 
hours, and strain. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. Often used as a vehicle for other tonics, etc. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs to macerate J ounce of columbo, 
for one hour, in 10 ounces of cold water. 

Tinctura Calumbae (XL S., Br., Fr.)— Tincture of Columbo. 

Take of Columbo 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 

Extract of Columbo (Br., Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Columbo 1 pound. 

Distilled water 4 pints (imp.). 

Macerate the columbo with 2 pints of water, for twelve hours, strain and 
press ; macerate again with the same quantity of water, strain and press 
as before ; mix the liquors, filter, and evaporate on a water-bath to the 
proper consistence. 

Dose : 2 to 10 grains. 

The French and German preparations are alcoholic extracts. 



Mixtures of Columbo. 

Take of Tincture of columbo 15 drachms. 

Deodorized tincture of opium 1 drachm. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm in a. wineglass of water before meals, in indi- 
gestion attended with diarrhoea. Bartholow. 

Take of Bicarbonate of sodium 10 grains. 

Tincture of orange 30 minims. 

Infusion of columbo to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 



• CAMPHOEA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— CAMPHOR 

A concrete, volatile substance obtained by steaming the wood of Cam- 
phora officinarum, C. Bauhin ( Nat. ord., Lauracece), a large tree indigenous to 
China and Japan, but cultivated elsewhere in tropical and subtropical 
regions. 



102 MEDICAL FORMULAE Y. 

Camplior occurs in crystalline, translucent masses, of a characteristic 
odor and taste, slightly soluble in water, but freely so in alcohol, ether, 
chloroform, volatile and fixed oils. 

Camphor is stimulant, antispasmodic, diaphoretic, and anodyne. Used 
in typhus and typhoid fevers, and typhoid conditions generally, also in 
strangury, chordee, dysmenorrhea, nervous and mental affections, etc. 
Applied externally, it is at first irritant, afterward anodyne. Few reme- 
dies, indeed, have a wider range of usefulness. 

Dose : 1 to 10 grains. It may be reduced to powder for administration 
by triturating it with a few drops of alcohol. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Aqua Camphorae (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Camphor Water. 

Take of Camphor 120 grains. 

Alcohol 40 minims. 

Carbonate of magnesium ^ ounce. 

Distilled water 2 pints. 

Hub the camphor with the alcohol, then with the carbonate of magne- 
sium, and lastly with the water, gradually added ; then filter. 

Dose : 2 to 8 drachms. 

The processes of the British Pharmacopoeia and the French Codex differ 
froni the above, though they obtain substantially the same result — a satu- 
rated solution of camphor in water. 

Iiinimentum Camphorae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Liniment of Camphor. 

Take of Camphor 3 ounces. 

Olive oil (by weight) 12 ounces. 

Dissolve. 

The French and German preparations, termed Camphorated Oil, are 
made in the proportion of 1 to 9. 

Spiritus Camphorae (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Spirit of Camphor. 

Take of Camphor 4 ounces. 

Alcohol 2 pints. 

Dissolve and filter. 
Dose : 5 to 60 minims. 

Ammoniated Camphor Liniment (Ger., Fr.). 

Take of Camphorated oil 4 parts. 

Water of ammonia 1 part. 

Mix thoroughly. 

The French Codex directs the proportion of 9 to 1. 



CAMPHOR. 103 

Compound Liniment of Camphor (Br.). 

Take of Camphor 2J ounces. 

Oil of lavender 1 drachm. 

Strong solution of ammonia 5 ounces. 

Rectified spirit 15 ounces. 

Dissolve the camphor and the oil in the spirit, then add the solution 
of ammonia gradually, shaking well together. 

Ointment of Camphor (Fr.). 

Take of Camphor 3 parts. 

"White wax 1 part. 

Lard 9 parts. 

Melt the lard and wax together, add the camphor, and stir while cool- 



TVine of Camphor (Ger.). 

Take of Camphor 1 part. 

Gum arabic 1 part. 

"White wine 48 parts. 

Rub the camphor and gum together, and then gradually add the 
wine. 

Dose : J to 1 drachm. 

Liniments of Camphor with Cantharides. 

Take of Liniment of camphor 14^ drachms. 

Tincture of opium 2 drachms. 

Tincture of cantharides 3J- drachms. 

Mix. Woman's Hospital, London. 

Take of Spirit of camphor 1 part. 

Yinegar of cantharides 1 part. 

Acetic acid 1 part. 

Mix. Royal Chest Hospital. 

MrxTURES of Camphor. 

Take of Camphor water 3 ounces. 

Compound tincture of lavender 1 ounce. 

Tincture of opium 1 to 2 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : J ounce every hour or two. In summer diarrhoea. 

Bartholoic. 

Take of Spirit of camphor 2 drachms. 

Tincture of capsicum 2 drachms. 

Tincture of opium , . 2 drachms. 

Tincture of ginger 2 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 20 to 40 minims every two or three hours, in diarrhoea. 



104 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Camphor water 2 ounces. 

Solution of acetate of ammonium 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : £ ounce every two hours. To quiet the restlessness, de- 
lirium, etc., of fevers. Bartholow. 

Take of Spirit of ether i drachm. 

Camphor water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Hospital. 

Pills of Camphor. 
Take of Camphor 3 grains. 

Extract of henbane 2 grains. 

Alcohol 1 drop. 

Make 1 pill. London Hospital. 

Take of Camphor 2 grains. 

Opium % grain. 

Make 1 pill. St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 

Take of Camphor 1 grain. 

Opium 1 grain. 

Extract of hops sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Camphor 40 grains. 

Lactucarium 40 grains. 

Mix and divide into 20 pills. 
v Dose : 2 pills at bedtime. For chordee. Ricord. 

Take of Camphor 30 grains. 

Opium 10 grains. 

Mix and divide into 10 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill. For chordee. Ricord. 



CAMPHOEA MOTsTOBROMATA— MONOBROMATED CAM- 
PHOR. 

Prepared by submitting camphor to the action of bromine, with gentle 
heat, dissolving the product in warm petroleum benzin, and crystallizing. 
It is in colorless, acicular crystals, of a camphoraceous odor and taste. Used 
in epilepsy, hysteria, delirium tremens, priapism, incontinence of urine, 
convulsions, etc. It has little, if any, advantage over the bromides of po- 
tassium, sodium, etc. 

Dose : 2 to 6 grains, in pill or suspended in syrup or mucilage. 



WILD CINNAMON INDIAN HEMP. 105 



CANELLA (U. S., Br., Fr.)— CANELLA— WILD CINNAMON. 

The bark of Canella alba, Murray (Nat. ord., Canellacece), a tree indige- 
nous to the West Indies. 

Canella bark is an aromatic stimulant and tonic, but is seldom employed 
except as an adjunct to other more efficient drugs. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. (See Powder of Aloes and Canella.) 

Aromatic Powder of Canella. 

Take of Canella 1 part. 

Ginger' 1 part. 

Long pepper 1 part. 

Mix. Dose : 5 to 10 grains. St. Geoi^ge's Hospital. 



CANNABIS AMERICANA (U. S.)— AMERICAN HEMP. 
CANNABIS INDICA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— INDIAN HEMP. 

The flowering tops of Cannabis sativa, L. {Nat. ord., Urticacece), an an- 
nual herb indigenous to India, but cultivated and naturalized in this coun- 
try. American hemp, though specifically the same plant as the Indian, 
differs from it in being less active, doubtless owing to climatic influences. 

By evaporating alcoholic tinctures of hemp-tops, extracts are obtained 
which represent the active properties of the plant. 

Cannabis is narcotic, anodyne, and antispasmodic. It has been used 
successfully in traumatic tetanus, in chorea, hysteria, neuralgia, and a va- 
riety of nervous diseases. Though less certain than opium as a hypnotic, 
it has the advantage of not producing as unpleasant after-effects. 

Dose : Of the powdered drug, 2 to 20 grains ; but it is seldom adminis- 
tered in this form. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extraetum Cannabis Americans (U. S.) — Extract of American 

Hemp. 
Extraetum Cannabis Indies (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Extract of Indian 

Hemp. 

Take of American (or Indian) hemp , 12 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Macerate the hemp in 12 ounces of alcohol for four days, then perco- 
late until 2 pints are obtained, or the hemp is exhausted. Evaporate this 
on a water-bath to a proper consistence. 

Dose : Of American hemp, \ grain ; of Indian hemp, \ to \ grain. 



106 MEDICAL FORMULAE Y. 

Tinctura Cannabis (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Tincture of Hemp. 

Take of Extract of Indian hemp 360 grains. 

Alcohol 1 pint. 

Dissolve and hlter. 
Dose : 5 to 15 minims. 

Mixtures of Hemp. 
Take of Tincture of hemp 10 minims. 

Spirit of peppermint 1 minim. 

Water 1 drachm. 

Mix. One dose. Hospital Formulary. 

Take of Extract of hemp 1 grain. 

Ether 15 minims. 

Camphor water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Fever Hospital. 

Pills of Hemp. 
Take of Extract of hemp £. grain. 

Liquorice sufficient. 

Mucilage sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Extract of hemp J grain. 

Extract of gentian 2 grains. 

Bread mass 1 grain. 

Make 1 pill. Royal Chest Hospital. 



CANTHARIS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— CANTHAKIDES— SPANISH 

FLIES. 

Cantharis vesicatoria, De Geer ( Ord. Coleoptera), a beautiful insect, of 
a golden green color, which is found upon trees and shrubs in most parts 
of Europe. They are plunged into hot vinegar and water, or exposed to 
the vapor of hot vinegar, and then dried and preserved for use. 

As found in the shops, they retain their natural form and color, and 
have an acrid, burning taste. Taken internally they stimulate the kidneys, 
and produce more or less irritation of the urinary passages. In large 
doses they produce strangury, priapism, hematuria, etc., and in excessive 
doses are an active poison. 

Applied externally they vesicate, and may also produce their constitu- 
tional effects. 

Internally, cantharides are employed in incontinence of urine, sperma- 
torrhoea, gleet, etc. ; externally, as a vesicant and rubefacient in a great 
variety of cases. 

Dose : 1 to 2 grains. 



CANTH ABIDES. 107 

PREPARATIONS. 
Ceratum Cantharidis (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Cantharides Cerate. 

Tate of Cantharides 12 ounces. 

Yellow wax 7 ounces. 

Resin 7 ounces. 

Lard 10 ounces. 

To the wax, resin, and lard, previously melted together and strained, 
add the cantharides, and, by means of a water-bath, keep the mixture in a 
liquid state for half an hour, stirring occasionally. Then remove from the 
water-bath, and star until cold. 

Termed Cantharides plaster by the European Pharmacopoeias. 
It is the common blistering cerate, or fly-blister. 
The following is a more elegant preparation : 

Ceratum Extracti Cantharidis (U. S.) — Cerate of Extract of Cantha- 
rides. 

Take of Cantharides 5 ounces. 

Resin 3 ounces. 

Yellow wax 6 ounces. 

Lard 7 ounces. 

Stronger alcohol 2^- pints, or sufficient. 

Exhaust the cantharides with the alcohol, and evaporate the tincture to 
an extract. Mix this with the resin, wax, and lard, previously melted to- 
gether, keep the mixture at a temperature of 212° for fifteen minutes, 
strain, and stir until cool. 

Chart a Cantharidis (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Cantharides Paper. 

Take of White wax 4 ounces. 

Spermaceti \\ ounce. 

Olive oil (by weight) 2 ounces. 

Canada turpentine \ ounce. 

Cantharides \ ounce. 

Water 5 ounces. 

Mix all together and boil gently for two hours, constantly stirring, and 
strain. Then coat strips of paper on one side, by passing them over the 
surface of the melted liquid. 

Collodium cum Cantharide (U. S.) — Collodion with Cantharides — Can- 

tharidal Collodion. 

Take of Cantharides 8 ounces. 

Pyroxylon 100 grains. 

Canada turpentine 320 grains. 

Castor oil 160 grains. 

Stronger ether 1 \ pint. 

Stronger alcohol ' sufficient. 

Percolate the cantharides with the ether until 15 ounces have passed, 
then with sufficient alcohol to obtain \ pint more. Allow this last to 



108 MEDICAL FOEMULAKY. 

evaporate spontaneously until reduced to 1 ounce, then mix it with the 
first portion, add the other ingredients, and agitate until dissolved. 
An admirable preparation, blistering with rapidity and certainty. 

Linimentum Cantharidis (U. S.) — Liniment of Cantharides. 

Take of Cantharides 1 ounce. 

Oil of turpentine J pint. 

Digest for three hours on a water-bath, and strain. 

Tinctura Cantharidis (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Tincture of Cantharides. 

Take of Cantharides 1 ounce. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 5 to 20 minims. 

More than double the strength of the British preparation, and only 
about one- third of that of the French and German. 

Unguentum Cantharidis (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Ointment of Cantharides. 

Take of Cantharides cerate 120 grains. 

Eesin cerate 360 grains. 

Mix. 

Blistering Liquid (Br.). 

Take of Cantharides 8 ounces. 

Acetic acid 4 ounces. 

Ether sufficient. 

Mix the cantharides and acid, and, after twenty-four hours, percolate 
with the ether until 20 ounces are obtained. 



Extract of Cantharides (Fr.). 

Take of Cantharides 1 part. 

Alcohol (60 per cent.) 8 parts. 

Prepare a tincture by maceration, and evaporate it to the proper con- 
sistence. 

Vinegar of Cantharides (Br.). 

Take of Cantharides 2 ounces. 

Glacial acetic acid 2 ounces. 

Acetic acid 18 ounces, or sufficient. 

Mix 13 ounces of acetic acid with the glacial acetic acid, and digest the 
cantharides in the mixture for two hours at a temperature of 200° ; then 
transfer to a percolator, and when the liquid ceases to pass, pour 5 ounces 
of acetic acid over the residuum, express, filter, and add sufficient acetic 
acid to make 20 ounces. 






CAYENNE PEPPER. 109 

Mixtures of Cantharides. 

Take of Tincture of cantharides ^ ounce. 

Copaiba ^ ounce. 

Tincture of chloride of iron 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 30 drops three times a day, in gleet. Bumstead. 

Take of Tincture of cantharides 2 drachms. 

Tincture of chloride of iron 6 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 10 drops three times a day, in gleet. Bumstead. 



CAPSICUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CAYENNE PEPPER. 

The fruit of Capsicum fastigiatum, Blume, C. annuum, L., and several 
other species of capsicum (Xaf. ord., Solanacecv), herbs or shrubs indigenous 
to tropical America, but widely cultivated. 

Capsicum has a pungent odor, arid a very hot, acrid taste. It is an active 
stimulant and irritant. Applied externally it quickly reddens the skin, and 
is often used as a rubefacient. Internally it is employed as an aid to di- 
gestion in dyspepsia, in delirium tremens when vomiting is a prominent 
symptom, in vomiting from other causes, sick headache, sea-sickness, etc. 
An infusion is often used as a stimulating gargle in relaxed conditions of 
the throat. 

Dose : 1 to 5 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Infusum Capsiei (II. S.) — Infusion of Capsicum. 

Take of Capsicum ^ ounce. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Macerate for two hours, and strain. 

Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. Used chiefly as a gargle. 

Tinctura Capsiei (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Tincture of Capsicum. 

Take of Capsicum 1 ounce. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 10 to 60 minims. 

The British tincture is slightly weaker than this, while the German 
is nearly three times stronger. 

Oleoresina Capsiei (U. S.) — Oleoresin of Capsicum. 

Take of Capsicum 12 ounces. 

Ether sufficient. 

Obtain 24 ounces of ethereal tincture by percolation, evaporate or distil 
off the ether, and strain. 

Dose : 1 to 3 grains. 



110 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Gargles of Capsicum. 

Take of Tincture of capsicum 1 drachm. 

Water 8 ounces. 

Mix. St. George's Hospital. 

Take of Tincture of capsicum 100 minims. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 1 drachm. 

Decoction of pale bark 10 ounces. 

Mix. St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 

Take of Tincture of capsicum 1 drachm. 

Diluted acetic acid 2 drachms. 

Water to 6 ounces. 

Mix. Royal Chest Hospital. 

Lotion of Capsicum akd Caxthaetdes. 

Take of Tincture of capsicum 30 parts. 

Tincture of cantharides 20 parts. 

Cologne water 50 parts. 

Mix. A stimulating lotion for alopecia. G. H. Fox. 



CAEBO AXLUALIS (U. S., Br., Ger.)— AXIMAL CHARCOAL— 

BONE-BLACK 

The residue of bones which have been exposed to a red heat without ac- 
cess of air. 

PREPARATION. 
Carbo Animalis Purificatus (U. S., Br.) — Purified Animal Charcoal. 

Prepared by digesting bone black in diluted hydrochloric acid, washing 
the undissolved portion, and heating it to redness. 

Animal charcoal is used only in making preparations. 



CAEBO LIGXI— WOOD CHARCOAL. 

The residue left by the destructive distillation of wood. 

Charcoal has the property of absorbing gases, the volume of gas ab- 
sorbed exceeding many times that of the charcoal employed. This prop- 
erty renders it useful in dyspepsia attended with the formation of gas, 
and in flatulence generally. Externally it is employed as a dressing for 
foul and gangrenous ulcers, abscesses, etc. 

Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 



CARDAMOM. Ill 

PREPARATIONS. 

Charcoal Lozenges (Ft.). 

Take of Wood charcoal 10 parts. 

White sugar 30 parts. 

Mucilage of tragacauth 4 parts. 

Make lozenges of 15 grains each. 

Charcoal Poultice (Br.). 

Take of Wood charcoal ^ ounce. 

Crumb of bread 2 ounces. 

Linseed meal L} ounce. 

Boiling water 10 ounces. 

Macerate the bread in the water for ten minutes, and add the meal 
gradually, stirring the ingredients ; then add half the charcoal, and sprinkle 
the remainder on the surface of the poultice. 



CARDAMOMUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CARDAMOM. 

The dried capsules of Elettaria Cardamomum, Maton (Nat. ord., Zingi- 
beracece), a tall, nag-like perennial indigenous to India. 

Cardamom seeds have an agreeable aromatic odor and taste, and possess 
aromatic and carminative properties. Used as an adjunct to other medi- 
cines. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Tinetura Cardamomi (U. S.) — Tincture of Cardamom. 

Take of Cardamom 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

Tinetura Cardamomi Composita (U. S., Br.) — Compound Tincture of 

Cardamom. 

Take of Cardamom 360 grains. 

Caraway . .• 120 grains. 

Cinnamon 300 grains. 

Cochineal 60 grains. 

Clarified honey (by weight) 2 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the powders with the alcohol, then pack, and percolate to 2 
pints and 6 ounces ; add to this the honey, and filter. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 
The British Pharmacopoeia employs raisins instead of the honey. 



112 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



CAEUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CARAWAY. 

The fruit of Carum carai, L. (Nat. ord., Umbelliferce), an annual herb in- 
digenous to Asia, but cultivated everywhere. 

Caraway has an agreeable aromatic odor and taste. Used as a sto- 
machic and carminative in infantile cases, and as an adjunct to other medi- 
cines. 

Dose : 30 to 60 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Oleum Carui (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Oil of Caraway. 
The oil distilled from caraway fruit. 
Dose : 1 to 2 minims. 

Caraway Water (Br.). 

Take of Caraway fruit 1 pound. 

Water 1 gallon. 

Distil 1 gallon. Used as a vehicle. 

Spirit or Caraway (Fr.). 

Take of Caraway fruit 1 part. 

Alcohol (SOfo) 8 parts. 

Macerate two days, then distil off all the spirit employed. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



CAKYOPHYLLUS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CLOYES. 

The flower buds of Caryophyllus aromaticus, L. (Nat. ord., Myrtaceoe), & 
tree indigenous to the Moluccas, but widely cultivated in tropical countries. 

Cloves have a strong, agreeable odor, a hot, acrid taste, and possess 
stimulant and aromatic properties. They are used chiefly as a flavoring 
ingredient, and as a condiment. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Infusum Caryophylli (U. S., Br.) — Infusion of Cloves. 

Take of Cloves 120 grains. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Macerate two hours in a covered vessel, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 



CASCARILLA. 113 

Oleum Caryophylli (U. S. et al. Ph.)— OH of Cloves. 

The oil distilled from cloves. 

Dose : lto 5 minims. Often applied on cotton to the cavities of de- 
cayed teeth, for the relief of toothache. 

Tincture of Cloves (Ft.). 

Take of Cloves 1 part. 

Alcohol (8(K) 5 parts. 

Macerate ten days, express, and filter. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

Spirit of Cloves (Fr.). 

Take of Cloves 1 part. 

Alcohol (80ff) 8 parts. 

Macerate four days, then distil off all the spirit employed. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



CASCAEILLA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CASCAEILLA. 

The bark of Croton Eluteria, Bennett (Nat. ord., Euphorbiacece), a small 
tree indigenous to the Bahamas. 

Cascarilla has an aromatic odor, and a warm, spicy, bitter taste. It is 
used as a mild tonic in dyspepsia, etc. 

Dose : 20 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Infusum Casearillae (U. S., Br.) — Infusion of Cascarilla. 

Take of Cascarilla 1 ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 1 pint. Or, macerate the bark in 1 pint 
of boiling water for two hours, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Extract of Cascarilla (Ger.). 

Take of Cascarilla 1 part. 

Boiling water 6 parts. 

Macerate the bark in 4 parts of the water for twenty-four hours, and ex- 
press. Digest the residue with 2 parts of water, express, mix the liquids, 
and evaporate to a thick extract. 
8 



114 MEDICAL FORMULAE Y. 

Tincture of Cascabtlla (Br., Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Cascarilla 2| ounces. 

Proof spirit 20 ounces. 

Macerate the bark for forty-eight hours in 15 ounces of the spirit, then 
percolate with enough more to make 20 ounces. 
Dose : \ to 2 drachms. 



CASSIA FISTULA (U. S., J3r., Fr.)— PURGING CASSIA. 

The pulp of the fruit of Cassia fistula, L. (Nat. ord., Leguminosce), a tree 
indigenous to the East Indies, but naturalized in the West Indies and 
South America. The fruit consists of long pods containing seeds imbedded 
in soft, black pulp, which has a sweet taste. It is a mild laxative. Used 
.in the confection of senna. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms, laxative ; 1 to 2 ounces, purgative. 



CASSIA MARILANDICA (U. S.)— AMERICAN SENNA. 

The leaflets of Cassia Marilandica, L. (Nat. ord., Leguminosce), an herba- 
ceous perennial indigenous to the United States. 

Used as a substitute for Alexandria senna, which it resembles in its 
action, though requiring to be administered in doses one-third larger. 

Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 

PREPARATION. 

Infusion of American Senna. 

Take of American senna 1 ounce. 

Coriander 1 drachm. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Macerate for an hour, and strain. 
Dose : 2 to 6 ounces. 



CASTANEA (U. S.)— CHESTNUT. 

The leaves of Castanea vesca, L. (Nat. ord., Cupuliferce), our common 
chestnut tree. 

Chestnut leaves exert a sedative influence, which has proved of essential 
service in whooping-cough. When practicable they should be used while 
fresh. They may be gathered, for preservation, in July and August. 

Dose : 10 to 60 grains. 



CASTOE — CATECHU. 115 

PREPARATIONS. 

Fluid Extract of Chestnut Leaves. 

Take of Chestnut leaves 16 ounces. 

Glycerin -4 ounces. 

Sugar 6 ounces. 

Boiling water sufficient. 

Digest the leaves with water for twenty-four hours, express, and strain ; 
repeat twice with sufficient water to cover the leaves, mix the infusions, 
add the glycerin and sugar, and evaporate to 1 pint. 

Dose : J- to 1 drachm. Maisch. 

■ Infusion of Chestnut Leaves. 

Take of Chestnut leaves 1 ounce. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Infuse and strain. 
Dose : 2 to 1 ounces. 



CASTOEEUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CASTOR. 

A peculiar, concrete substance obtained from the preputial follicles of 
the beaver [Cad or fiber, L.). It occurs in unctuous masses of a charac- 
teristic odor, and an acrid, bitter, nauseous taste. 

Castor is stimulant and antispasmodic, and is used in hysteria and 
other neiwous affections, typhoid conditions, etc. 

Dose : 10 to 20 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Tinetura Castorei (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Tincture of Castor. 

Take of Castor 2 ounces. 

Alcohol 2 pints. 

Macerate for seven days, and filter. 

Dose : \ to 2 drachms. 

The British preparation is made in the proportion of 1 to 20 ; the 
French and German, 1 to 10. The French Codex prepares also an ethereal 
tincture of the same strength. 



CATECHU (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CATECHU. 

An aqueous extract prepared from the wood of Acacia Catechu, Willd., 
and A Suma, Kurz (Nat. ord., Leguminosce), trees indigenous to India. 
The British Pharmacopoeia employs Pale Catechu, derived from Uncaria 
Gambier, Koxb. (Nat. ord., Bubiacece). 



116 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Catechu consists mainly of tannic acid and extractive, and is powerfully 
astringent. Used in the later stages of diarrhoea and dysentery, after the 
active inflammatory symptoms have been subdued. Locally it is employed 
as an astringent in hemorrhages, relaxation of the throat, spongy gums, 
etc. 

Dose : 5 to 30 grains. 

Infusum Catechu Compositum (TJ. S., Br.) — Compound Infusion of 

Catechu. 

Take of Catechu J ounce. 

Cinnamon 60 grains. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Macerate for an hour, in a covered vessel, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. Infusion of Catechu (Br.). 

Tinetura Catechu (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Tincture of Catechu. 

Take of Catechu 3 ounces. 

Cinnamon 2 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Mix the powders, moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : ^ to 2 drachms. 

The French and German preparations are made with catechu, 1 part, 
diluted alcohol, 5 parts. 

Compound Powder of Catechu (Br.). 

Take of Pale catechu 4 ounces. 

Kino 2 ounces. 

Bhatany 2 ounces. 

Cinnamon 1 ounce. 

Nutmeg 1 ounce. 

Mix thoroughly, and reduce to a fine powder. 
Dose : 20 to 40 grains. 

Catechu Lozenges (Br., Fr.). 

Take of Pale catechu 720 grains. 

Befined sugar 25 ounces. 

Gum arabic 1 ounce. 

Mucilage of gum arabic 2 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Mix the powders, add the mucilage and sufficient water to form a proper 
mass, and divide into 720 lozenges. 
Dose : 1 to 6 lozenges. 
The French Codex employs tragacanth instead of gum arabic. 



TTAX OXALATE OF CEEIUM. 117 

Mixtures of Catechu. 

Take of Tincture of catechu 1 drachm. 

Bicarbonate of potassium 10 grains. 

Cinnamon water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. British Shin Hospital. 

Take of Tincture of catechu 30 minims. 

Chalk mixture to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. University College Hospital. 



CERA— WAX. 
CERA ALBA (XL S. et al. Ph.)— WHITE WAX. 

Yellow wax bleached by exposure to light and moisture. 



CERA FLAYA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— YELLOW WAX. 

The prepared honey-comb of the honey-bee (Apis mellifica, L.). Wax is 
used in making cerates, ointments, and plasters. 



CERATA— CERATES. 

A cerate is a mixture of wax and some fatty or oily substance, of a con- 
sistence between that of an ointment and a plaster. It should be soft 
enough to be spread with ease, but sufficiently hard to adhere to the skin 
without melting. 

Ceratum (U. S., Fr.) — Cerate— Simple Cerate. 

Take of Lard 8 ounces. 

White wax 4 ounces. 

Melt together, and stir until cool. 

The French Codex employs oil of sweet almond, 3 parts ; white wax, 
1 part. 



CERII OXALAS (U. S., Br.)— OXALATE OF CERIUM. 

Obtained from the mineral cerite, an ore of cerium, or by adding a solu- 
tion of oxalate of ammonium to a solution of any salt of cerium. 

It is a white powder, without odor or taste. Used to allay obstinate 
vomiting, especially that of pregnant women. 

Dose : 1 to 4 grains. 



118 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Capsules of Ox at, ate of Cerium. 

Take of Oxalate of cerium 80 grains. 

Divide into 20 capsules. 

Dose : 1 capsule every fourth hour. In the sickness of pregnancy. 

"This remedy is usually administered in doses so small as to be quite 
inefficient ; but, in the above manner, I have found it more frequently use- 
ful than any other drug." Fordyce Barker. 

Pllls of Oxalate of Cerium. 

Take of Oxalate of cerium 3 grains. 

Extract of gentian sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. London Chest Hospital. 



CETACEUM (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— SPEBMACETL 

A concrete substance obtained from the head of the spermaceti whale 
(Physeter macrocephalus, L.). When pure, it is in white, translucent, crys- 
talline masses, unctuous to the touch, of an oily odor and insipid taste. 
It is used in the preparation of ointments and cerates, and internally as a 
demulcent. 

Dose : 15 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Ceratum Cetacei (U. S., Ger.) — Spermaceti Cerate. 

Take of Spermaceti 1 ounce. 

White wax 3 ounces. 

Olive oil 5 ounces. 

Melt the spermaceti and wax together ; then add the oil previously 
heated, and stir constantly until cool. 

Spermatic Ointment (Br.). 

Take of Spermaceti 5 ounces. 

White wax 2 ounces. 

Almond oil 20 ounces. 

Melt together with a gentle heat, and stir constantly until cool. 

Saccharated Spermaceti (Ger.). 

Take of Spermaceti 1 part. 

Sugar 3 parts. 

Mix, and rub into a very fine powder. 



ICELAND MOSS WORM-SEED. 119 

Mixture of Spermaceti. 

Take of Spermaceti 15 grains. 

Chloric ether 5 minims. 

Compound tragacanth powder 20 grains. 

Pimento water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 



CETRAKIA (II. S. ct al. Ph.)— ICELAND MOSS. 

The lichen, Cetraria Islandicus, Acharius {Nat. ord., Lichenes). Indi- 
genous to the northern hemisphere, growing in high latitudes. 

Iceland moss is demulcent and nutritious, owing to the large percentage 
of starch which it contains. It also contains a bitter, tonic principle, which 
improves the appetite and aids digestion. Chiefly used in chronic pulmo- 
nary complaints. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Deeoetum Cetrariae (U. S., Br.) — Decoction of Iceland Moss. 

Take of Iceland moss \ ounce. 

AVater sufficient. 

Boil the moss in 1 pint of water for fifteen minutes, strain with com- 
pression, and add sufficient water through the strainer to make 1 pint. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 
The British Pharmacopoeia directs the projwrtion of 1 to 20. 

Iceland Moss Without Bitterness (Ger.). 

Take of Iceland moss 5 parts. 

Tepid water 30 parts. 

Solution of carbonate of potassium 1 part. 

Macerate for three hours, and then wash with cold water. 



CHEXOPODIUM (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— WOKMSEED. 

The fruit of Chenopodium Anthelminticum, L. (Nat. ord., Chenopodiacece), 
an annual herb indigenous to Tropical America, but naturalized in the United 
States, especially in the southern portions. 

Though the fruit alone is officinal, all parts of the plant are efficient as 
an anthelmintic. The fresh juice, the seed, or the oil may be used for the 
destruction of lumbricoid worms. 

Dose : 10 to 40 grains. 



120 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Oleum Chenopodii (U. S.) — Oil of Wormseed. 

The oil distilled from wormseed. 
Dose : 4 to 8 minims. 

Decoction of Wormseed. 

Take of Wormseed leaves 1 ounce. 

Water (or milk) 1 pint. 

Boil and strain. 
Dose : 4 to 8 ounces. 



CHLMAPHILA (U. S., Fr.)— PIPSISSEWA. 

The leaves of Chimaphila umbellata, Nutt. (Nat. ord., Ericacece), a small 
shrub indigenous to the northern hemisphere. 

Pipsissewa is diuretic, tonic, and astringent. Employed in urinary af- 
fections, as hematuria, cystitis, gleet, etc. 

Dose : \ to 1 drachm. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Deeoetum Chimaphilae (U. S.) — Decoction of Pipsissewa. 

Take of Pipsissewa 1 ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil the pipsissewa in 1 pint of water for fifteen minutes, strain, and 
add sufficient water through the strainer to make 1 pint. 
Dose : 2 to 4 ounces. 

Extractum Chimaphilae Fluidum (U. S.)— Fluid Extract of Pipsissewa. 

Take of Pipsissewa 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the pip- 
sissewa with 8 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161. Finish the percolation with diluted alcohol, reserve 
14 ounces, and add 1 ounce of glycerin to the remainder before evapora- 
tion. 

Dose : \ to 1 drachm. 



CHLRATA HYDRATE OF CHLORAL. 121 



CHIEETTA (U. S., Br.)— CHIEATA. 

The entire plant Ophelia Chirata, Griseb. {Nat. ord., Gentianacece) , an 
herb indigenous to India. 

Its properties are very similar to those of gentian, and it is used for the 
same purposes. 

Dose : & to 1 drachni. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Infusion of Chirata (Br.). 

Take of Chirata J ounce. 

Distilled water at 120° 10 ounces. 

Infuse for half an hour, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Tincture of Chirata (Br.). 

Take of Chirata 2£ ounces. 

Proof spirit sufficient. 

By maceration and percolation, obtain 20 ounces of tincture. 
Dose : -J- to 2 drachms. 



CHLOEAL (U. S., Br., Ger.)— HYDRATE OF CHLOEAL. 

By passing dry chlorine gas through absolute alcohol, and purifying the 
product by distillation, first over sulphuric acid and then over quicklime, 
anhydrous chloral is obtained. This is a thin, oily liquid, which, mixed 
with one -eighth its weight of water, forms a hydrate. 

Hydrate of chloral occurs in crystalline masses, which attract moisture 
in a moist atmosphere, and slowly evaporate, without liquefying, in dry air. 
It is readily soluble in water, alcohol, chloroform, ether, and oils, has an 
aromatic odor, and a peculiar, pungent taste. It is a valuable hypnotic 
and antispasmodic. Used in insomnia, hysteria, convulsions, delirium 
tremens, mania, tetanus, etc. Applied externally, it exerts an antiseptic 
and deodorizing influence, and is used in skin diseases and as a surgical 
dressing. 

Dose : 1 to 10 grains for children ; 10 to 30 for adults. Generally ad- 
ministered in aqueous solution, flavored with an aromatic syrup. 



122 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Sykup of Chloral (Br.). 

Take of Hydrate of chloral 80 grains. 

Distilled water 4 drachms. 

Simple syrup sufficient. 

Dissolve the chloral in the water, and add syrup to make 1 ounce. 
Dose : | to 2 drachms. 

Injection of Chloral. 

Take of Chloral 1 to 4 grains, 

Water 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. An excellent injection for gonorrhoea. Bartholow. 

Lotion of Chloral. 

Take of Chloral 20 parts. 

Glycerin 5 parts. 

Bay rum 50 parts. 

"Water to 200 parts. 

Mix. Use for pityriasis capitis. G. H Fox. 

Mixtures of Chloral. 

Take of Chloral 15 grains. 

Fluid extract of conium seed 15 minims. 

Fluid extract of hyoscyamus 15 minims. 

Water . . . , to 1 drachm. 

Mix. One dose ; to be taken thrice daily, after meals. 

Hospital Formulary. 

Take of Chloral 1 drachm. 

Bromide of potassium . . . . • 2 drachms. 

Syrup of wild cherry 1 ounce. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm three times a day, for an infant under one year. 
In the convulsive stage of whooping-cough. H. S. Dessau. 

Take of Chloral 3 drachms. 

Sulphate of morphia 4 grains. 

Cherry -laurel water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 15 to 30 minims. For cholera, cholera morbus, etc. 

Bartholow. 

Take of Hydrate of chloral 15 grains. 

Bromide of potassium 15 grains. 

Syrup of tolu J drachm. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Middlesex Hospital. 



CHLOROFORM. 123 

Tate of Chloral 20 grains. 

Syrup of orange flowers 40 minims. 

Syrup of tolu 40 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Throat Hospital. 



CHLOROFORMUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CHLOROFORM. 

The United States Pharmacopoeia recognizes Chloroformum Cenale (Com- 
mercial Chloroform), and from it prepares Chloroformum Purificatum (Puri- 
fied Chloroform), while the European Pharmacopoeias recognize only the 
pure article. 

Chloroform is prepared by distilling a mixture of alcohol, chlorinated 
lime, and water. It is, when pure, a heavy, colorless, volatile liquid, of an 
ethereal odor, and a hot, saccharine taste. It is slightly soluble in water, 
freely soluble in alcohol and ether, and readily dissolves fats, oils, resins, 
iodine, bromine, etc. 

The effects of chloroform are much like those of ether, but its action is 
more rapid and powerful. Taken into the stomach it acts as an anodyne 
and antispasmodic. It is, however, seldom used in this manner at the 
present day, having been superseded by chloral. Administered by inhala- 
tion, it quickly produces anaesthesia, and is largely used for this purpose in 
surgical and obstetrical operations, hepatic and renal colic, and other pain- 
ful affections, though it is much more dangerous than ether. It has been 
used hypodermically in neuralgia, and is often employed externally as a 
topical anodyne. 

Dose : 5 to 60 minims. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Linimentum Chloroformi (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Liniment of Chloroform. 

Take of Purified chloroform (by weight) 3 ounces. 

Olive oil (by weight) 4 ounces. 

Mix. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs : chloroform, liniment of camphor, 
each an equal measure ; the French Codex : chloroform 1 part, oil of sweet 
almonds 9 parts. 

Mistura Chloroformi (U. S.) — Chloroform Mixture. 

Take of Purified chloroform (by w T eight) \ ounce. 

Camphor 60 grains. 

The yolk of one egg. 

Water 6 ounces. 

Eub the yolk first by itself, then with the camphor dissolved in the chlo- 
roform, and lastly, with the water gradually added. 
Dose : \ to 1 ounce. 



124 MEDICAL FORMULARY, 

Spiritus Chloroformi (U. S., Br.) — Spirit of Chloroform. 

Take of Purified chloroform (by weight) 1 ounce. 

Alcohol 12 ounces. 

Dissolve. 

Dose : £ to 1 drachm. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs the proportion of 1 to 19, by measure. 

Chloroform Water (Br.). 

Take of Chloroform 1 drachm. 

Distilled water 25 ounces. 

Put them together in a well-stopped bottle, and shake until the chloro- 
form is entirely dissolved. 
Dose : \ to 2 ounces. 

Chloroform Ointment (Fr.). 

Take of Chloroform 20 parts. 

White wax 10 parts. 

Lard 90 parts. 

Melt the wax and lard on a water-bath, in a large-necked bottle, and, 
when partially cool, add the chloroform, and shake until cold. 

Take of Chloroform 2 drachms. 

Glycerin J ounce. 

Cerate 1£ ounce. 

Mix. For pruritus ani. J. W. Wright. 

Mixtures of Chloroform. 

Take of Spirit of chloroform 15 minims. 

Compound tincture of camphor 20 minims. 

Syrup of squill \ drachm. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Middlesex Hospital. 

Take of Chloroform 5 minims. 

Camphor 5 grains. 

Mucilage 60 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Guy's Hospital. 

Take of Spirit of chloroform % ounce. 

Compound tincture of cardamom 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : ^ drachm in \ ounce of water, every half-hour until re- 
lieved. In colic depending on flatulence. A. A. Smith. 






CARRAGEEN BLACK SNAKEROOT. 125 

Take 01 Spirit of chloroform 1£ drachm. 

Diluted hydrocyanic acid Ik drachm. 

Tincture of hyoscyainus -^ ounce. 

Camphor water to 4 ounces. 



Mix. Dose : 1 drachm in 4 ounce of water, every two hours. A cough 
mixture in phthisis, when it is undesirable to use opiates. A. A. Smith. 



CIIOXDKUS (IT. S., Fr., Ger.)— IRISH MOSS— CARRAGEEN. 

The entire frond of Chondrus crispus, Greville (Nat. ord., Algoe), a sea- 
weed growing on the rocks along the shore from New England northward, 
and also along the coast of Europe. Our present supply comes mainly from 
Massachusetts. It is demulcent, nutritive, and slightly alterative. Used 
chiefly in chronic catarrhal affections, whether of the pulmonary or urinary 
system. 

Decoction of Ieish Moss. 

Take of Irish moss \ ounce. 

Water \\ pint. 

Boil to 1 pint, strain, and flavor with lemon juice and sugar. 
Dose : 4 to 6 ounces. 



CIMICIFITGA (IT. S.)— CIMICIFUGA— BLACK SNAKEROOT. 

The rhizome of Cimicifuga racemosa, Ell. (Nat. ord., Ranunculacew), an 
herbaceous perennial indigenous to North America. 

It has a faint, unpleasant odor, a bitter, acrid taste, and acts as a stimu- 
lant, antispasmodic, and sedative. As a stimulant to the secretions it is 
used in chronic bronchitis, phthisis, amenorrhcea, dropsy, etc., while its 
sedative effect is beneficial in chorea. It is also used in rheumatism, 
lumbago, after-pains, etc. 

Dose : 20 to 60 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Extr actum Cimieifugae Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Cimicifuga. 

Take of Cimicifuga 16 ounces. 

Stronger alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the cimicifuga with 4 ounces of the alcohol, and proceed ac- 
cording to the general formula, page 161. 
Dose : 20 to 60 minims. 



126 MEDICAL FORMULAKY. 

TlNCTUSE OF ClMICmJGA. 

Take of Ciraicifuga , 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 5 parts. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. J. P. Remington, Report of Am. Ph. Ass'n. 



Resin of Cimicifuga — Cimicifugin — Macrotin. 

Take of Cimicifuga 16 parts. 

Alcohol (sp. gr. 0.835) sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate until 16 parts of tincture are obtained. 
Evaporate this to a thick, syrupy consistence, pour into warm water, stir 
well, and allow to settle. Decant the supernatant liquid, wash the pre- 
cipitate with successive portions of warm water until the washings are 
nearly tasteless and colorless ; then cool the resinous mass, break it into 
small pieces, dry by exposure to the air, and powder it. 

It is of a light, yellowish brown color when powdered, and has a pe- 
culiar, smoky odor, and a sweetish taste. 

Dose : J to 2 grains. J. U. Lloyd. 



Mixtuke of Cimicifuga. 

Take of Water 4 ounces. 

Syrup of orange peel 2|- ounces. 

Tincture of cinnamon 3 drachms. 

Tincture of nux vomica 1 drachm. 

Fluid extract of cimicifuga 1 ounce. 

Gallic acid 2 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : J ounce every third hour, in a little water, commencing 
the day before the normal end of the menstrual period. For uterine and 
ovarian neuralgia, associated with prolonged menstruation that is con- 
tinued four or five days beyond the normal period of the individual. 

Fordyce Barker. 



CINCHONA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CINCHONA— PERUVIAN 

BAEK. 

The bark of all species of cinchona (Nat. ord., Rubiaceoe), containing at 
least two per cent, of the proper cinchona alkaloids, which yield crystalliza- 
ble salts. 

CINCHONA FLAVA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— YELLOW CINCHONA. 
The bark of Cinchona Calisaya, Weddell. 



PALE CINCHONA RED CINCHONA. 127 

CINCHONA PALLIDA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— PALE CINCHONA. 
The bark of Cinchona officinalis, Hooker. 
CINCHONA RUBRA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— KED CINCHONA. 

The bark of Cinchona succirubra, Pavon. 

In addition to the above-named, several other species of cinchona con- 
tribute to supply the market with this valuable drug. All the species of 
the genus are trees or shrubs indigenous to South America, but some of 
them are now successfully cultivated in Java and Ceylon. 

Cinchona is the most valuable of vegetable tonics and febrifuges. As a 
tonic, it is employed in nearly all cases of debility ; as a febrifuge, at one 
time or another, in nearly all cases of fever, but especially in those of a 
miasmatic origin. Its power over intermittent fever is so remarkable as to 
entitle it to be considered a specific ; and it is in this disease, particularly, 
that its eftects are most strikingly displayed. But in other fevers, and in 
acute innammatory affections, as pneumonia and rheumatism, in full doses, 
it lowers the pulse, reduces the temperature, and produces, at least, a tem- 
porary lull in the progress of the disease. 

These effects are due to the presence of a number of alkaloids, which 
the bark contains, the most important being, in the order of their relative 
value, quinia, quinidia, cinchonia, cinchonidia. When the most decided 
effects of cinchona are desired, these alkaloids, or rather, some of their 
salts, are generally employed ; while for the simple tonic effects, the bark, 
or some of its preparations, may be used. 

Dose : 10 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Decoetum Cinchonae Flavae (U. S.,Br.) — Decoction of Yellow Cinchona. 

Take of Yellow cinchona 1 ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil fifteen minutes, strain, and add sufficient water through the strain- 
er to make 1 pint. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Deeoetum Cinchonae Rubrae (U. S.) — Decoction of Ked Cinchona. 
Made in the same manner as the preceding preparation. 

Extractum Cinchonae (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— Extract of Cinchona. 

Take of Yellow cinchona 12 ounces. 

Alcohol 3 pints. 

Water sufficient. 

Macerate the cinchona in 20 ounces of the alcohol for four days, then 
percolate with the remainder, continuing the process with water until 3 



128 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

pints are obtained. Beserve this, and continue the percolation with water 
until 6 pints more are obtained. Distil off the alcohol from the tincture, 
evaporate the residue and the infusion separately, to the consistence of 
thin honey, then mix, and evaporate to a proper consistence. 
Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 



Extr actum Cinchonas Fluidum (U. S., Br.) — Fluid Extract of Cin- 
chona. 

Take of Yellow cinchona 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the cin- 
chona with 5 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161. Continue the percolation with diluted alcohol until 2 
pints are obtained, reserve 14 ounces, and add 1 ounce of glycerin to the 
remainder before evaporation. 

Dose : 10 to 60 minims, or more, as an antiperiodic. 

Liquid Extract of Yellow Cinchona (Br.). 

Infusum Cinchonae Flavae (U. S., Br.) — Infusion of Yellow Cinchona. 

Take of Yellow cinchona 1 ounce. 

Aromatic sulphuric acid 1 drachm. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix the acid with 1 pint of water, moisten, pack, and percolate the cin- 
chona with the mixture, continuing with the water until the filtered liquid 
measures 1 pint. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs : cinchona % ounce ; water, 10 ounces. 

Infusum Cinchonas Rubras (U. S.) — Infusion of Bed Cinchona, 
Made in the same manner as the preceding preparation. 

Tinetura Cinchonae (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Tincture of Cinchona. 

Take of Yellow cinchona 6 ounces. 

Alcohol, 3 parts — Water, 1 part sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : \ to 4 drachms. 



i 



SULPHATE OF CINCHONIA. 129 

Tinctura Cinehonae Composita (U. S., Br., Ger. )— Compound Tinc- 
ture of Cinchona. 

Take of Red cinchona 4 ounces. 

Bitter orange peel 3 ounces. 

Serpentaria 360 grains. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2^ pints. 

Dose : J to 1 drachms. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs : pale cinchona, 2 ounces ; bitter- 
orange peel, 1 ounce ; serpentaria, J ounce ; saffron, 60 grains ; cochineal, 
30 grains ; proof spirit, 20 ounces ; the German Pharmacopoeia : pale 
cinchona, 6 parts ; orange-peel, 2 parts ; gentian, 2 parts ; cinnamon, 1 
part ; diluted alcohol, 50 parts. 



Mixture of Cinchona and Rhubarb. 

Take of Compound tincture of cinchona 1J ounce. 

Mixture of rhubarb and soda 1£ ounce. 

Aromatic syrup of rhubarb ^ ounce. 

Mix. Dose : £ ounce at night, or night and morning. - 



A tonic laxative, useful in gastric derangements and vertigo. The mix- 
ture of rhubarb and soda contains 15 grains of each in an ounce of pepper- 
mint water F. A. Burr all. 



CIXOHONLE SULPHAS (U. S., Br., Fr.)— SULPHATE OF 

CLSTCHOMA. 

Take of the mother-water remaining after the crystallization of the 
sulphate of quinia, a convenient quantity. Add solution of soda until the 
liquid is alkaline, collect, wash and dry the precipitate. Then wash it with 
successive small portions of alcohol to remove other alkaloids, mix the 
residue with eight times its weight of water, heat, add diluted sulphuric acid 
until it becomes clear, boil with animal charcoal, filter while hot, and set 
aside to crystallize. Dry the crystals on bibulous paper. 

It is in white, shining crystals, of a bitter taste, and soluble in 54 parts 
of water. 

Sulphate of cinchonia is used in the same manner, and for the same 
purposes, as sulphate of quinia. It has the advantage of being more sol- 
uble and less bitter, but is less active than sulphate of quinia, and should 
be administered in doses one-third larger. 

Dose : 1 to 20 grains. 
9 



130 MEDICAL FOKMULARY. 

Mixture of Sulphate of Cinchonia. 

Take of Sulphate of ciiichouia 1 drachm. 

Tincture of chloride of iron 2 drachms. 

Water to 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. Hospital Formulary, 

Pills of Sulphate of Clnchonia. 

Take of Sulphate of cinchonia 1 drachm. 

Extract of cinchona sufficient. 

Mix and divide into 20 pills. 
Dose : 1 to 6 pills. 

Capsules of Sulphate of Clnchonia. 

Take of Sulphate of cinchonia J drachm. 

Carbonate of ammonium 15 grains. 

Camphor 8 grains. 

Sulphate of morphia \ grain. 

Mix and divide into 4 capsules. 

Dose : 1 capsule at bedtime. In acute bronchial catarrh. 

Daniel Lewis. 



CINCHONIDM SULPHAS— SULPHATE OF CINCHONIDIA. 

Cinchonidia exists only in certain varieties of cinchona, and the sul- 
phate is obtained from the mother-water remaining from the crystalliza- 
tion of sulphate of quinia, when manufactured from these barks. It is in 
white, acicular crystals, resembling those of sulphate of quinia, of a bitter 
taste, and soluble in 85 parts of water. Used as a tonic and antiperiodic. 

Dose : 1 to 20 grains. 



CINNAMOMUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CINNAMON. 

The inner bark of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum, Breyne {Nat. ord., Laura- 
cece), a small evergreen tree indigenous to Ceylon, where it is largely cul- 
tivated, and attains its greatest perfection. It is also cultivated in India 
and other tropical countries, but the product is inferior. 

Cinnamon is an aromatic stimulant, and, owing to its agreeable taste, is 
largely used as a flavoring agent. 

Dose : 10 to 20 grains. 



CINNAMON. 131 

PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua Cinnamomi (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Cinnamon Water. 

Take of Oil of cinnamon £ drachm. 

Carbonate of magnesium 60 grains. 

Distilled water 2 pints. 

Rub the oil -with the carbonate of magnesium, then with the water, 
added gradually, and filter. Or, mix 18 ounces of cinnamon with 16 pints 
of water, and distil 8 pints. 

The European Pharmacopoeias employ the latter process. Used as a 
vehicle. 

Oleum Cinnarnorrii (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Oil of Cinnamon. 
The oil distilled from cinnamon bark. 
Dose : 1 to 2 minims. 

Spiritus Cinnamomi (U. S., Fr.) — Spirit of Cinnamon. 

Take of Oil of cinnamon 1 ounce. 

Stronger alcohol 15 ounces. 

Dissolve. 

Dose : 10 to 30 minims. 

The French Codex directs : cinnamon, 1 part ; alcohol 8 parts ; distil off 
the spirit. 

Tinctura Cinnamomi (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Tincture of Cinnamon. 

Take of Cinnamon 3 ounces. 

Alcohol, 2 parts — Water, 1 part sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 1 to 3 drachms. 

Pulvis Aromaticus (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Aromatic Powder. 

Take of Cinnamon 2 ounces. 

Ginger 2 ounces. 

Cardamom 1 ounce. 

Nutmeg 1 ounce. 

Rub together into a fine powder. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs : equal parts of cinnamon, ginger, 
and cardamom ; the German Pharmacopoeia : cinnamon 5 parts ; cardamom 
3 parts ; ginger 2 parts. 

Confeetio Aromatiea (U. S.) — Aromatic Confection. 

Take of Aromatic powder 4 ounces. 

Clarified honey (by weight) 4 ounces. 

Rub together. 



132 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Syrup of Cinnamon (Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Cinnamon water 50 parts. 

Sugar 95 parts. 

Dissolve by agitation, without heat, and filter. 



COCCUS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— COCHINEAL, 

Cochineal is a small insect (Coccus cacti, L.), indigenous to Mexico and 
Central America, which feeds upon a species of cactus. 

Though formerly considered medicinal, it is now only used to color 
medicinal preparations. 

PREPARATION. 

Tincture of Cochtneal (Br., Fr.). 

Take of Cochineal 2-| ounces. 

Proof spirit 20 ounces. 

Macerate for seven days, strain, press, filter, and add sufficient proof 
spirit to make 20 ounces. 



CODEIA (Fr., Ger.)— CODEIA. 

Codeia is an alkaloid which exists in opium, in combination with me- 
conic acid, and is separated in the process for obtaining morphia. 

It occurs in colorless crystals, of a bitter taste, and possessing narcotic 
properties. It is said to produce less unpleasant after-effects than opium 
or morphia. 

Dose : ^ to 3 grains. 



COLCHICUM— MEADOW SAFFKOK 
COLCHICI KADIX (U. S., Br., Fr.)— COLCHICUM EOOT. 
COLCHICI SEMEN (U. S. et al. Ph.)— COLCHICUM SEED. 

The conn and seed of Colchicum autumnale, L. (Nat. ord., Alelanthacece), 
a bulbous perennial indigenous to Europe. Its flowers resemble those of 
the crocus, and are produced in autumn, while the seed is not matured 
until the following summer. 

Colchicum stimulates the secretions, and, in full doses, acts as an emeto- 
cathartic ; in overdoses it is a dangerous poison. Its stimulant effect is 
followed by a sedative action, which is especially beneficial in rheumatism 
and gout. In this latter disease, particularly, large doses of colchicum 



COLCHICUM ROOT AND SEED. 133 

produce the happiest effect, often relieving pain and reducing the inflam- 
mation very quickly. 

Dose : Of the root, 2 to 8 grains ; of the seed, 2 to 10 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Extr actum Colehici Aeetieum (U. S., Br.) — Acetic Extract of Colchi- 

cum. 

Take of Colchicum root 12 ounces. 

Acetic acid 4 ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix the acid with'l pint of water, add the colchicum, pack, and perco- 
late with water until the root is exhausted. Evaporate the liquid on a 
water-bath, to a proper consistence. 

Dose : 1 to 2 grains. 

The British preparation is made from the fresh corm. Another British 
preparation, extract of colchicum, is made by evaporating the juice. 



Extr actum Colehici Radieis Fluidum(U. S.)— Fluid Extract of Col- 
chicum Root. 

Take of Colchicum root 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 12 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 1 of water, moisten the colchi- 
cum with 5 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161. Finish the percolation with diluted alcohol, reserve 14 
ounces, and add 1 ounce of glycerin to the remainder, before evaporation. 

Dose : 2 to 8 minims. 



Extraetum Colehici Seminis Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Col- 
chicum Seed. 

Prepared in the same manner as the preceding preparation. 
Dose : 2 to 10 minims. 



Tinctura Colehici (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Tincture of Colchicum. 

Take of Colchicum seed 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 15 to 60 minims. 



134 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Vinum Colchici Radieis (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Wine of Colcliicum Root. 

Take of Colchicuin root 12 ounces. 

Sherry wine , sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 10 to 20 minims. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs the proportion of 1 to 5 ; the French 
Codex, 3 to 50. 

Vinum Colchici Seminis (U. S., Fr., Ger.) — Wine of Colchicum Seed. 

Take of Colchicum seed 4 ounces. 

Sherry wine 2 pints. 

Macerate for seven days, express and filter. 

The French Codex directs the proportion of 3 to 50 ; the German Phar- 
macopoeia, 1 to 10. 

Alcoholic Extract of Colchicum Seed (Fr.). 

Take of Colchicum seed 1 part. 

Alcohol (60£) 6 parts. 

Digest the seed in half of the alcohol, express and filter. Treat the resi- 
due in like manner with the remainder of the alcohol, mix the liquids, dis- 
til off the spirit, concentrate on a water bath, dissolve in four times its weight 
of cold distilled water, filter, and evaporate to a thick extract. 

Dose : ^ to 2 grains. 

Tincture of Colchicum Root (Fr.). 

Take of Colchicum root 1 part. 

Alcohol (60f o ) 5 parts. 

Macerate for ten days, express and filter. 
Dose : 10 to 50 minims. 

Vinegar of Colchicum (Ger., Fr.). 

Take of Colchicum seed 1 part. 

Alcohol 1 part. 

Pure vinegar 9 parts. 

Digest for eight days, express and filter. 
Dose : J to 1 drachm. 

The French Codex directs : colchicum root, 1 part ; white vinegar, 12 
parts. 

Mixtures of Colchicum. 

Take of Wine of colchicum seed 3 drachms. 

Aromatic spirit of ammonia 13 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every three hours, until some physiological ef- 
fect is produced. In gout. Bartholow. 



COLOCYNTH. 135 

Take of Wine of colcliicum seed J ounce. 

Solution of acetate of ammonium 2J ounces. 

Infusion of parsley 5 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : h ounce every four hours. In dropsy. Bartholow. 

Take of Tincture of colckicuni seed 6 minims. 

Bicarbonate of potassium , 5 grains. 

Pimento water , 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. British Skin Hospital 

Take of Tincture of colchicum seed 15 minims. 

Carbonate of magnesium 6 grains. 

Sulphate of magnesium 30 grains. 

Peppermint water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. University College Hospital. 

Pills of Colchicum. 

Take of Acetic extract of colchicum 1 grain. 

Extract of belladonna J grain. 

Extract of chamomile 2 grains. 

Make 1 pill. St. Thomas's Hospital. 

Take of Acetic extract of colchicum 2 grains. 

Dover's powder 3 grains. 

Make 1 pill. Middlesex Hospital. 

Take of Acetic extract of colchicum 1 grain. 

Blue pill o 2 grains. 

Extract of gentian 2 grains. 

Make 1 pill. Charing Cross Hospital 

Take of Acetic extract of colchicum 1 grain. 

Sulphate of quinia 1 grain. 

Make 1 pill. London Ophthalmic Hospital. 



COLOCYOTHIS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— COLOOYNTH. 

The pulp of the fruit of Citrullus Colocynthis, Royle (Nat. ord., Cucurbi- 
tacece), an herbaceous vine, with perennial root, indigenous to Asia and 
Africa. The fruit resembles an orange in size and general appearance, but 
has a hard rind. 

Colocynth is a drastic hydragogue. On account of its extremely vio- 
lent action, it is seldom used alone. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 



136 MEDICAL FOEMULARY. 

PREPARATION. 

Extr actum Coloeynthidis (U. S., Fr., Ger.) — Extract of Colocynth. 

Take of Colocyntk 48 ounces. 

Diluted alcokol sufficient. 

Macerate tke colocyntk in 8 pints of tke alcokol for four days, and ex- 
press. Tken percolate tke residue with diluted alcokol until tke tinc- 
ture and expressed liquids, taken togetker, measure 16 pints. Mix tkem, 
distil off 10 pints of alcokol, and evaporate tke residue to dryness on a 
water-bath. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 

Extr actum Coloeynthidis Compositum (XL S., Br., Ger.) — Com- 
pound Extract of Colocyntk. 

Take of Extract of colocyntk 3|- ounces. 

Purified aloes 12 ounces. 

Resin of scammony 3 ounces. 

Cardamom 1| ounce. 

Soap 3 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 5 to 30 grains. 

Tke Britisk preparation is made by macerating colocyntk, togetker witk 
tke other ingredients, in proof spirit, and evaporating tke tincture to a pilu- 
lar consistence. 

Pilulae Catharticae Compositae (U. S.) — Compound Cathartic Pills. 

Take of Compound extract of colocynth 32 grains. 

Extract of jalap 24 grains. 

Mild chloride of mercury 24 grains. 

Gamboge 6 grains. 

Mix tke powders, form a mass witk water, and divide into 24 pills. 
Dose : 1 to 4 pills. 

Compound Pill of Colocynth (Br., Fr.). 

Take of Colocynth 1 ounce. 

Barbadoes aloes 2 ounces. 

Scammony 2 ounces. 

Sulphate of potassium ^ ounce. 

Oil of cloves 2 drachms. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Mix the powders, add the oil of cloves, and beat into a mass with water. 
Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 

Pill of Colocynth and Hyoscyamus (Br.). 

Take of Compound pill of colocynth 2 ounces. 

Extract of hyoscyamus 1 ounce. 

Beat together. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 



COLLODION. 137 

Tincture of Colocynth (Ger.). 

Take of Colocynth 1 part. 

Alcohol 10 parts. 

Prepare a tincture by maceration. 
Dose : 15 to 30 minims. 

Pills of Colocynth. 

Take of Compound colocynth pill 2 grains. 

Blue pill 1| grain. 

Ipecacuanha ^ grain. 

Extract of henbane 1 grain. 

Make 1 pill. University College Hospital. 



Take of Compound colocynth pill 4 grains. 

Croton oil ^ minim. 

Make 1 pill. King's College Hospital. 

Take of Compound extract of colocynth 30 grains. 

Eesin of podophyllum 2 grains. 

Extract of nux vomica 3 grains. 

^lix, and divide into 10 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill at bedtime. In habitual constipation. 



COLLODIUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— COLLODION". 

Take of Pyroxylon 200 grains. 

Stronger ether , 12 J ounces. 



Alcohol 3^ 



ounces. 



Mix the ether and alcohol in a suitable bottle, add the pyroxylon, and 
dissolve. 

Used as a dressing for abrasions, wounds, etc., and as a vehicle for vesi- 
cants and irritants. 

Collodium Flexile (U. S., Br., Ger.)— Flexible CoUodion. 

Take of Collodion 1 pint. 

Canada turpentine 320 grains. 

Castor oil 160 grains. 

Mix. 

See also Carbolized Collodion. 



138 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

CONIUM— POISON HEMLOCK. 
COXII FKUCTUS (U. S., Br., Fr.)— CONIUM SEED. 
COOTI FOLIA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— CONIUM LEAVES. 

The unripe fruit and leaves of Conium maculaturn, L. (Nat. ord., Um- 
beUiferae) a tall, biennial herb indigenous to the Old World, but naturalized 
here. 

Though the seed and leaves are recognized by the United States Phar- 
macopoeia, the latter are generally considered unreliable except when fresh. 

Coniiim is a powerful sedative of the centres of motion, and, in sufficient 
doses, paralyzes them. Its action is, in fact, directly the reverse of that of 
strychnia. It is used in tetanus, chorea, epilepsy, spasmodic croup, acute 
mania, and other nervous and mental diseases. 

Too great stress cannot be laid upon the necessity of using an efficient 
preparation of this plant. Its active principle, conia, is volatile, and is lost 
from the leaves and seed by long keeping. 

Dose : of the fruit, ^ to 4 grains ; of the leaves, 3 to 8 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extr actum Conii (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Extract of Conium. 

Take of Conium leaves, fresh 12 ounces. 

Bruise the leaves, sprinkling on a little water, and express the juice ; 
heat this to the boiling point, filter, and evaporate to a proper consistence, 
either in a vacuum with the aid of heat, or in shallow vessels, at the ordi- 
nary temperature, by means of a current of air directed over the surface 
of the liquid. 

Dose : 1 to 3 grains. 

An unreliable preparation, often wholly inert. 

Extractum Conii Alcoholieum (U. S., Fr.) — Alcoholic Extract of 

Conium. 

Take of Conium leaves, recently dried 12 ounces. 

Alcohol 1 pint. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the conium with the alcohol, then percolate with diluted alco- 
hol until 1 pint of tincture is obtained ; allow this to evaporate spontane- 
ously to 3 ounces, continue the percolation until 2 pints more are obtained 
or the conium is exhausted ; evaporate this, at or below 160°, to the con- 
sistence of syrup, add the 3 ounces of reserved liquid, and continue the 
evaporation, at or below 120°, until reduced to a proper consistence. 

Dose : J to 2 grains. 

Scarcely more reliable than the preceding. 

The French Codex prepares also an alcoholic extract of conium seed. 



CONIUM SEED AND LEAVES. 139 

Extr actum Conii Fructus Fluidum (U. S.)— Fluid Extract of Conium 

Seed. 

Take of Conium seed 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 1 ounces. 

Hydrochloric acid 180 grains. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the 
conium with 4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161. Finish the percolation with diluted alcohol, reserve 
11 ounces, and add the acid and one ounce of glycerin to the remainder 
before evaporation. 

Dose : 3 to 5 minims. 

Suceus Conii (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Juice of Conium. 

Take of Fresh conium leaves a convenient quantity. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Bruise the leaves, express, and to every 5 measures of juice add 1 meas- 
ure of alcohol. After seven days, filter. 

Dose : 30 to 60 minims. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs the proportion of 3 to 1. The French 
Codex makes a similar preparation by macerating the fresh leaves in an 
equal weight of alcohol for ten days. 

Tinctura Conii (U. S., Br., Fr.)— Tincture of Conium. 

Take of Conium leaves, recently dried 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 

Dose : \ to 2 drachms. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs : conium seed, 2 J- ounces ; proof 
spirit, 20 ounces ; the French Codex : conium leaves, 1 part ; alcohol (60$), 
5 parts. The French Codex prepares also an ethereal tincture. 



Conium Ointment (Ger.). 

Take of Extract of conium 1 part. 

Wax ointment 9 parts. 

Mix. 

Conium Plastee (Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Alcoholic extract of conium 90 parts. 

Elemi 20 parts. 

White wax 10 parts. 

Melt the elemi and wax together, then add the extract of conium. 



140 MEDICAL FORMULAE Y. 

Hemlock Poultice (Br.). 

Take of Hemlock leaves 1 ounce. 

Linseed meal 3 ounces. 

Boiling water 10 ounces. 

Mix the hemlock and meal, and add them to the water gradually, with 
constant stirring. 

Mixtures of Conium. 

Take of Extract of conium 5 grains. 

Carbonate of sodium 7-J- grains. 

Spirit of pimento 30 minims. 

Decoction of liquorice to 1 ounce. 

Mix. For a dose, three or four times daily. Guys Hospital. 

Take of Juice of conium , 30 minims. 

Extract of henbane ..... 3 grains. 

Mucilage s ••-.... - 2 drachms. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Royal Chest Hospital. 

Pills of Conium. 

Take of Extract of conium 4 grains. 

Powder of ipecacuanha 1 grain. 

Make 1 pill. Guy's Hospital. 

Take of Extract of conium 4 grains. 

Ipecacuanha f grain. 

Hydrochlorate of morphia -J grain. 

Make 1 pill. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Extract of conium 3 grains. 

Sulphate of zinc 2 grains. 

Make 1 pill. London Chest Hospital. 



COPAIBA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— COPAIBA— BALSAM OF CO- 

PAIVA. 

The oleoresin obtained from Copaifera officinalis, L., and other species 
of copaifera (Nat. ord., Leguminosce), large trees indigenous to the warmer 
regions of South America. 

Copaiba is a clear, transparent liquid of a yellowish color, a char- 
acteristic odor, and a disagreeable, nauseous taste. It is a stimulant 
whose effect is chiefly upon the mucous membranes, and particularly those 



COPAIBA BALSAM OF COPAIVA. 141 

of the genito-urinary organs. Used in diseases of the mucous membranes, 
as chronic bronchitis, gonorrhoea, gleet, vesical irritation, etc. 
Dose : 10 to ±0 minims or grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 
Oleum Copaibae (U. S., Br.) — Oil of Copaiba. 
The oil obtained from copaiba by distillation. 
Dose : 10 to 15 minims. 

Pilulae Copaibae (U. S., Fr.)— Pills of Copaibae. 

Take of Copaiba 2 ounces. 

Magnesia, recently prepared 60 grains. 

Mix, allow the mass to concrete, and divide into 200 pills. 
Dose : 2 to 6 pills. 

Electuary of Copaiba, Cubebs, and Catechu- (Fr.). 

Take of Copaiba 1 part. 

Cubeb 1 part. 

Catechu 1 part. 

Mix the copaiba and catechu, then add the cubebs. 
Dose : £ to 1 drachm. 

Mixtures of Copaiba. 

Take of Copaiba 1 ounce. 

Solution of potassa 2 drachms. 

Extract of liquorice \ ounce. 

Spirit of nitrous ether • 1 ounce. 

Syrup of gum arabic 6 ounces. 

Oil of wintergreen 16 drops. 

Mix the copaiba and solution of potassa, and the liquorice and spirit of 
nitrous ether separately, then unite, and add the other ingredients. 

Dose : \ ounce after meals. In gonorrhoea. Bumstead. 

Take of Oil of copaiba 1 drachm. 

Oil of cubebs 1 drachm. 

Alum. . . . 2 drachms. 

White sugar 4 drachms. 

Mucilage 3 drachms. 

Water 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm three times a day. In gonorrhoea. 

Bumstead. 

Take of Copaiba 10 drachms. 

Tincture of cantharides 2 drachms. 

Tincture of chloride of iron 2 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : \ to 1 drachm. In gonorrhoea. Bumstead. 



142 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Copaiba 15 minims. 

Mucilage 2 drachrns. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. St. Thomas's Hospital. 

Take of Copaiba 20 minims. 

Solution of potassa 20 minims. 

Tincture of opium 5 minims. 

Peppermint water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Great Northern Hospital. 

Take of Copaiba 20 minims. 

Mucilage 40 minims. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 10 minims. 

Acid infusion of roses to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. St. George's Hospital 

Take of Copaiba 25 parts. 

Syrup of tolu 25 parts. 

Syrup of gum arabic 25 parts. 

Cinnamon water 25 parts. 

Mix. Dose : 1 or 2 drachms three times a day, between meals. 

G. H. Fox. 



CUPRUM— COPPER. 

Metallic copper is not used medicinally. 



CUPRI SUBACETAS (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— SUBACETATE OF 
COPPER— VERDIGRIS. 

Prepared by exposing copper to the action of acetic vapors. It occurs 
in bluish green masses, of an acetic odor, and a disagreeable, coppery taste. 
In small doses, verdigris is astringent and tonic ; in overdoses a violent 
corrosive poison ; applied topically, it is a mild escharotic, and is occasion- 
ally used in venereal ulcers and warts. 

Dose : £ to £ grain. 

PREPARATION. 

Verdigris Plaster (Fr.). • 

Take of Subacetate of copper 1 part. 

Turpentine 1 part. 

Burgundy pitch 2 parts. 

Yellow wax 4 parts. 

Rub the copper and turpentine together, and add to the pitch and wax 
previously melted. 

Said to be a good application for corns and warts. 






SULPHATE OF COPPEK BLUE VITRIOL. 143 



CUPRI SULPHAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SULPHATE OF COP- 
PEE— BLUE VITRIOL. 

Obtained on a large scale from copper pyrites, and may be prepared 
by dissolving copper in hot sulphuric acid. It occurs in beautiful blue 
crystals, readily soluble in water, and having an acid, styptic taste. 

In small doses it is tonic and astringent ; in large doses, a prompt and 
efficient emetic. It is employed topically as an astringent and mild es- 
charotie. 

Dose : J to J grain, tonic ; 3 to 5 grains, emetic. 

CoLLYRUTM OF SULPHATE OF CoPPEB. 

Take of Sulphate of copper 2 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. Stimulant and astringent. Used in a number of the hos- 
pitals of this country and Europe. 

Injections of Sulphate of Copper. 

Take of Sulphate of copper 12 grains. 

Water . . 4 to 6 ounces. 

Dissolve. Used in gonorrhoea. Bumsiead. 

Take of Sulphate of copper 4 grains. 

Sulphate of morphia 8 grains. 

Solution of subacetate of lead 1 drachm. 

Rose water 4 ounces. 

Mix. Used in gonorrhoea after the acute stage. Bartholow. 

Mixtures of Sulphate of Copper. 

Take of Sulphate of copper \ grain. 

Sulphate of magnesium 1 ounce. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 1 drachm. 

Water 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : J ounce every four hours. In dysentery. Bartholow. 

Pells of Sulphate of Copper. 

Take of Sulphate of copper 1 grain. 

Sulphate of morphia 1 grain. 

Sulphate of quinia 24 grains. 

Mix, and make 24 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three times a day. In chronic diarrhoea and chronic dys- 
entery. Baiiholow. 



144 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Sulphate of copper I grain. 

Opium i grain. 

Extract of gentian 2 grains. 

Make 1 pill. Dose : 1 or 2 pills. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Sulphate of copper \ grain. 

Extract of opium \ grain. 

Make 1 pill. Royal Free Hospital. 



CUPKUM AMMOMATUM (U. S.)— AMMONIATED COPPER. 

Take of Sulphate of copper \ ounce. 

Carbonate of ammonium 360 grains. 

Rub together, wrap in bibulous paper, and dry with a gentle heat. 

This salt has a deep blue color, an ammoniacal odor, and is freely solu- 
ble in water. It has been used with asserted benefit in epilepsy, chorea, 
and other nervous diseases. 

Dose : \ to \ grain. 



CORIANDRtTM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CORIANDER. 

The fruit of Coriandrum sativum, L. {Nat. ord., Umbelliferce), an annual 
herb indigenous to the Mediterranean and Caucasian regions, but natu- 
ralized throughout Europe. 

Coriander is an aromatic stimulant and carminative. Used as an ad- 
junct to other medicines. 

Dose : 20 to 60 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Oil of Coeiandee (Br.). 
The oil obtained from coriander by distillation. 
Dose : 2 to 10 minims. Chiefly used for flavoring. 

Spieit of Coeiakdee (Fr.). 

Take of Coriander 1 part. 

Alcohol (80^) 8 parts. 

Macerate two days, and distil off the spirit. 



DOGWOOD CREASOTE. 145 



CORNUS FLORIDA (XL S.)— DOGWOOD. 

The bark of Cornus florida, L. (Nat. ord., Cornacece), the flowering dog- 
wood of North America. The bark of Cornus sericea, L., and Cornus cir- 
cinata, L'Her., though not officinal, possesses similar properties. 

Dogwood possesses bitter tonic properties similar to those of cinchona. 
It was formerly much used as an antiperiodic in intermittent fever, and 
often with success. It may be employed with benefit as a tonic in conva- 
lescence from acute diseases. 

Dose : £ to 1 drachm. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Decoetum Cornus Floridae (U. S.) — Decoction of Dogwood. 

Take of Dogwood 1 ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil the dogwood in 1 pint of water for fifteen minutes, strain, and add 
sufficient water through the strainer to make 1 pint. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Extractum Cornus Floridae Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Dog- 
wood. 

Take of Dogwood 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the 
dogwood with 5 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161. Finish the percolation with diluted alcohol, reserve 14 
ounces, and add 1 ounce of glycerin to the remainder before evaporation. 

Dose : -J to 1 drachm. 



CEEASOTUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CEEASOTE. 

Creasote is one of the products of the destructive distillation of wood. 
It is a colorless, oily, neutral liquid, of a strong, smoky odor, and a very 
caustic taste. Its medicinal effects and uses are similar to those of carbolic 
acid, which has superseded it to a very great extent. Often applied topical- 
ly for the relief of toothache, and occasionally administered internally in 
obstinate vomiting. 

Dose : 1 to 3 minims, largely diluted. 
10 



146 MEDICAL FOEMULAEY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua Creasoti (U. S., Ger.) — Creasote Water. 

Take of Creasote 1 drachm. 

Distilled water 1 pint. 

Mix, agitate till the creasote is dissolved, and filter. 
Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 

Inhalation of Creasote (Br.). 

Take of Creasote 12 minims. 

Boiling water 8 ounces. 

Mix, and inhale the vapor through a suitable apparatus. 

Creasote Mixture (Br.). 

Take of Creasote 16 minims. 

Glacial acetic acid , 16 minims. 

Spirit of juniper -| drachm. 

Syrup 1 ounce. 

Distilled water 15 ounces. 

Mix the creasote and acid, then add the water, and lastly the other in- 
gredients. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Ointment of Creasote (Br.). 

Take of Creasote 1 drachm. 

Simple ointment 1 ounce. 

Mix. 

Bath of Creasote. 

Take of Creasote J ounce. 

Glycerin 2 ounces. 

Water , 30 gallons. 

Mix. British Skin Hospital. 

MrxTURE of Creasote. 

• 

Take of Creasote 1 minim. 

Tincture of opium 2 minims. 

Spirit of chloroform 15 minims. 

Glycerin 1 drachm. 

Water to one ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Royal Chest Hospital. 

Pill of Creasote. 

Take of Creasote 1 minim. 

Compound asafetida pill 2 grains. 

Compound rhubarb pill 2 grains. 

Make 1 pill. St Bartholomew's Hospital. 



SAFFRON CUBEB. 147 



CBOCUS (U. S. et bL Ph.)— SAFFEOK 

The stigmas of Crocus sativus, L. (Nat. ord., Iridacece), a bulbous plaut 
indigenous to Greece and Asia Minor, but so long cultivated as to have be- 
come naturalized in many other countries. 

Saffron is stimulant and antispasmodic. Formerly very much used, it 
has latterly fallen into disrepute with physicians, though it is still largely 
employed as a popular remedy. Hot decoctions are often administered to 
hasten the eruption of exanthematous diseases, to allay the pains of dys- 
menorrhoea, and to favor the return of the menses in amenorrhoea. It is 
also used as a coloring agent in pharmacopoeial preparations. 

Dose : 10 to 20 grains. 



PREPARATION. 

Tincture of Saffron (Br., Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Saffron. 1 ounce. 

Proof spirit 20 ounces. 

Macerate, percolate, and add proof spirit to make 20 ounces. 
Dose : 1 to 3 drachms. Used chiefly for coloring. 



CUBEBA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CUBEB. 

The unripe fruit of Piper cubeba, L. (Cubeba officinalis, Miq. ; Nat. ord., 
Piperacece), a woody climber indigenous to Java, Borneo, and Sumatra. 

Cubebs resemble black pepper in general appearance, but are lighter col- 
ored. They have a strongly aromatic taste, with some bitterness and 
acridity. 

Cubebs have a stimulant action upon the mucous membranes, especially 
those of the genito-urinary system. They are largely used in the treatment 
of gonorrhoea, cystitis, and other genito-urinary diseases, and in chronic 
bronchitis, etc. 

Dose : 10 grains to 3 drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extr actum Cubebae Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Cubeb. 

Take of Cubeb 16 ounces. 

Stronger alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the cubeb with 5 ounces of the alcohol, and proceed according 
to the general formula, page 161. 
Dose ; \ to 1 drachm. 



148 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Oleoresina Cubebae (U. S.) — Oleoresin of Cubeb. 

Take of Cubeb 12 ounces. 

Ether sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 24 ounces ;' distil off most of the ether, 
and allow the remainder to evaporate spontaneously. 
Dose : 5 to 30 minims. 

a 

Oleum Cubebae (U. S., Br.)— Oil of Cubeb. 

The oil obtained from cubeb by distillation. 
Dose : 5 to 20 minims. 

Tinctura Cubebae (U. S., Br.)— Tincture of Cubeb. 

Take of Cubeb 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : J to 2 drachms. 

Troehisci Cubebae (U. S.)— Troches of Cubeb. 

Take of Oleoresin of cubeb -J ounce. 

Oil of sassafras 1 drachm. 

Liquorice 4 ounces. 

Gum arabic 2 ounces. 

Sugar 3 ounces. 

Syrup of tolu sufficient. 

Mix the powders, add the oleoresin and oil, then the syrup, and divide 
into 480 troches. 

Confection op Cubeb. 

Take of Cubeb 4 drachms. 

Copaiba 2 drachms. 

Treacle 2 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 2 drachms. St. Mary's Hospital. 

Pills of Cubeb and Copaiba. 

Take of Cubeb 2 ounces. 

Subnitrate of bismuth 2 ounces. 

Copaiba 2 ounces. 

Magnesia 1 drachm. 

Oil of peppermint 20 drops. 

Mix, and divide into pills of 5 grains each. Bumstead. 

Powder or Cubeb and Iron. 

Take of Cubeb 2 drachms. 

Carbonate of iron % drachm. 

Mix. To be taken three times a day, in gonorrhoea. Bumstead. 

See also Copaiba. 



LADIES' SLIPPER STAVESACRE. 149 



CTPREPEDIUM (U. S.)— CYPRIPEDIUM— LADIES' SLIP- 

PEE. 

The rhi^orue and rootlets of Cypripedium pubescens, AYilld., and of 
Cypripediuin parviflorum, Salisb. (Nat. ord., Orckidacece), herbaceous peren- 
nials indigenous to North America, growing in bogs and low woods. 

Cypripedium is a nervous stimulant, producing effects similar to those 
of valerian. 

Dose ; 15 to 30 grains. 



DELPHINIUM STAPIIISAGRIA (Fr.)— STAYESACRE. 

The seeds of Delphinium Staphisagria, L. (Nat. ord., Banunculacece), 
a biennial herb, native of the south of Europe and Asia Minor, but exten- 
sively naturalized in other countries. 

It owes its medicinal activity to an alkaloid termed delphinia, which 
may be obtained by exhausting an alcoholic extract with boiling water 
acidulated with sulphuric acid, and then precipitating the alkaloid with 
ammonia. 

The powdered seeds are sometimes used to destroy pediculi, while the 
tincture has been employed both externally and internally in rheumatism, 
neuralgia, and skin diseases. Delphinia is employed for the same pur- 
poses. 

Dose : of the powdered seeds, 1 to 3 grains ; of delphinia, iV ^° "S" 
grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Ointment of Delphinia. 

Take of Delphinia 30 grains. 

Olive oil 1 drachm. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

Rub the delphinia first with the oil, then add the lard. Boyle. 

Solution or Delphinia. 

Take of Delphinia 40 grains. 

Rectified spirit , 2 ounces. 

Dissolve. For external use. Boyle. 

Tincture of Stavesacre. 

Take of Stavesacre 1 part. 

Alcohol 5 parts. 

Macerate two weeks, and filter. 
Dose : 10 to 15 minims. 



150 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

DIGITALIS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— DIGITALIS— FOXGLOVE. 

The leaves of Digitalis purpurea, L. (Nat. ord., Scrophulariacece), a per- 
ennial herb indigenous to Europe, but cultivated in this country, mainly 
for ornamental purposes. For medicinal use the leaves should be collected 
from plants growing without cultivation. 

Digitalis, in large doses, is a cardiac poison. In doses which fall just 
short of fatal effect, it causes faintness, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea, to- 
gether with irregularity of the heart's action, and a notable fall of bodily 
temperature. In smaller doses it reduces the frequency of the heart's pulsa- 
tions, while it adds to their force. It also has a powerful diuretic action. 

Digitalis is administered in certain cases of organic disease of the heart, 
especially where there are feebleness and irregularity of its action, with or 
without dropsical effusion. It is also used in dropsy dependent upon renal 
congestion, in certain hemorrhages, in delirium tremens, and sometimes in 
acute inflammatory diseases. 

The effects of digitalis depend upon a principle termed digitalin. As at 
present obtained, this is a somewhat unreliable preparation. 

Dose : Of the powdered leaves, £ to 3 grains. 

Extr actum Digitalis (U. S., Fr., Ger.) — Extract of Digitalis. 

Take of Digitalis, recently dried 12 ounces. 

Alcohol 1 pint. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the digitalis with the alcohol, then percolate with diluted alcohol 
until 1 pint is obtained. Allow this to evaporate spontaneously to 3 ounces. 
Continue the percolation until 2 pints more are obtained, or the digitalis is 
exhausted. Evaporate this, at or below 160°, to a syrupy consistence, mix 
with the 3 ounces first obtained, and evaporate, at or below 120°, to the 
proper consistence. 

Dose : J to \ grain. 

The French Codex prepares an alcoholic and an aqueous extract from 
the dried leaves ; the German Pharmacopoeia, an alcoholic extract from the 
fresh leaves. 

Extraetum Digitalis Fluidum (U. S.)— Fluid Extract of Digitalis. 

Take of Digitalis 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 12 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 1 of water, moisten the 
digitalis with \ pint of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161. Finish the percolation with diluted alcohol, reserve 14 
ounces, and add 1 ounce of glycerin to the remainder, before evaporation. 
Dose : 1 to 3 minims. 



DIGITALIS. 151 



Infusum Digitalis (U. S., Br.) — Infusion of Digitalis. 

Take of Digitalis, recently dried 60 grains. 

i Tincture of cinnamon 1 ounce. 
Boiling water £ pint. 
Macerate the digitalis in the water for two hours, in a covered vessel, 
strain, and add the tincture of cinnamon. 
Dose : 1 to 1 drachms. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs : digitalis, 30 grains ; boiling dis- 
tilled water, 10 ounces. 

Tinetura Digitalis (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Tincture of Digitalis. 

Take of Digitalis, recently dried 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 

Dose : 10 to 20 minims. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs the proportion of 2£ to 20 ; the 
French Codex, 1 to 4 ; while the German Pharmacopoeia employs fresh 
leaves and tops, 5 parts ; alcohol, 6 parts. The French Codex also prepares 
a tincture similar to the German, from the fresh plant. 

Mixtures of Digitalis. 

Take of Infusion of digitalis 2 ounces. 

Tincture of rhatany 1 ounce. 

Fluid extract of ergot 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : £ ounce as required. In hemorrhages. Bartholoiv. 

Take of Tincture of digitalis 16 drops. 

Chloride of ammonium 16 grains. 

Syrup of tolu 1 ounce. 

"Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every two hours, for a child of one year. In 
bronchitis. J. Lewis Smith. 



Take of Infusion of digitalis 8 ounces. 

Bromide of potassium 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : J ounce morning and night, and after a week, at night 
only. In the spermatorrhoea of plethora. Bartholow. 

Take of Tincture of digitalis 10 minims. 

Spirit of nitrous ether 30 minims. 

Bitartrate of potassium 40 grains. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Fever Hospital. 



152 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Tincture of digitalis 5 minims. 

Vinegar of squill 20 minims. 

Acetate of potassium 20 grains. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One close. British Skin Hospital. 

Take of Tincture of digitalis 15 minims. 

Diluted jmosphoric acid 15 minims. 

Sulphate of quinia 5 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Antipyretic. FothergilL 

Take of Tincture of digitalis 10 minims. 

Spirit of nitrous ether J drachm. 

Infusion of buchu I ounce. 

Mix. Take three times a day, in cardiac debility with scanty urine. 

FothergilL 

Pills of Digitalis. 

Take of Digitalis •§- grain. 

Sulphate of iron \ grain. 

Capsicum \ grain 

Compound rhubarb pill \\ grain. 

Make 1 pill. Samaritan Hospital. 

Take of Digitalis -§- grain. 

Squill 1 grain 

Blue pill 1 grain. 

Liquorice 1 grain. 

Treacle to 5 grains. 

Make 1 pill. Middlesex Hospital. 



DIGITALIJSTUM (U. S. } Br., Fr.)— DIGITALLY 

A concentrated tincture of digitalis is mixed with acetic acid and 
animal charcoal, filtered, nearly neutralized with ammonia, and precipi- 
tated with a solution of tannin. The precipitate is mixed with oxide of 
lead, dried, mixed with animal charcoal, digested with alcohol, filtered, and 
evaporated to dryness. Lastly, the powdered product is washed with ether 
to remove impurities. 

Digitalin is a white, or yellowish-white powder, without odor, and 
haying a very bitter taste. 

Dose : ^ to fa grain. 



BITTERSWEET ELATERIUM. 153 



DULCAMAEA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— BITTERSWEET. 

The young branches of Solarium dulcamara, L. (Nat. ord., Solanacece), 
a plant with a perennial root, and an herbaceous, climbing stem, indige- 
nous to Europe, but naturalized and very common in this countiy. 

Bittersweet is narcotic, diuretic, diaphoretic, and alterative. Used in 
chronic skin diseases, chronic rheumatism, bronchitis, etc. 

Dose : 30 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Decoctum Dulcamaras (U. S.) — Decoction of Bittersweet. 

Take of Bittersweet 1 ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil in 1 pint of water for fifteen minutes, strain, and add sufficient 
water through the strainer to make 1 pint. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 
Similar to the Infusion of Bittersweet, Br. 

Extraetum Dulcamaras (IT. S., Fr., Ger.) — Extract of Bittersweet. 

Take of Bittersweet 12 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Exhaust the bittersweet by percolation, distil off the alcohol, strain, 
and evaporate to a proper consistence. 
Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 

Extraetum Dulcamaras Fluidum (U. S.)— Fluid Extract of Bitter- 
sweet. 

Take of Bittersweet 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water, each sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the 
bittersweet with 6 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the 
general formula, page 161. Finish the percolation with diluted alcohol, 
and add 1 ounce of glycerin to the remainder, before evaporation. 

Dose : 30 to 60 minims. 



ELATERIUM (U. S., Br.)— ELATERIUM. 

A peculiar, pulverulent substance deposited by the juice of Ecballium 
Elaterium, Richard (Nat. ord., Cucurbitacece), a prostrate annual plant, in- 
digenous to the south of Europe, growing in waste places, but cultivated 
in Germany, France, and England. 



154 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

The juice is expressed from the nearly ripe fruit, set aside to deposit, 
and the deposit subsequently dried on linen filters. 

Elaterium occurs in thin, friable flakes, of a pale greenish color, and an 
acrid, bitterish taste. It is a very active hydragogue cathartic, and is much 
used in dropsy, especially when dependent upon renal disease. 

Its active principle, elaterin, is much more reliable than the crude drug, 
and is generally preferred. 

Dose : j\ to £ grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Compound Powder of Elaterium (Br.). 

Take of Elaterium 10 grains. 

Sugar of milk 90 grains. 

Hub to a fine powder. 
Dose : ^ to 5 grains. 

Pells of Elaterium. 

Take of Elaterium T V grain. 

Extract of henbane 4 grains. 

Make 1 pill. St. Mary's Hospital. 

Take of Elaterium £ grain. 

Extract of belladonna J grain. 

Capsicum 1 grain. 

Extract of jalap 3£ grains. 

Make 1 pill. Charing Cross Hospital. 



ELATEKINUM— ELATEKIK 

The best method of obtaining it is to exhaust elaterium with chloro- 
form, then add ether, which will cause the elaterin to deposit as a white, 
crystalline powder. Fluckiger and Hanbury. 

Dose : ^ to ^ grain. 



Solution of Elatertn. 

Take of Elaterin 1 grain. 

Nitric acid 4 drops. 

Alcohol 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 30 to 40 minims. U. S. Dispensatory. 



SIMPLE ELIXIR ELEMI. 155 



ELIXIR SIMPLEX— SIMPLE ELIXIR. 

Take of Oil of orange 5 parts. 

Oil of Ceylon cinnamon 2 parts. 

Sugar in coarse powder 1,000 parts. 

Precipitated phosphate of calcium 30 parts. 

Alcohol (stronger ale. ) sufficient. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the oils in sufficient alcohol to make the solution weigh 300 
parts. Dissolve the sugar in 1,700 parts of distilled water by agitation, 
without heat. Add the latter solution gradually, and in small portions at 
a time, to the alcoholic solution of the oils, constantly stirring, until a per- 
manent milkiness makes its appearance. Then reverse the proceeding, by 
gradually pouring the milky mixture into the remainder of the syrup, 
under constant stirring. Pub the precipitated phosphate of calcium with 
a small quantity of the syrup to a smooth, thin paste, mix this thoroughly 
with the rest of the syrup, and filter through a well-wetted white filter. 
Return the first portions, until the filtrate runs off clear. "When all the 
liquid has passed, wash the filter with a mixture of alcohol, 1 part, and dis- 
tilled water, G parts, until the whole product weighs 3,000 parts. 

Charles Rice, Report of Am. Ph. As&'n. 



This elixir furnishes an admirable vehicle for the administration of 
many remedies. If physicians would employ such a vehicle, adding to it 
extemporaneously such remedies as are desired, instead of prescribing the 
compound elixirs so much in vogue, they would often save themselves much 
disappointment. 



ELEMI (Br., Ger., Fr.)— ELEMI. 

A concrete, resinous exudation, the botanical source of which is unde- 
termined, but is probably Canarium commune, L. {Nat. ord., Amyridacece) , 
chiefly imported from Manilla. 

It occurs as a soft, unctuous, adhesive mass, becoming harder and more 
resinous by age, of a yellowish- white color, and a fragrant, fennel-like odor. 
Little used in this country, but extensively employed in Europe. Its prop- 
erties are of a terebinthinate character. 

PREPARATION. 

Ointment of Elemi (Br., Ger.). 

Take of Elemi J ounce. 

Simple ointment 1 ounce. 

Melt, strain, and stir until cool. 



156 MEDICAL FOKMULARY. 



EMETIA— EMETINE. 



An alkaloid occurring in ipecacuanha. It may be obtained by drying 
the powdered bark of the root with a little milk of lime, and exhausting 
the mixture with boiling chloroform, petroleum -benzin, or ether. It is a 
white powder, turning brown on exposure to light. 

Muckiger and Hanbury. 

Dose : J to % grain, emetic ; ^ to ^V gr am > diaphoretic and expecto 
rant. 



EKGOTA (U. S. et al. Ph.)-ERGOT, 

The compact mycelium or spawn of Claviceps purpurea, Tulasne (Nat. 
ord., Fungi), a fungus developed in the heads of numerous plants of the 
order Graminese. For medicinal use it is obtained almost exclusively 
from rye, Secale cornutum, L. It has a peculiar, nauseous odor, and a 
bitterish, acrid taste. 

Ergot of rye acts specifically upon the uterus, both in the impregnated 
and unimpregnated state. It is used to increase the uterine contractions in 
childbirth, when these are too feeble to expel the foetus, provided there be 
no mechanical obstacle, and, after delivery, to restrain or prevent hemor- 
rhage ; also in monorrhagia, metrorrhagia, and other uterine affections. 
It is also used in other hemorrhages, as in those from the nose, lungs, 
stomach, intestines, bladder, etc. 

Dose : 20 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATION. 
Extraetum Ergotae Fluidum (U. S., Br.)— Fluid Extract of Ergot. 

Take of Ergot 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 



Acetic acid 4- 



ounce. 



Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the 
ergot with 4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161. Finish the percolation with diluted alcohol, reserve 
14 ounces, and add the acid and 1 ounce of glycerin to the remainder, be- 
fore evaporation. 

Dose : 20 to 60 minims. 

This is the best preparation of ergot for general use. 

The British preparation is termed Liquid Extract of Ergot ; it contains 
neither acid nor glycerin. 



ERGOT. 157 

Vinum Ergotae (U. S.)— Wine of Ergot, 

Take of Fluid extract of ergot 4 ounces. 

Sherry wine 28 ounces. 

Mix, and niter. 

Dose : 1 to 3 drachms. 

This preparation has no advantage over extemporaneous mixtures of 
wine and fluid extract of ergot. When the stomach is irritable, the admin- 
istration of wine or other stimulant with ergot is often useful. 

Extract of Ergot (Ger.) — Ergotin. 

Take of Ergot 1 part. 

Diluted- alcohol 1 part. 

Distilled water 4 parts. 

Macerate the ergot for six hours in 2 parts of the water, strain, and ex- 
press : repeat the operation with the remainder of the water, mix the 
liquids, evaporate to the consistence of thin syrup, and add the alcohol. 
After twenty-four hours, filter, and evaporate to a thick extract. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 

Infusion of Ergot (Br.). 

Take of Ergot \ ounce. 

Boning distilled water 10 ounces. 

Infuse in a covered vessel, for half an hour, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Ttncture of Ergot (Br.). 

Take of Ergot 5 ounces. 

Proof spirit 20 ounces. 

Macerate the ergot in 15 ounces of the spirit, for forty-eight hours, 
then percolate with the remainder of the spirit, express, and add enough 
more to make 20 ounces. 

Dose : 10 minims to 1 drachm. 

Hypodermic Injection of Ergotin. 

Take of Ergotin 30 grains. 

Water 13 drachms. 

Glycerin 13 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. National Dispensatory. 

Mixtures of Ergot. 

Take of Fluid extract of ergot 20 minims. 

Carbonate of ammonium 4 grains. 

Spirit of chloroform 15 minims. 

Camphor water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. University College Hospital. 



158 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Fluid extract of ergot 20 minims. 

Aromatic sulphuric acid 10 minims. 

Cinnamon water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Samaritan Hospital. 

Take of Fluid extract of ergot 15 minims. 

Sulphate of magnesium 1 drachm. 

Gallic acid 10 grains. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 5 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Royal Chest Hospital. 

Take of Fluid extract of ergot 15 minims. 

Tincture of perchloride of iron 15 minims. 

Spirit of chloroform 15 minims. 

Infusion of quassia 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. St. Mary's Hospital. 

Take of Fluid extract of ergot % ounce. 

Tincture of chloride of iron 2 drachms. 

Tincture of nux vomica 2 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 30 minims three times daily. 

In subinvolution of the uterus, metrorrhagia, etc. 

Take of Fluid extract of ergot 3J ounces. 

Tincture of digitalis ^ ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm three times a day. In dilatation of the heart 
without valvular lesions. Bartholow. 

Pills of Ekgot. 

Take of Extract of ergot 1 grain. 

Tannic acid 2 grains. 

Extract of opium J grain. 

Make 1 pill. London Chest Hospital. 

SUPPOSITOETES OF EeGOT. 

Take of Aqueous extract of ergot (Squibb's) 40 grains. 

Oil of theobroma 50 grains. 

Mix and divide into 12 rectal suppositories. 

One morning and evening, for two days before menstruation comes on, 
then 1 three times a day, until metrorrhagia ceases. 

In metrorrhagia at the climacteric, when not the result of organic dis- 
ease requiring surgical measures, though I have found this treatment suc- 
cessful in metrorrhagia due to submucous fibroids. 



&V- 



FLEABANE COCA. 151) 



The patient should keep the recumbent posture during the first two or 
three days of the now, after which it is generally unnecessary, except the 
hour after each suppository is used. Fordyce Barker. 

See also Mixtures of Bromide of Potassium. 



ERIGEROX (U. S.)— FLEABANE. 

The leaves and tops of Erigeron Canadense, L., Canada fleabane, and 
of E. Philadelphicum, L., Philadelphia fleabane (Nat. ord., Compositee), both 
indigenous herbs,, and found everywhere as common weeds. 

Erigeron acts as a diuretic, and is used in dropsy, and genito-urinary 
diseases. 

Dose : 4- to 1 drachra. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum Erigerontis Canadensis Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract 

of Canada Erigeron. 

Take of Canada erigeron 16 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the erigeron with ^ pint of alcohol, and proceed according to 
the general formula, page 161. 
Dose : \ to 1 drachm. 

Oleum Erigerontis Canadensis (U. S.) — Oil of Canada Erigeron. 
The oil obtained from Canada erigeron by distillation. 
Dose : 5 to 10 minims. 



ERYTHROXYLON— COCA. 

The leaves of Erythroxylon coca, Lam. (Nat. ord., Frythroxylacece), a 
shrub indigenous to the mountains of Peru and Bolivia. The leaves are 
chewed by the natives, apparently for the same reasons that other nations 
use tobacco. It is said to satisfy hunger, strengthen the weak, and to 
solace men under misfortune. Those who use it are said to undergo 
fatigue and privation with it alone, better than others without it, but abun- 
dantly supplied with food. Many of the statements concerning its virtues 
lack confirmation, and its true place in the materia medica is not at present 
decided. 

Dose : \ to 2 drachms. 



160 MEDICAL FORMULAEY. 



PREPARATION. 



Tincture of Coca. 

Take of Coca 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 5 parts. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. J. P. Remington, Report Am. Ph. Assn. 



EUCALYPTUS— BLUE GUM TEEE. 

The leaves of Eucalyptus globulus, Labill. {Nat. ord., Myrtacece), a tree 
indigenous to Tasmania and Victoria, and recently introduced into Europe, 
and also into California and the Southern States. 

Eucalyptus leaves, and the oil obtained from them, have been used 
with asserted benefit in intermittent fevers, but their antiperiodic powers 
are doubted by many. The drug seems to possess tonic and stimulant 
properties which may ultimately give it an established position, but at 
present little is positively known of it. 

Dose : 15 to 60 grains. 

Oil or Eucalyptus. 
The oil obtained from eucalyptus by distillation. 
Dose : 10 to 20 minims. 

Tincture or Eucalyptus. 

Take of Eucalyptus 1 part. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 5 parts. 

Dose : 1 to 3 drachms. J. P. Remington, Report Am. Ph. Ass'n. 



EUONYMUS (U. S.)— WAHOO. 

The bark of Euonymus atropurpureus, Jacq. (Nat. ord., Sapindacece), a 
shrub indigenous to North America, Wahoo, in moderate doses, is a mild 
cathartic, somewhat resembling rhubarb in its action, and may be usefully 
employed in habitual constipation. In large doses it may act as a hydragogue.. 
and also stimulate the kidneys to increased activity. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Infusion of Euonymus. 

Take of Euonymus 1 ounce. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Infuse for half an hour, and strain. 
Dose : 2 to 4 ounces. 



BONESET FLUID EXTRACTS. 161 

Tincture of Euonymus. 

Take of Euonyinus 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol 2 parts. 

Macerate two weeks, and filter. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



EUPATORIUM (U. S.)— THOROUGHWORT— BONESET. 

The leaves and flowering tops of Eupatorium perfoliatuin, L. (Nat. ord. f 
Composite), an herbaceous perennial indigenous to North America, grow- 
ing in damp and swampy places. 

Boneset has a strongly bitter taste, and possesses diaphoretic, expectorant, 
and tonic properties. As a diaphoretic it is used in acute bronchial affec- 
tions, rheumatism, intermittent and remittent fevers, etc., the warm in- 
fusion being taken freely. Yery large doses of the warm infusion act as 
an emetic. The infusion taken quite cold is used as a tonic. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Infusum Eupatorii (U. S.) — Infusion of Thoroughwort. 

Take of Thoroughwort 1 ounce. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Macerate two hours, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Tincture of Thoroughwort. 

Take of Fresh thoroughwort 1 part. 

Alcohol 2 parts. 

Macerate two weeks, and filter. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



EXTRACTA FLITIDA (U. S.)— FLUID EXTRACTS. 

Unless otherwise directed, the fluid extracts should be prepared ac- 
cording to the following process : 16 ounces of the powdered drug are 
moistened with a specified quantity of the menstruum, and packed in a per- 
colator. The surface of the powder is then covered with a disk of paper, 
and the remaining portion of 16 ounces of menstruum is poured upon it. 
"When the liquid begins to drop from the percolator, the lower orifice is 
closed with a cork, the upper one covered closely, and it is set aside in a 
moderately warm place for four days. 
11 



162 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

The cork is then removed, more menstruum is gradually poured on, and 
the percolation continued until 24 ounces are obtained. Of these the first 
14 ounces are reserved, and the remainder, having been carefully evapo- 
rated to 2 ounces, is mixed with the reserved portion, and filtered if 
necessary. 



FEL BOVINUH (Br., Fr., Ger.)— OX BILE. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Purified Ox Bile (Br., Ger.). 

Take of Ox bile 1 pint. 

Rectified spirit 2 pints. 

Mix by agitation in a bottle, set aside for twelve hours, decant the clear 
liquid, and evaporate it on a water-bath to a suitable consistence for making 
pills. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 

Used in dyspepsia with deficiency of biliary secretion, in habitual con- 
stipation, and in solution, per enema, to soften hardened fasces. 

Pills of Ox Bile and Aloes. 

Take of Purified ox bile 20 grains. 

Extract of aloes 30 grains. 

Resin of podophyllum 2J grains. 

Mix, and divide into 10 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill at night in chronic constipation; 1 pill night and morning 
in acute constipation. Hospital Formulary. 



FERRUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— IRON. 

In medicine, as in the arts, iron is the most useful of metals. 

Being a normal constituent of the blood, it may be considered a food as 
well as an important curative agent. That it is more than a food is evinced 
by the fact that, in many instances, it is requisite to administer it in quanti- 
ties many times in excess of any theoretical estimate of the needs of the 
system, in order to obtain its important curative effects. In fact, the thera- 
peutics of iron, based upon the theory of simply supplying the system with 
the quantity of the drug which can be assimilated, are delusive, as clinical 
experience has frequently demonstrated. 

Iron acts as a tonic, not only by increasing the relative proportion of 
red globules of the blood when these are deficient, but also, probably, by a 
direct stimulant action upon the mucous membranes with which it is 
brought in contact, whereby digestion and assimilation are improved. 



REDUCED IRON. 163 

Most of the preparations of iron are powerfully astringent, as well as 
tonic, and often this fact should be considered in choosing which one to 
use in a given case. 

The organic salts of iron are less astringent than the inorganic, and of 
the latter, the proto-salts less than the per-salts. Several of the astringent 
preparations, as the acetate, sulphate, perchloride, and pernitrate, are used 
to cheek hemorrhages from the lungs, stomach, and bowels ; and some of 
them, especially the perchloride and subsulphate, are used as topical astrin- 
gents and styptics. 

Though the restorative effects of iron are most marked in anaemia, it is 
used with no less benefit in many other conditions of depression. It is 
very generally used m convalescence from acute diseases, during the course 
of wasting diseases, as phthisis, scrofula, necrosis of the bones, etc.; and in 
diphtheria, erysipelas, neuralgia, chorea, and in many other diseases in 
which, though its action may not be understood, its effects are none the 
less satisfactory. 



FERRQM REDACTUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— REDUCED IRON. 

Take of Subcarbonate of iron 30 ounces. 

Wash and dry it thoroughly, and enclose it in an iron reduction tube, 
placed in a charcoal furnace. Connect the tube with a hydrogen generator 
so arranged as to pass a stream of dry hydrogen through it. Then heat 
the tube to dull redness, and maintain the temperature until the subcar- 
bonate is reduced. 

The process will require from five to eight hours. 

It is a tasteless powder, of an iron-gray color, and without metallic lus- 
tre. It is a favorite preparation of iron with many physicians, especially in 
cases of anaemia where other chalybeates disagree. 

Dose : 3 to 6 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Lozenges of Reduced Ikon (Br.). 

Take of Reduced iron 720 grains. 

Refined sugar 25 ounces. 

Gum arabic 1 ounce. 

Mucilage of gum arabic 2 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Mix the powders, add the mucilage and sufficient water to form a mass, 
and divide into 720 lozenges. Dry in a hot air-chamber. 
Dose : 1 to 6 lozenges. 



164 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Pill of Eeduced Ikon. 
Take of Eeduced iron 3 grains. 

Balsam of Pern ^ minim. 

Starch sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 

Take of Eeduced iron 20 grains. 

Sulphate of quinia 20 grams. 

Digitalis 20 grains. 

Squill 10 grains. 

Mix and divide into 20 pills. 

Dose : a pill three or four times a day. In mitral regurgitation. 

Bartholow. 



FEEKI ACETAS— ACETATE OF IROK". 

PREPARATIONS. 

Solution or Acetate of Ikon (Ger.). 

Take of Solution of persulphate of iron 10 parts. 

Water of ammonia 8 parts. 

Diluted acetic acid 6 parts. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dilute the iron solution with 30 parts of distilled water, and add the 
water of ammonia, previously diluted with 160 parts of distilled water. 
Wash the precipitate with distilled water, express until the weight shall 
amount to 5 parts, and dissolve this in the acetic acid. After several days, 
filter, and add sufficient distilled water to make the whole weigh 10 parts. 

Dose : 15 to 30 minims. 

Tincture of Acetate of Iron (Br.). 

Take of Solution of persulphate of iron 2^- ounces. 

Acetate of potassium 2 ounces. 

Eectified spirit sufficient. 

Dissolve the acetate in 10 ounces, and add the solution of persulphate 
to 8 ounces of the spirit, mix the solutions, filter, and add sufficient spirit 
through the filter to make 20 ounces. 

Dose : 5 to 30 minims. 

Ethereal Tincture of Acetate of Iron (Ger.). 

Take of Solution of acetate of iron 9 parts. 

Alcohol 2 parts. 

Acetic ether 1 part. 

Mix. 

Dose : 20 to 30 minims. 



AKSENIATE OF IKON CARBONATE OF IRON. 165 



FEREI ARSENIAS (Br.)— ARSENIATE OF IRON. 

Take of Sulphate of iron 9 ounces. 

Arseniate of sodium, dried at 300° 4 ounces. 

Acetate of sodium 3 ounces. 

Boiling distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the arseniate and acetate of sodium in 2 pints, and the sulphate 
of iron in 3 pints of the water, mix the solutions, collect and thoroughly 
wash the precipitate ; express strongly, and dry in a warm air-chamber, 
at or below 100°. 

It is a tasteless; amorphous powder, of a green color, and insoluble in 
water. It combines, to some extent, the tonic properties of both iron and 
arsenic. 

Dose : ^ to 4- grain. 

Pills of Akseniate of Iron. 

Take of Arseniate of iron -^g- grain. 

Extract of gentian sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. Brampton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Arseniate of iron 2 grains. 

Extract of cinchona 12 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 12 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three times a day after meals. In chlorosis. Bartholow. 



FERRI CARBONAS SACCHARATA (Br., Ger.)— SACCI1A- 
RATED CARBONATE OF IRON. 

Take of Sulphate of iron 2 ounces. 

Carbonate of ammonium 1^ ounce. 

Boiling distilled water 2 gallons. 

Refined sugar 1 ounce. 

Dissolve the sulphate and the carbonate, each in h gallon of water, mix 
the solutions, and set aside for twenty-four hours. Then decant, wash the 
precipitate with the remainder of the water, express, and rub it with the 
sugar. Finally, dry at a temperature not exceeding 212°. 

It is in small, coherent lumps, of a gray color, with a sweet, very feeble 
chalybeate taste. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 



166 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Pilula Ferri Carbonatis (U. S. et al. Pli.)— Pill of Carbonate of Iron. 

Take of Sulphate of iron . . 8 ounces. 

Carbonate of sodium 9 ounces. 

Clarified honey, by weight 3 ounces. 

Sugar 2 ounces. 

Boiling water 2 pints. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Dissolve the salts separately, each in 1 pint of water, and having added 
2 ounces of syrup to the iron solution, filter both solutions. Mix the solu- 
tions, when cold, in a bottle just large enough to hold them, and set aside 
to settle. Then decant, wash the precipitate with a mixture of water and 
syrup, in the proportion of 1 pint to 1 ounce, drain, and express. Lastly, 
mix the precipitate immediately with the clarified honey and sugar, and 
evaporate on a water-bath until it weighs 8 ounces. 

Dose : 2 to 10 grains. 

The French and German preparations are made in a similar manner, 
while the British Pharmacopoeia directs: saccharated carbonate of iron, 1 
ounce ; confection of roses, \ ounce. 

Under the name of Vallet's Mass, this has attained a well-merited popu- 
larity. 

Mistura Ferri Composita (U. S., Br.) — Compound Mixture of Iron. 

Take of Myrrh 60 grains. 

Sugar 60 grains. 

Carbonate of potassium 25 grains. 

Sulphate of iron 20 grains. 

Spirit of lavender -J- ounce. 

Bose water 74- ounces. 

Bub the myrrh, sugar, and carbonate with the rose water, then with the 
spirit of lavender, and lastly, with the sulphate of iron. Keep in a well- 
stopped bottle. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

This valuable preparation, known as Griffith's Mixture, is highly es- 
teemed as a restorative in anaemia and chlorosis. 

The British preparation is very similar. 

Pills of Carbonate of Iron, Arsenic, and Quinia. 

Take of Pill of carbonate of iron . 60 grains. 

Arsenious acid 1 grain. 

Sulphate of quinia 20 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 40 pills. 

Dose : 2 pills three times a day. In the ansemia of chronic malarial 
poisoning. Bartholov:. 



SUBCAKBONATE OF IKON CHLORIDE OF IKON*. 167 



FEKEI SUBCARBOXAS (U. S., Fr.)— SUBCARBONATE OF 

IRON. 

Take of Sulphate of iron , . . 8 ounces. 

Carbonate of sodium 9 ounces. 

Water 8 pints. 

Dissolve the salts separately, each in 4 pints of water, mix the solutions, 
and, after the precipitate has subsided, decant, wash it well with water, 
and dry it on bibulous paper. 

It is a reddish-brown, odorless, tasteless, and insoluble powder. For- 
merly much used in anaemia, neuralgia, etc., but has been superseded by 
more eligible preparations. Mixed with water, it may be used as a substi- 
tute for the hydrated oxide in arsenical poisoning, when the latter is not at 
hand. 



Dose : 5 to 30 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 



Trochisci Ferri Subcarbonatis (U. S.) — Troches of Subcarbonate of 

Iron. 

Take of Subcarbonate of iron 5 ounces. 

Vanilla 30 grains. 

Sugar 15 ounces. 

Mucilage of tragacanth sufficient. 

Rub the vanilla first with a part of the sugar, then with the iron and 
the remainder, until thoroughly mixed, then with the mucilage form a mass, 
to be divided into 480 troches. 
Dose : 1 to 6 troches. 

Emplastrum Ferri (TJ. S., Br.) — Iron Plaster. 

- Take of Subcarbonate of iron 3 ounces. 

Lead plaster 24 ounces. 

Burgundy pitch 6 ounces. 

To the pitch and plaster, previously melted together, add the subcar- 
bonate, and stir until cold. 

The British preparation is made with hydrated oxide, instead of subcar- 
bonate of iron. 



# 



FEKEI CHLOEIDUM (U. S., Ger.)— CHLORIDE OF IRON. 

Take of Iron, in the form of wire 2 ounces. 

Hydrochloric acid (by weight) 12 ounces. 

Nitric acid (by weight) 1 ounce or sufficient. 

Add the iron to 8 ounces of the hydrochloric acid in a flask, and 
heat gently until the acid is saturated. Filter, add the remainder of the 



168 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

hydrochloric acid, heat nearly to the boiling-point, and add the nitric acid 
in successive portions until red fumes are no longer evolved, and a drop 
of the liquid ceases to yield a blue precipitate with ferridcyanide of potas- 
sium. Then evaporate on a sand-bath until reduced to 8 ounces and 360 
grains, and set aside, covered with glass, until it solidifies. Lastly, break 
in pieces, and preserve in a well-stopped bottle. 

It is in orange-yellow, crystalline pieces, very deliquescent, and soluble 
in water, alcohol, and ether. 

Chloride of iron is used topically as a styptic, and, properly diluted, as 
an astringent. It is seldom employed internally. 

Dose : 1 to 5 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Liquor Ferri Chloridi (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Solution of Chloride of Iron. 

Take of Iron in the form of wire 3 ounces. 

Hydrochloric acid (by weight) 17^- ounces. 

Nitric acid sufficient. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Proceed as in the preceding preparation, except that the iron is to be 
dissolved in 11 ounces of hydrochloric acid, and at the end of the process, 
instead of evaporating, the solution is to be diluted with sufficient distilled 
water to make 1 pint. 

It is a reddish-brown liquid, of an acid and strongly styptic taste. Its 
chief use is in the preparation of tincture of chloride of iron, for which it is 
occasionally substituted. It is also employed topically as an astringent 
and styptic. 

Dose : 2 to 10 minims. 

The British Solution of Perchloride of Iron has the strength of its tinc- 
ture, while its Strong Solution of Perchloride of Iron is similar to the above. 

Tinetura Ferri Chloride (U. S., Br.)— Tincture of Chloride of Iron. 

Take of Solution of chloride of iron ^ pint. 

Alcohol 1^ pint. 

Mix, and preserve in a well-stopped bottle. 

Dose : 10 to 30 minims. % 

British Pharmacopoeia directs : strong solution of perchloride of iron, 
5 ounces ; rectified spirit, 15 ounces. 

Tincture of chloride of iron is universally conceded to be one of the 
best preparations of iron for general use. In nearly all conditions of de- 
bility, however induced, its administration is beneficial ; and in many cases 
of grave disease, as diphtheria, erysipelas, and septicaemia, it is absolutely 
indispensable. 



CHLORIDE OF IKO^. 169 

Ethereal Tincture of Sesquichlokede of Iron (Ger.). 

Take of Solution of sesquickloride of iron 1 part. 

Spirit of ether 14 parts. 

Mix, and expose to the sunlight until the brown-3 T ellow color has dis- 
appeared, then set in a shady place until it has assumed a yellowish or 
brownish-yellow color. Used like the preceding. 

Syrup of Chloride of Iron (Fr.). 

Take of Solution of chloride of iron 15 parts. 

Syrup 985 parts. 

Mix. It is a changeable preparation, and should not be prepared except 
at the time of dispensing. 

Mtxtures of Tincture of Iron and Chlorate of Potassium. 

Take of Tincture of chloride of iron 2 drachms. 

Chlorate of potassium 2 drachms. 

Syrup 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm hourly. In diphtheria. J. Lewis Smith. 

Mixtures of this character are in general use in the treatment of diph- 
theria. 

Take of Tincture of chloride of iron J ounce. 

Chlorate of potassium lj drachm. 

Glycerin 2 ounces. 

Water 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every three hours. In aphthous stomatitis, as- 
suming an ulcerative form. "Will cure the most obstinate cases in from five 
to seven days. V. P. Gibney. 

Take of Tincture of chloride of iron 15 minims. 

Chloric ether 5 minims. 

Chlorate of potassium 5 grains. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Tincture of chloride of iron 3 to 4 drachms. 

Chlorate of potassium 1 to 1£ drachm. 

Solution of acetate of ammonium 1-J- to 2 ounces. 

Water to 8 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : J ounce every hour. In diphtheria. T. M. Lownds. 

MrxTURE of Tincture of Iron and Clnchonia. 

Take of Tincture of chloride of iron 2 drachms. 

Sulphate of cinchonia 1 drachm. 

Water to 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. Hospital Formulary. 



3 70 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Mixture or Tincture of Iron and Quinia. 

Take of Tincture of chloride of iron 2 drachms. 

Solution of sulphate of quinia (15 grains to 1 

ounce) 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. Hospital Formulary. 

Mixture of Tincture of Iron and Nux Vomica. 

Take of Tincture of chloride of iron 4 drachms. 

Tincture of nux vomica 2 drachms. 

Tincture of cantharides 2 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 20 minims three times a day. In gleet. 

Mixtures of Tincture of Iron and Glycerin. 

Take of Tincture of chloride of iron 2 to 3 drachms. 

Glycerin 1^- ounce. 

Water 1^ ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every two hours for children. In recurring 
naso-facial erysipelas of strumous origin. V. P. Gibney. 

Take of Tincture of chloride of iron 1 to 1^ drachm. 

Glycerin 1 ounce. 

Water . 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm half-hourly, alternating with a solution of chlo- 
rate of potassium. In diphtheria. G. E. Billington. 



FERR1 CITRAS (U. S., Ger.)— CITRATE OF IROK 

Take of solution of citrate of iron, a convenient quantity. 

Evaporate, at or below 140°, to the consistence of syrup, and spread upon 
glass plates to dry. 

It is in thin, transparent, garnet-colored scales, of a mildly acid, chaly- 
beate taste. Well suited to persons of delicate stomachs. 

Dose : 2 to 5 grains. 

The German Pharmacopoeia dissolves freshly prepared hydrated oxide 
of iron in a solution of citric acid. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Liquor Ferri Citratis (U. S.) — Solution of Citrate of Iron. 

Take of Citric acid 5 ounces and 6 drachms. 

Solution of tersulphate of iron 1 pint. 

Water of ammonia 20 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dilute the water of ammonia with 2 pints, and the iron solution with 3 
pints of distilled water, mix the solutions, collect and wash the precipitate. 



SULPHATE OF IRO^ AND AMMONIUM. 171 

Place half of it in a capsule heated to 140°, add the citric acid, and stir 
until the precipitate is nearly dissolved ; then add enough of the reserved 
portion to saturate the acid. Lastly, filter the solution, and evaporate it, at 
or below 140°, to 1 pint. 

Dose : 5 to 10 minims. Used like the preceding. 



FEEKI ET AMMONII CITEAS (XL S. et al. Ph.)— CITEATE 
OF IRON AND AMMONIUM. 

Take of Solution of citrate of iron 1 pint. 

Water of- ammonia 6 ounces. 

Mix, and evaporate, at or below 140°, to the consistence of syrup, and 
spread upon glass plates to dry. 

It is in garnet-red, translucent scales, of a slightly ferruginous taste, 
and wholly soluble in water. It is a mild chalybeate, and generally agrees 
well with the stomach. 

Dose : 2 to 5 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Wine of Citrate of Iron (Br.). 

Take of Citrate of iron and ammonium 160 grains. 

Orange wine 20 ounces. 

Dissolve, and let the solution remain three days in a closed vessel, shak- 
ing it occasionally, then filter. 
Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 

Mixtures of Citrate of Iron and Ammonium. 

Take of Citrate of iron and ammonium 32 grains. 

Carbonate of ammonium 32 grains. 

Syrup 2 ounces. 

Anise water 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm for children. J. Lewis Smith, 

Take of Citrate of iron and ammonium 5 grains. 

Camphor water 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. One dose. London Throat Hospital. 



FEEEI ET AMMONII SULPHAS (XL S., Ger.)— SULPHATE 
OF IKON AND AMMONIUM. 

Take of Solution of tersulphate of iron 2 pints. 

Sulphate of ammonium 4|- ounces. 

Heat the solution to the boiling point, add the sulphate of ammonium, 
stirring until dissolved, then set aside to crystallize. Wash the crystals 



172 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

quickly in very cold water, wrap them in bibulous paper, and dry them in 
the open air. 

It is in colorless or violet tinted crystals, of an astringent taste, and 
wholly soluble in water. Used in chronic catarrhal affections. 

Dose 3 to 15 grains. 

Inhalation of Sulphate of Ikon and Ammonium. 

Take of Sulphate of iron and ammonium 20 grains. 

Water 8 ounces. 

Mix. Use by means of a steam atomizer. Astringent. 

G. M. Lefferts. 



FERRI ET AMMONII TARTRAS (U. S.)— TARTRATE OF 
IRON AND AMMONIUM. 

Take of Tartaric acid 12 ounces. 

Solution of tersulphate of iron 2% pints. 

Carbonate of ammonium sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Dissolve 6 ounces of the acid in 2 pints of distilled water, and care- 
fully neutralize it with carbonate of ammonium ; then add the remainder 
of the acid, dissolved in \ pint of distilled water. From the iron solution, 
prepare hydrated oxide of iron according to the formula for that substance, 
and add it to the solution of bitartrate of ammonium, kept at 140°, until it 
is no longer dissolved. Then filter the solution, evaporate, at or below 
140°, to the consistence of syrup, and spread upon glass plates to dry. 

It is in thin, transparent, garnet-red scales, of a sweetish, chalybeate 
taste, and soluble in water. 

It is a mild tonic, and generally acceptable to the stomach. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 



FERRI ET POTASSII TARTRAS (U. S., Br., Fr.)— TARTRATE 
OF IRON AND POTASSIUM. 

Take of Solution of tersulphate of iron 1 pint. 

Bitartrate of potassium 7 ounces. 

Distilled water 4 pints. 

From the iron solution, prepare hydrated oxide of iron according to the 
formula for that substance, and add it, until it is no longer dissolved, to 
the bitartrate of potassium, mixed with the water and heated to 140°. 
Then filter the solution, and evaporate, at or below 140°, to the consistence 
of syrup, and spread upon glass plates to dry. 



CITRATE OF IRON AND QUINIA. 173 

It is in thin, transparent scales, of a ruby-red color, of a pleasant, ferrugi- 
nous taste, and readily soluble in water. It is less liable to constipate, or 
to disorder the stomach, than any other ferruginous preparation. From its 
agreeable taste, it is generally well suited to children and persons of deli- 
cate stomachs. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. Tartrated Iron, Br. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Lozenges of Tartrate of Iron and Potassium (Fi\). 

Take of Tartrate of iron and potassium 50 parts. 

"White sugar 1,000 parts. 

Vanilla sugar 30 parts. 

Mucilage of tragacanth 100 parts. 

Make lozenges weighing 15 grains each. 

Syrup of Tartrate of Iron and Potassium (Fr.). 

Take of Tartrate of iron and potassium 25 parts. 

Cinnamon water 25 parts. 

Syrup 950 parts. 

Dissolve the tartrate in the cinnamon water, filter, and mix with the 
syrup. 

Mixtures of Tartrate of Iron and Potassium. 

Take of Tartrate of iron and potassium 1 drachm. 

Compound tincture of cinchona 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. Hospital Formulary. 

Take of Tartrate of iron and potassium 20 grains. 

Iodide of potassium 10 grains. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. King's College Hospital. 



FEEEI ET QUININE CITEAS (U. S., Br.)— CITE ATE OF IEON 

AND QUINIA. 

Take of Solution of citrate of iron 10 ounces. 

Sulphate of quinia 1 ounce. 

Diluted sulphuric acid sufficient. 

Water of ammonia sufficient 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Triturate the sulphate of quinia with 6 ounces of water, add sufficient 
diluted sulphuric acid to dissolve it, then carefully add water of ammonia 
in slight excess. Wash the precipitated quinia, add it to the solution of 



mammm 



174 MEDICAL FOKMULARY. 

citrate of iron, heated to 120°, and stir until it is dissolved. Lastly, evapo- 
rate, at or below 140°, to the consistence of syrup, and spread upon glass 
plates to dry. 

It occurs in yellowish-green scales, of a bitter, chalybeate taste, and 
slowly soluble in water. On account of its tardy solubility, it is an eligible 
form in which to administer iron and quinia in powder without offending 
the taste. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 

Syrup of Citrate of Iron and Qutnia. 

Take of Citrate of iron and quinia 2 drachms. 

Syrup of lemons 3 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. An agreeable form of administration, espe- 
cially for children. 

Wine of Citrate of Iron and Qutnia. 

Take of Citrate of iron and quinia 1 drachm. 

Sherry wine 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. Hospital Formulary. 



FERRI ET STRYCHNINE CITRAS (U. S.)— CITRATE OF 
IRON AND STRYCHNIA. 

Take of Citrate of iron and ammonium 500 grains. 

Strychnia 5 grains. 

Citric acid 5 grains. 

Distilled water 9 drachms. 

Dissolve the citrate in 1 ounce, and the strychnia, together with the 
citric acid, in 1 drachm of the distilled water. Mix the solutions, evapo- 
rate, at or below 140°, to the consistence of syrup, and spread upon glass, 
plates to dry. 

In general appearance, this salt resembles citrate of iron and ammo- 
nium, but differs in its very bitter taste. It possesses the tonic properties 
of iron and strychnia, but is in no wa} r superior to extemporaneous mix- 
tures of the two. 

Dose : 3 to 5 grains. 



FERRI HYPOPHOSPHIS— HYPOPHOSPHITE OF IRON. 

Prepared by adding a solution of hypophosphite of sodium to one of 
chloride or sulphate of iron. 

It is a white, amorphous powder, insoluble in cold water, and nearly 
tasteless. 



IODIDE OF IRON. 175 

It is believed, on theoretical rather than clinical grounds, to possess the 
combined virtues of iron and phosphorus. Used in diseases of the nervous 
system and in phthisis. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 



FEKRI IODIDUM (Br., Fr.)— IODIDE OF IRON. 

Take of Fine iron wire 1^ ounce. 

Iodine 3 ounces. 

Distilled water 15 ounces. 

Put the iodine, iron, and 12 ounces of water into a flask, and having 
heated the mixture gently for ten minutes, raise the heat and boil until the 
froth becomes white. Strain quickly into a dish of polished iron, washing 
the filter with the remainder of the water, and boil until a drop solidifies 
on cooling ; then pour upon a porcelain dish, and, when it has solidified, 
break into pieces, and preserve in a well-stopped bottle. 

It is crystalline, green with a tinge of brown, inodorous, deliquescent, 
and almost entirely soluble in water. 

Used as a tonic and alterative in scrofula, diseases of the skin, etc. 

It is an unstable preparation, and on this account is not included in the 
U. S. Pharmacopoeia. 

Dose : 1 to 5 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Syrupus Ferri Iodidi (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Syrup of Iodide of Iron. 

Take of Iodine 2 ounces. 

Iron, in the form of wire 300 grains. 

Distilled water 3 ounces. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Mix the iodine, iron, and w T ater in a flask, and shake occasionally until 
the solution has acquired a green color and lost the smell of iodine. Then 
filter it into a bottle containing 1 pint of syrup heated to 212°, shake 
thoroughly, and, when cool, add sufficient syrup to make the product 
measure 20 ounces. Preserve in two-ounce vials, well-stopped. 

Dose : 20 to 40 minims. 

This is, without doubt, the best form in which to administer iodine and 
iron in combination. It is largely employed in strumous affections, as 
caries and necrosis of the bones, tuberculosis, etc. 



176 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Pilulee Ferri Iodidi (U. S., Br., Fr.)— Pills of Iodide of Iron. 

Take of Iodine 300 grains. 

Iron, in the form of wire 120 grains. 

Sugar 192 grains. 

Liquorice root 192 grains. 

Liquorice 48 grains. 

Gum arabic 48 grains. 

Reduced iron 96 grains. 

Water 1£ ounce. 

Mix the iodine with 10 drachms of the water in a flask, add the iron 
gradually, agitating until the solution is of a light green color ; then filter 
into a capsule containing the reduced iron, washing the filter with the re- 
mainder of the water. Evaporate until a pellicle forms, add the remaining 
powders, previously mixed together, and continue the evaporation until it 
is reduced to a pilular consistence. Divide into 384 pills, and coat them 
with balsam of tolu, dissolved in ether. 
Dose : 1 to 5 pills. 

The British and French processes yield a similar product. They are 
known as Blancard's Pills. 

Saccharated Iodide of Iron (Ger.). 

Take of Powdered iron 3 parts. 

Distilled water 10 parts. 

Iodine 8 parts. 

Sugar of milk 40 parts. 

Mix the iron, water, and iodine, and, when reaction has ceased, filter in- 
to a capsule containing the sugar, mix well, and evaporate to dryness. 
Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

Solution or Iodide of Iron (Ger.). 

Take of Powdered iron 3 parts. 

Distilled water 18 parts. 

Iodine 8 parts. 

Mix in a glass flask, and heat gently until reaction has ceased, then 
filter. 

This solution is prepared extemporaneously, for addition to mixtures, 
etc. Eight parts of the iodine employed correspond to ten parts of iodide 
of iron. 



FEEEI LACTAS (II. S., Fr., Ger.)— LACTATE OF IEOK 

Take of Lactic acid 1 ounce. 

Iron, in the form of filings -| ounce. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Mix the acid with 1 pint of distilled water in an iron vessel, add the 
iron, digest until reaction has ceased, adding distilled water to preserve 
the measure ; filter while hot, and set aside to crvstallize. 



OXALATE OF IRON NITRATE OF IRON. 177 

It is a yellowish, or greenish crystalline powder, of a sweetish, ferruginous 
taste, and sparingly soluble in water. It is mild and unirritating in action. 
Dose : 1 to 2 grains. 

Effervescing Powder cf Lactate of Iron. 

Take of Lactate of iron 45 grains. 

Tartaric acid 2 drachms. 

Bicarbonate of sodium 3 drachms. 

Mix, and preserve in a well-stopped bottle. 

Dose : 10 to 20 grains. In gastric ulcer. Lebert. 

Capsfees of Lactate of Iron, Nux Vomica, and Cannabis. 

Take of Lactate of iron 50 grains. 

Extract of nux vomica 5 grains. 

Extract of cannabis Indica 10 to 15 grains. 

Extract of belladonna 3 grains. 

Resin of podophyllum 2 to 1 grain. 

Mix well, and divide into 20 capsules. 

Dose : 1 capsule after each meal. For anaemia with sluggish state of 
the bowels, nervous depression, and wandering neuralgic pains. The can- 
nabis and the podophyllum in the above formula may be increased or 
diminished according to the effects produced. I begin with 10 grains of 
the former, and 2 grains of the latter, but after one week I find the 
patient tolerates 15 grains of the former, and requires only 1 grain of the 
latter. Fordyce Barker. 



FERRI OXALAS (U. S.)— OXALATE OF IRON. 

Take of Sulphate of iron 2 ounces. 

Oxalic acid 436 grains. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the sulphate in 30 ounces, and the acid in 15 ounces of dis- 
tilled water, filter and mix the solutions. Decant, and when the precipitate 
has subsided, wash, and dry it with a gentle heat. 

It is a lemon-yellow, crystalline powder, insoluble in water, and, thera- 
peutically, of little importance. 
Dose : 2 to 3 grains. 



FERRI NITRAS— NITRATE OF IRON. 

PREPARATION. 
Liquor Ferri Nitratis (TJ. S., Br.) — Solution of Nitrate of Iron. 

Take of Iron, in the form of wire 2J- ounces. 

Nitric acid (by weight) 5 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Mix the iron with 12 ounces of distilled water, and add, in small por- 
tions at a time, 3 ounces of nitric acid previously mixed with 6 ounces of 
12 



178 MEDICAL FORMULAKY. 

distilled water, moderating the reaction by setting the vessel in cold water, 
to prevent the occurrence of red fumes. When effervescence has nearly 
ceased, agitate until a portion of the liquid, being filtered, is of a pale green 
color. Then filter, pour into a capacious capsule, heat to 130°, and add the 
remainder of the acid. When effervescence has ceased, continue the heat 
until no more gas escapes, then add sufficient distilled water to make the 
liquid measure 36 ounces. 

It' is a transparent liquid, of a pale amber color, and sp. gr. 1.060 to 
1.070. It is tonic and astringent, and is used in hemorrhages, chronic 
diarrhoea, etc. 

Dose : 8 to 20 minims. Solution of Pernitrate of Iron, Br. 



PERRI OXIDUM HTDRATUM (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— HYDRATED 
OXIDE OF IRON. 

Take of Solution of tersulphate of iron 1 pint. 

Water of ammonia 20 ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

To the water of ammonia, mixed with 2 pints of water, add, stirring 
constantly, the iron solution previously mixed with 2 pints of water. Wash 
the precipitate until the washings are nearly tasteless, then mix with suffi- 
cient water to make the product measure 1|- pint. 

Used as an antidote to arsenic. 

Dose : \ to 2 ounces. 

Termed, by the British Pharmacopoeia, Moist Peroxide of Iron ; and, 
when dried, at or below 212°, Hydrated Peroxide of Iron. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Sacchaeated Oxide of Ieon (Ger.). 

Take of Solution of sesquichloride of iron 20 parts. 

Syrup 20 parts. 

Solution of caustic soda 40 parts. 

White sugar sufficient. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Mix the iron solution and the syrup, add the soda solution, stirring 
constantly, and set aside for twenty-four hours. Then pour the clear 
liquid into 300 parts of boiling distilled water, and allow it to settle. Col- 
lect the precipitate, wash it, free it of most of the water, mix with 90 parts 
of sugar, and evaporate to dryness. Then mix with sufficient sugar to make 
the product 100 parts. 

It forms a reddish powder, of a sweet, ferruginous taste, and wholly solu- 
ble in 5 parts of water. 
Dose : 10 to 20 grains. 



PHOSPHATE OF IKON PYROPHOSPHATE OF IRON. 179 



FEEEI PHOSPHAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— PHOSPHATE OF IEON". 

Take of Sulphate of iron 5 ounces. 

Phosphate of sodium 6 ounces. 

Water 8 pints. 

Dissolve the salts separately, each in 4 pints of water, mix the solutions, 
and set aside until the precipitate has subsided. Then decant, wash the 
precipitate with hot water, and dry it with a gentle heat. 

It is a bluish powder, odorless, tasteless, and insoluble. It is theoretically 
assumed to produce the combined effects of iron and phosphorus — an as- 
sumption which is more than doubtful. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Syrup of Phosphate of Iron (Br.). 

Take of Granulated sulphate of iron 224 grains. 

Phosphate of sodium 200 grains. 

Acetate of sodium 74 grains. 

Diluted phosphoric acid 5£ ounces. 

Refined sugar 8 ounces. 

Distilled water 8 ounces. 



Dissolve the sulphate of iron in 4 ounces of the water, and the phos- 
pkate and acetate of sodium in the remainder. Mix the solutions, collect 
and wash the precipitate. Then press it strongly between folds of bibu- 
lous paper, dissolve in the phosphoric acid, filter, add the sugar, and dis- 
solve without heat. The product should measure 12 ounces. 

Dose : 1 drachm. 

Pill of Phosphate of Iron. 

Take of Phosphate of iron 1 grain. 

Extract of colocynth 1 grain. 

Extract of hyoscyamus 1 grain. 

Bread crumbs 2 grains. 

Make 1 pill. Charing Cross Hospital. 



FEEEI PYEOPHOSPHAS (IT. S., Fr., Ger.)— PYROPHOS- 
PHATE OF IKON. 

Take of Phosphate of sodium 7J ounces. 

Solution of tersulphate of iron 7 ounces, or sufficient. 

Citric acid 2 ounces. 

Water of ammonia 5£ ounces, or sufficient. 

"Water sufficient. 

Heat the phosphate in a porcelain capsule until dry, then, in an iron 
capsule, to incipient redness, without fusion. Then dissolve, with the aid 



180 JMEDICAL FORMULARY. 

of heat, in 3 pints of water, filter, cool to 50°, and add solution of tersul- 
phate of iron until it ceases to produce a precipitate. Collect, wash, and 
transfer the precipitate to a weighed capsule. Add water of ammonia to 
the citric acid until it is saturated and dissolved, mix the solution with the 
precipitate in the weighed capsule, and evaporate until the liquid is re- 
duced to 16 ounces (by weight). Spread this on glass plates to dry. 
Lastly, preserve in a well-stopped bottle, protected from light. 

It is in apple-green scales, having an acidulous, slightly saline taste, 
and wholly soluble in water. It is an excellent chalybeate. 

Dose : 2 to 5 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Syrup of Pyrophosphate of Iron (Fr.). 

Take of Pyrophosphate of iron 1 part. 

Distilled water 2 parts. 

Syrup 97 parts. 

Dissolve the pyrophosphate in the water, filter, and mix with the syrup. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

Mixture of Pyrophosphate of Iron. 

Take of Pyrophosphate of iron 1 drachm. 

Sulphate of quinia 1 drachm. 

Strychnia 1 grain. 

Diluted phosphoric acid 2 drachms. 

Syrup of ginger 2 ounces. 

Water , to 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. Hammond. 



FERRI SULPHAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— S ULPII ATE OF IRON. 

Take of Iron, in the form of wire 12 ounces. 

Sulphuric acid (by weight) 18 ounces. 

Water 8 pints. 

Mix the acid and water, add the iron, and heat until effervescence 
ceases. Pour off the solution, add 30 grains of sulphuric acid, and filter 
through paper, allowing the lower end of the funnel to touch the bottom 
of the receiving vessel. Then evaporate by heat until sufficiently concen- 
trated, and set aside in a covered vessel to crystallize. Drain the crystals, 
dry upon bibulous paper, and keep in a well-stopped bottle. 

It is in transparent, bluish-green crystals, which are efflorescent, and 
wholly soluble in water. It is tonic and powerfully astringent. Used for 
the general tonic effects of iron, and to restrain undue secretion, especially 
from mucous surfaces. 

Dose : 1 to 3 grains. 



SULPHATE OF IRON. 181 

PREPARATIONS. 
Ferri Sulphas Exsiccata (IT. S., Br., Ger.) — Dried Sulphate of Iron. 

Take of Sulphate of iron sufficient. 

Heat to 300° as long as it loses weight. 
Dose : $ to 2 grains, in pill. 

Liquor Ferri Subsulphatis (XL S.) — Solution of Subsulphate of Iron. 

Take of Sulphate of iron 12 ounces. 

Sulphuric acid 510 grains. 

Nitric acid 780 grains. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Mix the acids with J pint of distilled water in a capacious porcelain cap- 
sule, heat to the boiling point, and add the sulphate, one-fourth at a time, 
stirring after each addition until effervescence ceases. Keep it in ebullition 
until nitrous vapors are no longer perceptible, and the color assumes a 
deep, ruby-red tint. "When nearly cold, add enough distilled water to 
make it measure 12 ounces. 

It is an inodorous, syrupy liquid, of a ruby-red color, and of an ex- 
tremely astringent taste, without causticity. 

Used topically as an astringent and styptic. 

Known as MonseVs Styptic. 

Liquor Ferri Tersulphatis (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Solution of Tersulphate 

of Iron. 

Take of Sulphate of iron 12 ounces. 

Sulphuric acid 1020 grains. 

Nitric acid 840 grains. 

Water sufficient. 

Proceed as in preparing solution of subsulphate of iron, adding, at the 
close of the operation, sufficient distilled water to make the product mea- 
sure 1-i- pint. 

It is a dark, reddish-brown liquid, almost odorless, and of an acid, and 
extremely styptic taste. Used in preparations. 

Pilule Ferri Compositse (U. S.) — Compound Pills of Iron. 

Take of Myrrh 36 grains. 

Sulphate of iron 18 grains. 

Carbonate of sodium 18 grains. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Bub the myrrh, first with the carbonate, then with the sulphate, make a 
mass with syrup, and divide into 24 pills. 
Dose : 2 to 6 pills. 



182 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Blaud's Ferruginous Pills (Fr.). 

Take of Dried sulphate of iron 30 parts. 

Dried carbonate of potassium 30 parts. 

Gum arabic 5 parts. 

Water 30 parts. 

Simple syrup 15 parts. 

Dissolve the gum in the water on a water-bath, add the syrup and iron, 
then the carbonate of potassium, and evaporate, stirring constantly, to a 
proper consistence. Divide into pills weighing 6 grains each. 

Dose : 1 to 3 pills thrice daily. Believed by many to be one of the 
best means of supplying the system with iron in anaemia, chlorosis, etc. 

Hooper's Pills. 

Take of Barbadoes aloes 8 ounces. 

Sulphate of iron 4 ounces. 

Extract of black hellebore 2 ounces. 

Myrrh 2 ounces. 

Soap 2 ounces. 

Canella 1 ounce. 

Ginger , . . . . 1 ounce. 

Beat into a mass with water, and divide into pills of 2£ grains each. 
Dose : 2 to 3 pills. Laxative and emmenagogue. 



Pills of Sulphate of Ieon and Qutnla. 

Take of Sulphate of iron 1 grain. 

Sulphate of quinia 1 grain. 

Extract of chamomile , 1 grain. 

Make 1 pill. Royal Chest Hospital. 



Take of Dried sulphate of iron 1^ drachm. 

Sulphate of quinia 1 drachm. 

Mix, and make 30 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three times a day, or 4 or 5 during the day. In enlarged 
spleen of malarial origin. Bartholow. 

Pills of Iron and Valerian. 

Take of Sulphate of iron 15 grains. 

Valerianate of quinia 15 grains. 

Strychnia 1 grain. 

Extract of rhubarb 40 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 30 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill. Samaritan Hospital. 



SULPHUKET OF IKON. 183 



Pill of Iron and Zinc. 



Take of Sulphate of iron 1 grain. 

Sulphate of zinc 1 grain. 

Ipecacuanha 1 grain. 

Extract of eonium 2 grains. 



^ j 



Make 1 pill. London Chest Hospital. 

Pills of Iron and Croton Oil. 

Take of Sulphate of iron 12 grains. 

Croton oil 1 minim. 

Rhubarb pill 20 grains. 

Mix, and divide, into 12 pills. 

Dose : 1 or 2 pills. Samaritan Hospital. 

Mixtures of Sulphate of Iron. 

Take of Sulphate of iron 4 grains. 

Aromatic sulphuric acid 20 minims. 

Distilled water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. Ellis. 

Take of Sulphate of iron 3 grains. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 5 minims. 

Infusion of quassia 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Charing Cross Hospital. 

Take of Sulphate of zinc 2 grains. 

Sulphate of magnesium 60 grains. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 5 minims. 

Peppermint water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Throat Hospital. 

Inhalation of Sulphate of Iron. 

Take of Sulphate of iron 20 to 40 grains. 

Water 8 ounces. 

Mix. Use by means of a steam atomizer. Astringent. 

G. M. Lefferts. 



FEKKI SULPHUEETUM (U. S., Br., Fr.)— SULPHURET OF 

IKON. 

Prepared by heating iron filings with sulphur in a crucible. It is used 
only for the preparation of sulphuretted hydrogen, which it evolves when 
mixed with diluted sulphuric or hydrochloric acid. 



184 MEDICAL FOEMULARY. 



FERRI VALERIANAS— VALERIANATE OF IRON. 

Prepared by adding a solution of valerianate of sodium to one of sul- 
phate of iron as long as a precipitate is produced, washing and drying the 
precipitate. 

It is a dark brownish -red j>owder, having the odor, and some of the taste 
of valerian. 

Used in anaemia attended with hysterical manifestations. 

Dose : J to 2 grains. 



FICUS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— FIG. 

The fleshy receptacle of the fruit of Ficus Carica, L. [Nat. ord., Arto- 
carpacece), a tree indigenous to Asia, but long cultivated in subtropical re- 
gions of the Old World, and now, to some extent, in the Southern United 
States. 

Figs are nutritive and slightly laxative. They enter into the composi- 
tion of confection of senna. 



FIL1X MAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— FERN— MALE FERN. 

The rhizome of Aspidium Filix-mas, Swartz (Nat. ord., Filices). This 
fern is indigenous to the Old World, where it is very common, and also 
to this country, being found from Lake Superior westward. 

The root has a disagreeable odor, and a sweetish, afterward bitter, 
acrid taste. It yields an oleoresin, to which its medicinal effects are chiefly 
due. 

Male fern is used solely as a remedy for tape-worm, and is one of the 
best. 

The rhizome of Aspidium marginale, Willd., our common shield fern, has 
also been used as a tsenicide, and with good results. 

Dose : 1 to 3 drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Oleoresina Filieis (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Oleoresin of Fern. 

Take of Male fern 12 ounces. 

Ether sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 24 ounces. Eecover the greater part of 
the ether by distillation, and expose the residue in a capsule until the re- 
maining ether has evaporated. Keep in a well-stopped bottle. 

Dose : 20 to 40 minims. 

Termed extract, liquid extract, and ethereal extract, by the German, 
British, and French pharmacopoeias, respectively. 



FEISTNEL. 185 

Confection of 'Male Fern. 

Take of Oleoresin of fern 3 drachms. 

Ether ... 1| drachm. 

Powdered valerian 2 drachms. 

Purified honey 1£ ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 3 or 4 drachms every half-hour. For tape-worm. 

R. Tauszky. 

Mixture of M\le Fern. 
Take of Liquid extract of male fern 1 drachm. 

Glycerin 1 drachm. 

Mucilage 1 drachm. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose.' Middlesex Hospital. 



FOEXICULUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— FENNEL. 

The fruit of Fceniculum vulgare, Gaertn. (Nat. ord., Umbelliferce), an 
herbaceous perennial indigenous to Southern Europe, and extensively 
cultivated in France and Germany. 

Fennel has an aromatic odor, and a sweetish taste. It is aromatic 
and carminative, and is used chiefly as an adjunct to other medicines. 

Dose : 20 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Aqua Fcenieuli (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Fennel Water. 

Take of Oil of Fennel \ drachm. 

Carbonate of magnesium 60 grains. 

Distilled water 2 pints. 

Rub the oil with the carbonate, then with the water, gradually added, 
and filter. 

Used as a vehicle. The European pharmacopoeias prepare it by dis- 
tilling fennel with water. The United States Pharmacopoeia also permits 
it to be prepared in this manner. 

Oleum Fcenieuli (U. S. 5 Fr., Ger.)— Oil of Fennel. 
The oil obtained from fennel by distillation. 
Dose : 5 to 15 minims. 

Spirit, or Essence of Fennel (Fr.). 

Take of Fennel 1 part. 

Alcohol (80#) 8 parts. 

Distill off the alcohol. 
Dose : 20 to 30 minims. 



186 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



FRASERA (IT. S.)— AMERICAN COLUMBO. 

The root of Frasera Carolinensis, Walt. (Nat. ord., Gentianacece), a 
biennial or triennial, indigenous to the United States. It has a very bitter 
taste, and possesses tonic properties analogous to those of gentian and 
columbo, and is occasionally substituted for them. 

Dose : 30 to 60 grains. 

Infusion of American Columbo. 

Take of American Columbo 1 ounce. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Infuse one hour, and strain. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. Wood. 

Tincture of American Columbo. 

Take of American Columbo 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol 5 parts. 

Macerate two weeks, and filter. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



GALBANUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— GALBAJSTUM. 

A gum-resin obtained from Ferula galbaniflua, Boiss. et Buhse, and 
other species of Ferula (Nat. ord., Umbelliferce), tall, herbaceous plants, in- 
digenous to Persia. The drug is met with in drops or tears cohering in a 
mass, though sometimes of a semifluid consistence. It has a peculiar, 
aromatic odor, and a bitter, acrid taste. 

It is employed internally as a stimulating expectorant, and externally, 
in the form of a plaster, as an application to indolent swellings, etc. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 
Pilulae Galbani Composite (U. S.)— Compound Pills of Galbanum. 

Take of Galbanum 36 grains. 

Myrrh 36 grains. 

Asafetida 12 grains. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Beat together and divide into 24 pills. 

Dose : 1 to 5 pills. Compound Pill of Asafetida, Br. 



NUTGALL. 187 

Emplastrum Galbani Compositum (U. S.) — Compound Galbanuru 

Plaster. 

Take of Galbanum 8 ounces. 

Turpentine 1 ounce. 

Burgundy pitch 3 ounces. 

Lead plaster 36 ounces. 

Mix, melt, and strain the galbanum and turpentine, add the pitch, and 
then the plaster, previously melted. 



Galbaxoi Plaster (Br.). 

Take of Galbanum 1 ounce. 

Ammoniacum 1 ounce. 

Yellow wax 1 ounce. 

Lead plaster 8 ounces. 

Mix, melt, and strain the galbanum and ammoniacum, then add the 
plaster and wax, previously melted together. 

Galbaxum Plaster with Saeeron (Ger.). 

Take of Purified galbanum 24 parts. 

Turpentine 6 parts. 

Lead plaster 24 parts. 

Yellow wax 8 parts. 

Saffron, powdered 1 part. 

Dissolve the galbanum in the turpentine by means of a steam-bath, 
add the plaster and wax, previously melted together, then the saffron, pre- 
viously rubbed to a pulp with a little alcohol. 



GALLA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— NUTGALL. 

Excrescences, caused by the sting of an insect, upon the young branches 
of Quercus infectoria, Olivier (Nat ord., Cupuliferce), a small oak of Greece, 
Asia Minor, Cyprus, and Syria. 

They are spherical, two-fifths to four-fifths of an inch in diameter, hard 
and brittle, and having a bitter, astringent taste, due to the tannic, and 
gallo-tannic acids which they contain. 

Galls are important as being the source from which tannic and gallic 
acids are derived. They are used both externally and internally as an as- 
tringent. 

Dose : 10 to 20 grains. 



188 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Tinctura Galla? (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Tincture of Nutgall. 

Take of Nutgall 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : J to 1 drachm. 

Unguentum Gallse (U. S., Br.) — Ointment of Nutgall. 

Take of Nutgall 60 grains. 

Lard ' 420 grains. 

Mix thoroughly. 

Applied to hemorrhoids, prolapsus ani, etc. 

Ointment of Galls and Opium (Br.). 

Take of Ointment of galls (80 grains to 1 ounce) 1 ounce. 

Opium, in powder 32 grains. 

Mix thoroughly. 

Used like the preceding. Will often give great relief in inflamed and 
irritable hemorrhoids. 

Decoction of Galls. 

Take of Galls 2|- ounces. 

Water 40 ounces. 

Boil to 20 ounces. St. George's Hospital. 



GAMBOGIA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— GAMBOGE. 

A gum-resin obtained from Garcinia Morella, Desv. (Nat. ord., Gutti- 
ferce), a middle-sized tree, indigenous to Siam, Cambogia, and Cochin China. 

Gambogia is of an orange-yellow color, and has a disagreeable, acrid 
taste. It is a very active hydragogue cathartic, but, on account of the vio- 
lence of its action, it is seldom used, except in combination with other 
remedies. 

Dose : 1 to 3 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Compound Pill of Gamboge (Br.). 

Take of Gamboge 1 ounce. 

Barbadoes aloes 1 ounce. 

Compound powder of cinnamon 1 ounce. 

Hard soap 2 ounces. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Mix the powders, add the syrup, and beat into a mass. 
Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 



AVINTEKGEEEN. 189 

Compound Pills of Gamboge (Fi\). 
Take of Barbadoea aloes 20 parts. 

Gamboge 20 parts. 

White honey 10 parts. 

Oil of anise 1 part. 

Make a mass, and divide into pills of 3 grains each. 
Dose : 1 to 2 pills. 

Compound Pills of Gamboge — Miller's Pills. 
Take of Scammony 20 grains. 

Aloes 20 grains. 

Gamboge 20 grains. 

Calomel 20 grains. 

Cream of'tartar 20 grains. 

Extract of dandelion sufficient. 

Mix, and divide into 20 pills. 

Dose : 1 to 2 pills. Hospital Formulary. 



GAULTHEKIA (U. S., Fr.)— WINTEEGEEEK 

The leaves of Gaultheria procumbens, L. (Nat, ord., Ericacece), a very- 
small shrub with a creeping stem, indigenous to North America. 

It has an agreeable odor, an aromatic, and slightly astringent taste, and 
is used as a flavoring agent. The volatile oil is the preparation generally 
employed. 

Dose : £ to 2 drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Oleum Gaultheriae (U. S.)— Oil of Gaultheria. 
The oil obtained from wintergreen by distillation. 
Dose : 2 to 10 minims. 

Gaultherl\ Water. 

Take of Oil of gaultheria 16 minims. 

Carbonate of magnesium 1 drachm. 

Water 1 pint. 

Rub the oil with the carbonate, then with the water added gradually, 
and filter. 

Used as a vehicle. Griffith. 

Spirit, or Essence of Gaultheria. 

Take of Oil of Gaultheria 1 ounce. 

Alcohol 15 ounces. 

Dissolve. 

Dose : \ to 1 drachm. A drachm, taken in a wineglass of sweetened 
water three times a day, is useful in common colds. F. A. Burrall. 



190 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



GELSEMIUM (U. S.)— YELLOW JESSAMINE. 

The root of Gelseniium sernpervirens, Ait. {Nat. ord., Loganiacece), a 
shrubby, climbing vine, indigenous to the Southern States. 

Gelsemiuni has a peculiar odor, and an agreeable, bitter taste. It is an 
arterial sedative, lowering the pulse, and producing a corresponding depres- 
sion of the nervous system. In overdoses it is a very dangerous poison. 
It is used in the early stages of acute inflammatory affections, as pleurisy, 
pneumonia, and rheumatism, and in some spasmodic diseases, as tetanus, 
whooping-cough, spasmodic asthma, etc. 

Dose : 2 to 5 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Extr actum Gelsemii Fluidum (U. S.)— Fluid Extract of Gelsemiuni. 

Take of Gelsemium 16 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the gelsemium with 4 ounces of alcohol, and proceed according 
to the general formula, page 161. 
Dose : 2 to 5 minims. 



Tinctuee or Gelsemium. 

Take of Gelsemium 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 5 parts. 

Dose : 10 to 20 minims. J. P. Remington, Report Am. Ph. Ass'n. 



GENTIANA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— GENTIAN. 

The root of Gentiana lutea, L. (Nat. ord., Gentianacece), an herbaceous 
perennial, indigenous to Southern and Central Europe. 

It has a feeble odor, an intensely bitter taste, and is a simple bitter 
without any astringency. As a tonic it is well suited to cases of gastric 
derangement, and to stimulate the appetite in convalescence from acute 
diseases. 

Some of our indigenous species of gentian, as G. Catesbsei and G. 
Andrewsii, have also been used medicinally, and with good effect. 

Dose : ± to 1 drachni. 



GENTIAN. 191 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum Gentian® (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Extract of Gentian. 

Take of Gentian 12 ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Exhaust the gentian by percolation with water, boil the infusion to 
three-fourths of its bulk, strain, and evaporate to a proper consistence. 
Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

Extractum Gentianae Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Gentian. 

Take of Gentian 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol .- sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the 
gentian with 4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the gen- 
eral formula, page 161. 

Dose : J to 1 drachm. 

Infusum Gentianae Compositum (U. S., Br.) — Compound Infusion of 

Gentian. 

Take of Gentian \ ounce. 

Bitter-orange peel 60 grains. 

Coriander 60 grains. 

Alcohol 2 ounces. 

"Water sufficient. 

Mix the alcohol with 14 ounces of water, moisten the mixed powders 
with 3 drachms of the menstruum, then pack, and percolate with the re- 
mainder and sufficient water to make 1 pint. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

A British preparation, almost identical with this, is termed Gentian 
Mixture, while the preparation having this title is made with gentian, 60 
grains ; bitter orange peel, 60 grains ; fresh lemon peel, \ ounce ; boiling 
distilled water, 10 ounces. 

Tinetura Gentianae Composita (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Compound Tincture 

of Gentian. 

Take of Gentian . . . 2 ounces. 

Bitter orange peel 1 ounce. 

Cardamom \ ounce. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : \ to 2 drachms. 

The French Codex directs : gentian, 10 parts ; carbonate of sodium, 3 
parts ; alcohol (60$), 300 parts. 



192 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Tincture of Gentian (Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Gentian 1 part. 

Alcohol (60#) 5 parts. 

Macerate for ten days, express, and filter. 
Dose : -J to 2 drachms. 

Syrup of Gentian (Fr.). 

Take of Gentian 10 parts. 

Boiling water 100 parts. 

White sugar sufficient. 

Macerate the gentian in the water for six hours, express, filter, and add 
sugar in the proportion of 19 parts to 10 parts of filtered liquid. 
Dose : 2 to 4 drachms. 

"Wine of Gentian (Fr.). 

Take of Gentian 3 parts. 

Alcohol (60$) 6 parts. 

Red wine 100 parts. 

Macerate the gentian in the alcohol for twenty-four hours, add the wine,, 
macerate for ten days, express and filter. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Mixtures of Gentian. 

Take of Diluted hydrochloric acid 10 minims. 

Compound infusion of gentian to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Diluted nitro-hydrochloric acid 12 minims. 

Spirit of chloroform 10 minims. 

Compound infusion of gentian to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. University College HospitaL 

Take of Diluted hydrocyanic acid 3 minims. 

Bicarbonate of sodium 15 grains. 

Compound infusion of gentian to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Take of Infusion of gentian 6 drachms. 

Infusion of senna 3 drachms. 

Compound tincture of cardamom 1 drachm. 

Mix. One dose. St. George's HospitaL 

Pill of Gentian and Iron. 

Take of Extract of gentian 3 grains. 

Sulphate of iron 1 grain. 

Make 1 pill. Guys Hospital.. 



CRANESBILL. 193 

Pill of Gentian and Zinc. 

Take of Extract of gentian 3 grains. 

Sulphate of zinc 1 grain. 

Columbo sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. Guy's Hospital. 



GERANIUM (U. S.)— GERANIUM— CRANESBILL. 

The rhizome of Geranium maculatum, L. (Nat. ord., Geraniacece), an 
herbaceous perennial, indigenous to North America, being a prominent and 
beautiful feature of moist woodlands during its season of bloom, from April 
tiU July. 

The rhizome is from one to three inches long, and from a quarter to a 
half inch in diameter. It has an astringent taste, and contains tannic and 
gallic acids. 

It is an excellent astringent, and may be employed in dysentery, diar- 
rhoea, etc., with as good effects as catechu or kino. 

Dose : \ to 1 drachm. 

Extraetum Geranii Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Geranium. 

Take of Geranium 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the ge- 
ranium with \ ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161. 

Dose : \ to 1 drachm. 

Extract of Geranium. 

Take of Geranium, bruised 1 pound. 

Water 1 gallon. 

Boil to one-half, strain, and evaporate to a proper consistence. Very simi- 
lar to rhatany, and may be given in the same cases and in the same 
doses. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. Griffith. 

Decoction of Geranium. 

Take of Geranium 1 ounce. 

Water 1J pint. 

Boil to 1 pint. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. Wood. 

13 



194 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Tincture of Geranium. 

Take of Geranium, fresh 1 part. 

Alcohol 2 parts. 

Macerate two weeks, and filter. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. Particularly suited to the treatment of such 
discharges as continue after the removal of their exciting cause. 

Bigelow. 



GLYCERIN UM (U. 8. et al. Ph.)— GLYCERIN. 

A sweet principle obtained from fats and fixed oils, by decomposing 
them into their proximate principles. 

It is a thick, syrupy, colorless liquid, without odor, and having a very 
sweet taste. It is largely used as a solvent, and to sweeten mixtures when 
from any reason it is desirable to avoid the administration of sugar. 

A class of officinal preparations, termed glycerites (glycerita), are solu- 
tions of medicinal substances in glycerin, made by trituration. 

Dose : \ to 2 drachms. 

Lotions or Glycerin. 

Take of Glycerin 1 drachm. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. British Skin Hospital. 

Take of Glycerin J ounce. 

Saccharated solution of lime ^ ounce. 

Mix. Samaritan Hospital. 



GLYCYRRHIZA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— LIQUORICE ROOT. 

The root and subterraneous stem of Glycyrrhiza glabra, L. (Nat. ord., 
Leguminosce), an herbaceous perennial indigenous to Southern Europe, 
but extensively cultivated in other regions. 

Liquorice root contains sugar and albuminous matter, and, in addition, 
a sweet principle termed glycyrrhizin (glycyrrhizinum). 

It is demulcent and slightly laxative, and is used in acute catarrhal 
affections of the pulmonary and urinary organs. The extract is much used 
to cover the taste of nauseous medicines. 

Dose : 1 to 3 drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extr actum Glyeyrrhizae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Liquorice. 

An aqueous extract, made on a large scale by boiling the root with 
water, straining, and evaporating until it solidifies on cooling. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



LIQUORICE ROOT. 195 

Extractum Glycyrrhizae Fluidum (U. S., Br.) — Fluid Extract of 

Liquorice Root. 

Take of Liquorice root 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the root 
with 4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general formula, 
page 161. 

Dose : £ to 1 drachm. 

Mistura Glycyrrhizae Composita (U. S.) — Compound Mixture of 
Liquorice — Brown Mixture. 

Take of Liquorice ^ ounce. 

Sugar ^ ounce. 

Gum arabic ^ ounce. 

Camphorated tincture of opium 2 ounces. 

Wine of antimony 1 ounce. 

Spirit of nitrous ether ^ ounce. 

Water 12 ounces. 

Rub the powders with the water gradually added, then add the other 
ingre clients, and mix. 

Dose : 1 to 5 drachms. 

An excellent and popular cough mixture. 

Troehisei Glycyrrhizae et Opii (U. S.) — Troches of Liquorice and 

Opium. 

Take of Extract of opium 24 grains. 

Liquorice 2 ounces. 

Gum arabic 1 ounce. 

Sugar 3 ounces. 

Oil of anise 15 minims. 

Rub the powders together, then add the oil, and with water form a 
mass, to be divided into 480 troches. 

Dose : 1 to 5 troches. In cough, and irritation of the throat. 

Liquorice Paste (Ft., Ger.). 

Take of Liquorice i 1 part. 

White sugar 1 part. 

Gum arabic 2 parts. 

Water 6 parts. 

Dissolve the liquorice in the water, and strain ; add the gum, previous- 
ly washed, and when dissolved, strain, and add the sugar. Evaporate until 
nearly solid, roll into sheets, cut them into strips, and dry. The German 
process is different, but the product is quite similar. Another similar 
French preparation contains a minute quantity of extract of opium. 



196 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Compound Liquokice Powder (Ger.). 

Take of Seiina 2 parts. 

Liquorice root 2 parts. 

Fennel seed ■ 1 part. 

Washed sulphur 1 part. 

White sugar 6 parts. 

Mix. Dose : £ to 1 drachm. A mild and excellent laxative. 

Syrup or Liquorice (Ger.). 

Take of Peeled liquorice root 4 parts. 

Water 18 parts. 

White sugar 12 parts. 

Clarified honey 12 parts. 

Macerate the root in the water for one night, express, filter, and evapo- 
rate to 7 parts, then add the sugar and honey. 
Used as a vehicle. 

Take of Fluid extract of liquorice root 2 ounces. 

Syrup 14 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. Charles Bice. 

Pectoral Elixir (Ger.). 

Take of Purified liquorice 2 parts. 

Anisated spirit of ammonia 2 parts. 

Fennel water 6 parts. 

Dissolve the liquorice in the fennel water, then add the anisated spirit. 

Decoction of Liquorice. 

Take of Liquorice root 1J ounce. 

Anise % ounce. 

Water 20 ounces. 

Boil fifteen minutes, and strain. 

Dose : 1 to 3 ounces. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 



GOSSYPIUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— COTTOK 

The hairy filaments attached to the seeds of Gossypium herbaceum, L., 
and other species of Gossypium (Nat. ord., Malmcece). 

The cotton plant is indigenous to the tropical and subtropical regions 
of Asia and Africa, but is extensively cultivated in this country. 

Cotton is used in the preparation of pyroxylon (soluble gun cotton), and 
as a surgical dressing. Freed from impurities, it is an admirable applica- 
tion to recent wounds, burns, etc., effectually preserving them from con- 
tact with the air while it absorbs the discharges. 






COTTON. 197 



PREPARATIONS. 
Pyroxylon (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Soluble Gun Cotton. 

Take of Cotton, freed from impurities $ ounce. 

Nitric acid (by weight) 3^- ounces. 

Sulphuric acid (by weight) 4 ounces. 

Mix the acids gradually, and when the temperature has fallen to 90°, 
add the cotton. Allow it to macerate fifteen hours, then wash first with 
cold, afterward with boiling water, and dry on a water-bath. 

For its uses, see Collodion. 

Medicated Cotton. 

Take of Boracic acid 60 grains. 

Glycerin 20 minims. 

Water 6 drachms. 

Cotton wool, in a thin sheet GO grains. 

Mix the acid, glycerin, and water, and dissolve with the aid of heat. 
Saturate the cotton with the solution, and dry with a moderate heat. 

Antiseptic and disinfectant. Used as a nasal plug, or respirator, in affec- 
tions of the nose and nasopharyngeal region. It may also be used as a 
surgical dressing. London Throat Hospital. 

Take of Tannic acid 30 grains. 

Glycerin 10 minims. 

Water 6 drachms. 

Cotton wool, in a thin sheet 60 grains. 

Dissolve the acid in the glycerin and water, saturate the cotton with the 
solution, and dry with a moderate heat. Astringent. Used like the pre- 
ceding. London Throat Hospital. 

Take of Solution of perchloride of iron J ounce. 

Glycerin 10 minims. 

Cotton wool, in a thin sheet 60 grains. 

Mix the glycerin with the iron solution, saturate the cotton with the 
mixture, and dry by exposure to the air. Astringent and styptic. 

London Throat Hospital. 

Take of Iodoform 70 grains. 

Pure ether 10 drachms. 

Absolute alcohol , 2 drachms. 

Glycerin 10 minims. 

Cotton wool, in a thin sheet 60 grains. 

Dissolve the iodoform in the ether, add the alcohol and glycerin, previ- 
ously mixed, saturate the cotton with the solution, and dry by exposure to 
the air. Prepare in a room without fire or artificial light. Stimulant and 
antiseptic. London Throat Hospital. 



198 .MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

GOSSYPII RADICIS CORTEX (17. S.)— BARK OF COTTON 

ROOT. 

The bark of the root of Gossypimn herbaceuin, L., and of other species 
of Goss} T piuin. See Gossypium. 

Cotton root bark has an effect npon the uterus like that of ergot. It 
has been long used by the negresses of the Southern States to produce 
abortion. It is used medicinally in amenorrhcea and dysmenorrhcea. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extraetum Gossypii Radieis Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of 

Cotton Root. 

Take of Bark of cotton root 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 4 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the bark 
with 4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general formula, 
page 161. 

Dose : 10 to 30 minims. 

Decoction of Cotton Root. 

Take of Bark of cotton root 4 ounces. 

Water 2 pints. 

Boil to 1 pint. 

Dose : 2 to 4 ounces every twenty or thirty minutes as an oxytocic. 

National Dispensatory. 



GRANATI FRUCTUS CORTEX (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— POME- 
GRANATE RIND. 
GRANATI RADICIS CORTEX (U. S. et al. Ph.)— BARK OF 
POMEGRANATE ROOT. 

The rind of the fruit and bark of the root of Punica Granatum, L. 
(Nat. ord., Granatece), a shrub or small tree indigenous to Asia, but culti- 
vated in many subtropical countries. 

The bark of pomegranate root is powerfully astringent, owing to the 
large percentage of tannin which it contains, and which is its chief con- 
stituent. Its most important use, however, is not as an astringent, but as 
a remedy for tape-worm. The rind of the fruit is used as an astringent in 
diarrhoea, etc. 

Dose : of the rind, 20 to 30 grains ; of the root bark. 10 to 30 grains. 



GRINDELIA. 199 

PREPARATIONS. 

Decoction of Pomegranate Root (Br., Fi\). 

Take of Pomegranate root bark 2 ounces. 

Distilled water . 40 ounces. 

Boil down to 20 ounces, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Alcoholic Extract of Pomegranate Root (Fr.h 

Take of Pomegranate root bark 1 part. 

Alcohol (60#) 6 parts. 

Exhaust the bark by percolation with the alcohol, and evaporate to a 
soft extract. 

Dose : 10 to 20 grains. 

Mlxture of Pomegranate Root and Male Fern. 

Take of Pomegranate root 4 ounces. 

Macerate twenty-four hours in 8 ounces of water, then boil to 3 ounces, 
and add of 

Oleoresin of fern 3 drachms. 

Ether 1 drachm. 

Fluid extract of valerian 2 drachms. 

Croton oil 1 minim. 

Honey 1J ounce. 

Mix. Dose : After a fast of twenty-four hours, eating only herring and 
onions, or garlic, take one-third of the mixture, and repeat in fifteen 
minutes. An hour later, take a dose of castor oil, and if the worm is not 
expelled within three hours, take the remainder of the mixture. For tape- 
worm. B. Tauszky. 



GRINDELIA.— GRIKDELIA. 

The leaves and tops of Grindelia robusta, Nutt. and G. squarrosa, 
Dunal (Nat. ord., Compositce), herbaceous perennials, indigenous to the 
Pacific coast of North America. The medicinal properties of the two are 
probably nearly identical. At present grindelia is little more than a sub- 
ject of experiment. It has been found very beneficial in some cases of 
asthma, and is reported to have been serviceable in bronchitis and whoop- 
ing-cough. 

The fluid extract, applied externally, was asserted to cure Rhus poison- 
ing, but like many other remedies for this affection, it has not substantiated 
the claims made for it. It is no better than any other application which 
protects the inflamed surface from the air. 

Dose : 15 to 60 grains. 



200 MEDICAL FOKMULARY. 

Fluid Extract of Grindelia. 

Take of Grindelia 16 parts. 

Alcohol, 3 parts — water, 2 parts sufficient. 

Moisten the grindelia with 6 ounces of the menstruum, and proceed 
according to the general formula, page 161. 
Dose : 15 to 60 minims. 

Tincture of Grlndelia. 

Take of Grindelia 1 part. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 5 parts. 

Dose : \ to 2 drachms. J. P. Remington, Kept. Am. Ph. Ass'n. 



MrxTURE of Grindelu 



Take of Fluid extract of grindelia 4 ounces. 

Fluid extract of rhubarb 1 ounce. 

Fluid extract of senna 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 2 drachms every half hour during the spasm of hay fever, 
and afterward at intervals of three hours. Napheys. 



GUAIACI LIGNUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— GUAIACUM WOOD. 

The wood of Guaiacum officinale, L. (Nat. ord., Zygophyllece), a tree 
indigenous to the West Indies and Central America. 

It is very heavy, and contains about twenty-five per cent, of resin 
(Guaiaei resina), its most important and valuable constituent. Both the 
wood and resin are used medicinally. 

Guaiacum is stimulant and alterative, and is used mainly in diseases 
of a chronic and obstinate character, such as syphilis, chronic skin dis- 
eases, chronic rheumatism, etc. It has also been used considerably in 
amenorrhcea and dysmenorrhcea. 

The resin, being much more eligible than the wood, is generally em- 
ployed. The latter enters into the composition of Compound Decoction of 
Sarsaparilla, which see. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Decoction of Guaiacum Wood (Fi\). 

Take of Guaiacum wood 5 parts. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil the wood for an hour in sufficient water to obtain 100 parts. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 



GUAIAC. 201 

Tincture of Guaiacum Wood (Fi\). 

Take of Guaiacum wood 1 part. 

Alcohol (60#) 5 parts. 

Macerate ten days, express and filter. 
Dose : 2 to 4 draeknis. 



GUAIACI KESINA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— GUAIAC. 

The resin obtained from the wood of Guaiacnm officinale, L., by ex- 
udation, by incision, by heat, or by decoction. Medicinal properties and 
uses the same as of Guaiacum wood. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 
Tinctura Guaiaei (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Tincture of Guaiac. 

Take of Guaiac 6 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : ^ to 1 drachm 

Tinctura Guaiaei Ammoniata (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Ammoniated 

Tincture of Guaiac. 

Take of Guaiac 6 ounces. 

Aromatic spirit of ammonia 2 pints. 

Macerate seven days, and filter. 
Dose : J to 1 drachm. 

Guaiacum Mixture (Br.). 

Take of Guaiacum resin .} ounce. 

Refined sugar \ ounce. 

Gum arabic \ ounce. 

Cinnamon water 20 ounces. 

Triturate the guaiac with the sugar and gum, adding the cinnamon 
water gradually. 

Dose : -J- to 2 ounces. 

Take of Ammoniated tincture of guaiacum 30 minims. 

Mucilage 1 drachm. 

Water. to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Ophthalmic Hospital. 



202 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Gargle of Guaiac. 

Take of Ainmoniated tincture of guaiac 3 drachms. 

Solution of potassa 3 drachms. 

Tincture of opium 2 drachms. 

Cinnamon water to 8 ounces. 

Mix. Use as a gargle every hour, in clergyman's sore throat. 

Garner. 

Compound Powder of Guaiac. 

Take of Guaiac 15 grains. 

Carbonate of magnesium 15 grains. 

Precipitated sulphur 15 grains. 

Gum arabic 15 grains. 

Bicarbonate of potassium 22 grains. 

Mix. Dose : J to 1 drachm. St. George's Hospital. 



GUAEANA— PAITLLINIA. 

The powdered seeds of Paullinia sorbilis, Martius (Nat. ord., Sapindacece), 
a climbing vine indigenous to the region of the Amazon. 

It has a bitter and astringent taste, and contains caffein as its most im- 
portant constituent. In Brazil it is used in much the same manner and 
for the same purposes as we use coffee. When first introduced to the 
medical profession, it was claimed to possess very important properties, 
but it is now seldom employed except in nervous and sick headaches. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 



Fluid Extract of Guarana. 

Take of Guarana 16 parts. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the guarana with 6 parts of diluted alcohol, and proceed ac- 
cording to the general formula, page 161. 
Dose : 10 to 30 minims. 



Tincture of Guarana. 

Take of Guarana 1 part. 

Alcohol sufficient 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 5 parts. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. J. P. Remington, Report of Am. Ph. Ass'n. 



LOGWOOD. 203 



HJEMATOXYLON (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— LOGWOOD. 

The heart-wood of Haernatoxylon Campeehianum, L. (Naf. ord., Legumi- 
nnscr), a inediimi-sized tree, indigenous to the region about the bay of 
I'ampeachy in Yucatan, and other portions of Central America, from whence 
it has been introduced into many of the West India Islands. 

Logwood has a feeble, rather unpleasant odor, and a sweetish, astrin- 
gent taste. It is a mild astringent, well suited to the later stages of in- 
fantile diarrhoea. 

Dose : ^ to 2 drachms, in decoction. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Decoetum Haematoxyli (IT. S., Br.) — Decoction of Logwood. 

Take of Logwood 1 ounce. 

Water 2 pints. 

Boil to 1 pint, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 



Extr actum Haematoxyli (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Extract of Logwood. 

Take of Logwood 12 ounces. 

Water 8 pints. 

Boil to 4 pints, strain, and evaporate to dryness. 
Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

Mixtures of Logwood. 

Take of Decoction of logwood 5 drachms. 

Lime water 3 drachms. 

Mix. One dose. Brompton Consumption Hospital 

Take of Bicarbonate of potassium 20 grains. 

Tincture of opium 5 minims. 

Tincture of catechu 15 minims. 

Decoction of logwood to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Royal Free Hospital. 



Take of Extract of logwood 10 grains. 

Wine of opium 5 minims. 

Wine of ipecacuanha . 10 minims. 

Chalk mixture to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Guy's Hospital. 



204 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



HAMAMELIS (U. S.)— WITCH-HAZEL. 

The bark of the small branches of Hamainelis Virginica, L. (Nat. ord., 
Hamamelaceos), a shrub froin six to twelve or more feet high, common 
throughout the United States and Canada, growing in moist woods, and 
blooming late in the fall. 

Hamainelis possesses astringent properties of a valuable character, and 
which can scarcely be attributed solely to the comparatively small per- 
centage of tannin which it contains. Clinical experience has demonstrated 
its value in hemorrhage from the lungs, stomach, bowels, uterus, etc., and, 
used internally and topically, in hemorrhoids. 

Dose : ^ to 2 drachms. 

Decoction of Witch- Hazel. 

Take of Witch-hazel 1 ounce. 

Water 1 pint. 

Boil and strain. Dose : 2 to 4 ounces. N. 8. Davis. 

Fluid Extract of Witch-Hazel. 

Take of Witch-hazel 16 parts. 

Alcohol, 1 part — Glycerin, 1 part — Water, 4 

parts sufficient. 

Moisten the witch-hazel with six ounces of the menstruum, and pro- 
ceed according to the general formula, page 161. 

Report of Am. Ph. Ass'n. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

Most of the commercial extracts of witch-hazel are unreliable. This 
formula is believed to yield a product entitled to confidence. 

Injection of Witch-Hazel. 

Take of Tincture of witch-hazel 1 drachm. 

Water 1 pint. 

Mix. Use after stool, in hemorrhoids. 

Tincture of Witch-Hazel. 

Take of Witch-hazel, fresh 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol 2 parts. 

Macerate two weeks, express and filter. 
Dose : 5 to 30 minims. 

A tincture made in this manner by the author, has invariably yielded 
good results. 



: 



hops. 205 



HUMtJLTJS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— HOPS. 

The strobiles of Hamulus Lupulus, L. (Xat. ord., Zrticacece), an herba- 
ceous climbing vine, with a perennial root, indigenous to both the Old 
World and the Xew. 

Hops have a strong, aromatic odor, and an agreeable, bitter taste. The 
seeds are covered with yellowish glands, which are the active portion, and 
are termed lupulin (I/upulina). 

Hops are tonic and mildly narcotic. Internally they are employed to 
allay pain, to relieve restlessness, and to calm morbid excitement of the 
sexual organs. Topically, they are employed as a fomentation in painful 
swellings. 

For internal administration, lupulin is generally used. 

Dose : 20 to GO grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Infusum Humuli (U. S., Br.) — Infusion of Hops. 

Take of Hops £ ounce. 

Boding water 1 pint. 

Macerate for two hours, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Tinctura Humuli (II. S., Br.)— Tincture of Hops. 

Take of Hops 5 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 1 to 3 drachms. 

Extract of Hops (Br., Fr.). 

Take of Hops 1 pound. 

Rectified spirit 30 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Macerate the hops in the spirit for seven days, express, filter, and evap- 
orate to a soft extract. Boil the residual hops with the water for an hour, 
express, strain, and evaporate to a soft extract. Mix the two extracts, and 
evaporate below 140° to a proper consistence for making pills. 

Dose : 5 to 15 grains. 

Inhalations of Hops. 

Take of Dried carbonate of sodium 20 grains. 

Water at 140° 1 pint. 

Dissolve, and add of 

Extract of hops 1 drachm. 

The vapor to be inhaled. Sedative. G. M. Lefferts. 



206 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Hops 1£ ounce. 

Hot water 20 ounces. 

Mix. The vapor to be inhaled. 

JJronipton Consumption Hospital 



HYDRARGYRUM (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— MERCURY. 

A heavy metal which is fluid at ordinary temperatures, but crystallizes 
and becomes solid at 39°. It is slowly vaporized at the temperature of 
the air, but rapidly at its boiling-point, 662°. 

Mercury in the fluid, metallic state is nearly, or quite inert, but all of 
its compounds are active. Some of them are violent corrosive poisons, 
and all are more or less irritating. In small and repeated doses, all of 
them stimulate the secretory and excretory organs, and thus exert an alter- 
ative influence. By this increased activity of the glandular system, accu- 
mulations of liquids, swellings and indurations, often rapidly disappear. 
But carried too far, this influence is disorganizing and destructive, pro- 
ducing excessive salivation, swelling of the tongue and gums, loosening of 
the teeth, fetid breath, and a profound cachexia. 

The immediate effects of large doses of the various preparations of 
mercury differ greatly, some acting as purgatives, sedatives, etc., while 
others act as corrosive poisons. 

In its various forms, mercury is extensively employed as an alterative, 
especially in the many manifestations of syphilis. It is also used as a 
cholagogue, sialagogue, cathartic, etc., and for sedative effect. 

Few drugs have been so badly misused, while fewer yet are more valu- 
able if used with wise discrimination. 



PREPARATIONS. 
Hydrargyrum cum Greta (U. S., Br.) — Mercury with Chalk. 

Take of Mercury 3 ounces. 

Prepared chalk 5 ounces. 

Rub together until globules cease to be visible. 

Dose : 2 to 6 grains. 

This is an excellent preparation, and is especially valuable in diseases of 
children requiring the employment of mercury. 

According to Dr. Piffard, sugar of milk is a far better triturant for 
mercury than chalk ; and a preparation made with it instead of chalk is 
correspondingly more active. He examined many specimens of each 
microscopically, and invariably found the mercury in a much more finely 
divided state when sugar of milk had been employed, than when chalk 
was used. 



MERCURY. 207 

Emplastrum Hydrargyri (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Mercurial Plaster. 

Tate of Mercury 6 ounces. 

Olive oil, (by weight) 2 ounces. 

Resin 2 ounces. 

Lead plaster 12 ounces. 

Melt the oil and resin together, arid -when cool, add the mercury and 
rub till the globules disappear ; then add the plaster, previously melted, 
and mix. 

Pilulee Hydrargyri (U. S., Br., Fr.)— Pills of Mercury— Blue Pill. 

Take of Mercury 384 grains. 

Confection of rose 576 grains. 

Liquorice" root 192 grains. 

Rub the mercury with the confection until globules cease to be visible, 
add the liquorice root, beat into a mass, and divide into 384 pills. 

Dose : 1 to 5 pills. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs : mercury, 2 ounces ; confection of 
rose, 3 ounces ; liquorice root, 1 ounce, and leaves the mass undivided — a 
much better plan. 

Unguentum Hydrargyri (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Mercurial Ointment. 

Take of Mercury 24 ounces. 

Lard 12 ounces. 

Suet 12 ounces. 

Rub the mercury with 1 ounce of the suet and a small portion of lard, 
until the globules cease to be visible, then add the remainder of the lard 
and suet, and mix. 

Compound Ointment of Mercury (Br.). 

Take of Ointment of mercury 6 ounces. 

Yellow wax 3 ounces. 

Olive oil, (by weight) 3 ounces. 

Camphor 1J ounce. 

Melt the wax, add the oil, then, when nearly cold, add the camphor in 
powder, and the ointment of mercury. 

Pills op Mercury with Chalk. 
Take of Mercury with chalk 2£ grains. 

Dover's powder 2£ grains. 

Treacle sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 

Take of Mercury with chalk 2|- grains. 

Rhubarb 2£ grains. 

Treacle sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. St. Bartholomeiv's Hospital 



208 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Pill of Mercury with Iron. 

Take of Blue pill 2 grains. 

Dried sulphate of iron 1 grain. 

Make 1 pill. Dose : 3 to 6 daily. F. R. Sturgis. 

Pill of Mercury with Qutnia. 

Take of Blue pill 2 grains. 

Sulphate of quinia 1 grain. 

Make 1 pill. Dose : 3 to 6 daily. 

This, and the preceding have the advantage over blue pill of being not 
only tonic, but much more easily tolerated. F. R. Stnrgis. 

Compound Pills of Mercury. 

Take of Blue pill . . 1 grain. 

Compound extract of colocynth 4 grains. 

Make 1 pill. Samaritan Hospital. 

Take of Blue pill 1 grain. 

Extract of colocynth 2 grains. 

Extract of henbane 2 grains. 

Make 1 pill. Dose : 1 or 2 pills. St. Mary's Hospital. 

Take of Blue pill 2 grains. 

Dover's powder 3 grains. 

Make 1 pill. London Fever Hospital. 

Take of Blue pill 10 grains. 

Powdered aloes 20 grains. 

Besin of podophyllum 3 grains. 

Extract of henbane 10 grains. 

Extract of dandelion sufficient. 

Mix, and divide into 20 pills. Hospital Formulary. 

Triplex Pills. 

Take of Blue pill , 20 grains. 

Besin of scammony 20 grains. 

Powdered aloes 20 grains. 

Oil of caraway sufficient. 

Mix, and divide into 20 pills. Hospital Formulary. 

Compound Powders of Mercury with Chalk. 

Take of Mercury with chalk 2 grains. 

Subnitrate of bismuth 2 grains. 

Powder of rhubarb and soda 6 grains. 

Mix. One dose. Westminster Hospital. 



WHITE PRECIPITATE. 209 

Take of Mercury with chalk 2 grains. 

Susrar 2 grains. 

Powdered Belladonna leaves 1 grain. 

Mix. One dose. University College Hospital. 

Compound Mercurial Ointments. 

Take of Extract of belladonna 1 drachm. 

Mercurial ointment to 1 ounce. 

Mix. London Hospital. 

Take of Extract of conium 1 drachm. 

Mercurial ointment 1 ounce. 

Mix. Great Northern Hospital. 

Take of Mercurial ointment 1 ounce. 

Camphor 1 drachm. 

Proof spirit sufficient. 

Powder the camphor with a few drops of the f spirit, and mix it with 
the mercurial ointment. St. George's Hospital. 

Take of Mercurial ointment 2 ounces. 

Soap cerate plaster 2 ounces. 

Camphor -J ounce. 

Mix. London Hospital. 



HYDEAEGYEUM AMMONIATUM (IT. S., Br., Ger.)— AMMO- 
NIATED MEECUEY— WHITE PEECIPITATE. 

Take of Corrosive chloride of mercury 6 ounces. 

Water of ammonia 8 ounces. 

Distilled water 8 pints. 

Dissolve the chloride in the distilled water with the aid of heat, and, 
when cold, add the water of ammonia, frequently stirring, wash the pre- 
cipitate until the washings become nearly tasteless, and dry it. 

Ammoniated mercury is a white powder of a metallic taste, and insolu- 
ble in water. It is not used internally, but is employed topically in the 
form of an ointment in cutaneous affections. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Ungnentum Hydrargyri Ammoniati (XJ. S., Br., Ger.) — Ointment of 
Ammoniated Mercury — White Precipitate Ointment. 

Take of Ammoniated mercury 40 grains. 

Ointment 1 ounce. 

Mix. 

The British Pharmacopoeia employs 1 part of ammoniated mercury with 
7 of simple ointment, and the German Pharmacopoeia 1 with 9 of lard. 
U 



210 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Ammoniated mercury 4 parts. 

Thymol 1 part. 

Vaseline 45 parts. 

Mix. Use in squamous eczema of the scalp. G. H. Fox. 



Compound Ointment of Ammoniated Mercury. 

Take of Ammoniated mercury 40 grains. 

Oxide of zinc 40 grains. 

Eed oxide of mercury 5 grains. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

Mix. Middlesex Hospital. 



Take of Ammoniated mercury 6 grains. 

Sublimed sulphur 30 grains. 

Benzoated lard 1 ounce. 

Mi*- London Ophthalmic Hospital. 



Take of Ammoniated mercury 40 grains. 

Sublimed sulphur 1 ounce. 

Nitrate of potassium 1 drachm. 

Oil of lavender 4 minims. 

Prepared lard 1 ounce. 

Mix. "Itch Ointment." Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled. 



HYDRARGYRI CHLOKIDUM CORROSIVUM (U. S. et al. 
Ph.)— CORROSIVE CHLORIDE OF MERC CJRY— COR- 
ROSIVE SUBLIMATE— BICHLORIDE OF MERCURY. 

Take of Mercury 24 ounces. 

Sulphuric acid (by weight) 36 ounces. 

Chloride of sodium 18 ounces. 

Boil the mercury with the acid by means of a sand-bath until a dry, white 
mass is left. Rub this, when cold, with the chloride of sodium, then sub- 
lime with a gradually increasing heat. 

It occurs as a white, crystalline powder or mass, of a disagreeable, me- 
tallic taste, soluble in 2 parts of boiling, and in 16 of cold water, 3 of alco- 
hol, and 4 of ether. 

Taken in small doses it produces the constitutional effects of mercury ; 
in overdoses it is a violent corrosive poison. Locally, solutions are used 
in various cutaneous affections. 

Dose : -fa to ^ grain. 



CORROSIVE SUBLIMATE. 211 



PREPARATIONS. 



Compound Pills of Corrostve Sublimate (Fr.) — Dupuytren's Pills. 
Take of Corrosive sublimate 1 part. 

Extract of opium 2 parts. 

Extract of guaiac 4 parts. 

Make a mass, and divide into pills of 1 grain each. 

Solution of Corrosive Sublimate (Br.). 
Take of Corrosive sublimate 10 grains. 

Chloride of ammonium 10 grains. 

Distilled water 20 ounces. 

Dissolve. 

Dose : 4- to 2 drachms. 

Yellow Mercurial Lotion (Br.). 

Take of Corrosive sublimate 18 grains. 

Solution of lime 10 ounces. 

Mix. Commonly known as " yellow wash." Used as an application to 
indolent chancres, and other syphilitic ulcers. 

Lotions of Corrosive Sublimate. 

Take of Corrosive sublimate 2 to 4 grains. 

Alcohol 4 drachms. 

Chloride of ammonium 7} drachm. 

Hose water to 6 ounces. 

Mix. Use in scabies, phtheiriasis, and tinea versicolor. 

Tilbury Fox. 

Take of Corrosive sublimate 1 grain. 

Water 8 ounces. 

Dissolve. London Ophthalmic Hospital. 

Take of Corrosive sublimate . ■. 1 grain. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. British Skin Hospital. 

Take of Corrosive sublimate £ grain. 

Hydrocyanic acid 8 minims. 

Glycerin 2 drachms. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 

Take of Corrosive sublimate 1 grain. 

Rose water 2 ounces. 

Water 6 ounces. 

Mix. Apply every three hours. In purulent ophthalmia of infants. 

J. Lewis Smith. 



212 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Mixtures of Corrosive Sublimate. 

Take of Corrosive sublimate T ^ grain. 

Tincture of bark 60 minims. 

Tincture of rhubarb 30 minims. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Guy's Hospital. 

Take of Corrosive sublimate T \ grain. 

Iodide of potassium 3 grains. 

Infusion of quassia 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Great Northern Hospital. 

Take of Corrosive sublimate 2 grains. 

Iodide of potassium 2 drachms. 

Compound tincture of cinchona 3 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. 

Take of Corrosive sublimate \ grain. 

Iodide of potassium 1 drachm. 

Citrate of iron and ammonium 1 drachm. 

Syrup 6 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm three times a day, for a child three to five years 
old. In syphilis. J. Lewis Smith. 

Take of Corrosive sublimate 1 to 2 grains. 

Compound syrup of sarsaparilla 2 ounces. 

Water 8 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm three times a day. In syphilis of children. 

J. Lewis Smith. 



IIYDRARGYRI CHLORIDUM MITE (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— MILD 
CHLORIDE OF MERCURY— CALOMEL. 

Take of Mercury 48 ounces. 

Sulphuric acid (by weight) 36 ounces. 

Chloride of sodium 18 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Boil 24 ounces of mercury with the acid until a dry, white mass is left. 
Rub this, when cold, with the remainder of the mercury, add the chloride 
of sodium, and continue to triturate until the globules of mercury cease to 
be visible ; then sublime into a large chamber so that the sublimate ma}* 
fall in powder. Wash the sublimate with boiling distilled water until the 
washings are not precipitated by water of ammonia, and dry it. 

Calomel is a heavy, white powder, tasteless and insoluble. It is one of 



CALOMEL. 213 

the mildest and least irritating preparations of mercury, and is used as an 
alterative, a cathartic, a sedative, etc. Externally, it is used in powder and 
in the form of an ointment in cutaneous affections. 

Dose : T \ to 1 grain as an alterative ; 5 to 20 grains as a purgative 
{'20 to 60 grains for sedative effect — Learning). 

PREPARATIONS. 

Compound Calomel Pill (Br.). 

Take of Calomel 1 ounce. 

Sulphurated antimony 1 ounce. 

Guaiacum resin 2 ounces. 

Castor oil 1 ounce, or sufficient. 

Triturate the calomel with the antimony, then add the guaiac, and with 
the oil form a pilular mass. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 

Known as Plummers Pills. Used in chronic rheumatism and chronic 
cutaneous affections, especially when there is a syphilitic taint. See also 
Compound Pills of Antimony. 

Black Mercurial Lotion (Br., Fr.). 

Take of Calomel 30 grains. 

Solution of lime 10 ounces. 

Mix. Generally known as Black Wash, and used as an application to 
syphilitic ulcers. 

Calomel Ointment (Br.). 

Take of Calomel 80 grains. 

Prepared lard 1 ounce. 

Mix. 

Barber's Post-Partum Pills. 

Take of Calomel 3 drachms. 

Compound extract of colocynth 3 drachms. 

Extract of henbane 40 grains. 

Extract of nux vomica 20 grains. 

Aloes 20 grains. 

Ipecac 20 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 120 pills. 

Dose : 1 or 2 pills in the morning before breakfast, as a laxative for 
puerperal women. Hospital Formulary. 

White's Gout Pills. 

Take of Calomel 60 grains. 

Aloes 60 grains. 

Ipecac 60 grains. 

Acetic extract of colchicum 60 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 60 pills. 

Dose : 1 or 2 pills. Hospital Formulary. 



214 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Pells of Calomel and Colocynth. 

Take of Calomel 1 grain. 

Compound extract of colocynth 4 grains. 

Make 1 pill. King's College Hospital. 

Take of Calomel 1 grain. 

Extract of henbane 1 grain. 

Compound extract of colocynth 3 grains. 

Make 1 pill. London Ophthalmic Hospital. 

Pills of Calomel and Opium. 

Take of Calomel 2 grains. 

Extract of opium i grain. 

Treacle sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. London Chest Hospital. 

Take of Calomel 2 grains. 

Opium 1 grain. 

Confection of roses sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. Westminster Ophthalmic Hospital. 

Take of Calomel 1 grain. 

Dover's powder 4 grains. 

Mucilage sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. London Ophthalmic Hospital. 

Pills of Calomel and Scammony. 

Take of Calomel 1 grain. 

Scammony 3 grains. 

Treacle , . . sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 

Powders of Calomel and Jalap. 

Take of Calomel 1 part. 

Jalap 2 parts. 

Mix. Dose : 15 grains. St. Mary's Hospital. 

Take of Calomel 2 grains. 

Ginger 2 grains. 

Jalap 8 grains. 

Mix. St. Thomas's Hospital. 



CYANIDE OF MERCURY BINIODIDE OF MERCURY. 215 

Powders of Calomel and Tartar Emetic. 

Take of Caloiuel 2 grains. 

Tartar emetic -J- grain. 

Sugar , 3 grains. 

Mix. Place dry on the back of the tongue, and repeat every three hours 
until free catharsis. Useful in commencing tonsillitis to abort the inflam- 
mation. "Will also hasten suppuration when too far advanced to be 
aborted. J. B. Learning. 



IIYDRARGYRI CYANIDUM (IT. S., Fr.)— CYANIDE OF 

MERCURY 

Take of Ferrocyanide of potassium 5 ounces. 

Sulphuric acid 4 ounces and 120 grains. 

Red oxide of mercury sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Dissolve the ferrocyanide in 20 ounces of water, and add the solution to 
the acid previously diluted with 10 ounces of water, and contained in a 
glass retort. Distil nearly to dryness into a receiver containing 10 ounces 
of water and 3 ounces of red oxide of mercury. Set aside 2 ounces of the 
distillate, and to the remainder add sufficient red oxide to destroy the odor 
of hydrocyanic acid, filter, add the reserved liquid, and evaporate in a dark 
place, that crystals may form. Lastly, dry the crystals and preserve them 
in a well-stopped bottle, protected from the light. 

It is in colorless crystals, of a bitter, metallic taste, soluble in water, 
blackened by exposure to light, and very poisonous. Occasionally used in 
syphilis and skin diseases. 

Dose : ^ to -J grain. 



HYDRARGYRI IODIDUM RUBRUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— RED 
IODIDE OF MERCURY— BINIODIDE OF MERCURY. 

Take of Corrosive chloride of mercury 1 ounce. 

Iodide of potassium 600 grains. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the corrosive chloride in 1J pint, and the iodide in J pint of 
distilled water, and mix the solutions. Collect, wash, and dry the precipi- 
tate. 

It is a powder of a brilliant scarlet color, sparingly soluble in water, but 
freely soluble in solutions of iodide of potassium, chloride of sodium, etc. 

Used both externally and internally in syphilis. 

Dose -jig- to \ grain. 



216 MEDICAL FORMULAKY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Unguentum Hydrargyri Iodidi Rubri (U. S., Br.)— Ointment of Red 

Iodide of Mercury. 

Take of Red iodide of mercury 60 grains. 

Ointment 420 grains. 

Mix thoroughly. 

Used as a dressing for obstinate venereal ulcers. 

Mixtures of Red Iodide of Mercury. 

Take of Red iodide of mercury -}^ grain. 

Iodide of potassium 5 grains. 

Decoction of yellow bark 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Westminster Hospital. 

Take of Red iodide of mercury -J- grain. 

Iodide of potassium \ grain. 

"Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. British Skin Hospital. 

Take of Red iodide of mercury J grain. 

Iodide of potassium 2 drachms. 

Syrup of orange peel 1 ounce. 

Tincture of orange peel 1 drachm. 

Water to 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm after eating. Used in syphilis. 

E. L. Eeyes. 

Pills of Red Iodide of Mercury. 

Take of Red iodide of mercury 3 grains. 

Iodide of potassium 150 grains. 

Gum tragacanth sufficient. 

Glycerin sufficient. 

Mix, and divide into 50 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill. In syphilis. E. L. Keyes. 



HYDRARGYRI IODIDUM VIRIDE (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— GREEN 
IODIDE OF MERCURY— PROTIODIDE OF MERCURY. 

Take of Mercury 1 ounce. 

Iodine 300 grains. 

Stronger alcohol sufficient. 

Triturate the mercury and iodine with \ ounce of the alcohol until 
thoroughly mixed. Stir occasionally, and after two hours triturate again 
until nearly dry. Then rub with stronger alcohol into a thin paste, trans- 
fer to a filter, and wash with stronger alcohol until the washings cease 



NITKATE OF MERCURY. 217 

to produce permanent cloudiness when dropped into a large quantity of 
water. Lastly, dry in a dark place, and keep in a well-stopped bottle, pro- 
tected from light. 

It is a greenish-yellow powder, almost insoluble iu water and entirely 
so in alcohol and ether. Extensively employed in syphilis. 

Dose : J to 3 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Pills of Protiodide of Mercury and ©pium (Fr.). 

Take of Protiodide of mercury 5 parts. 

Extract of opium 2 parts. 

Confection of rose 10 parts. 

Powdered liquorice root sufficient. 

Mix the extract of opium and confection of rose, add the protiodide, 
and sufficient liquorice root to make a mass. Divide into pills of 3 grains 
each. 

Dose : 1 pill. 

An excellent preparation in secondary syphilis. The small quantity of 
opium used is generally sufficient to prevent gastro-intestinal irritation. 

Take of Protiodide of mercury \ grain. 

Powdered opium \ grain. 

Extract of gentian 2 grains. 

Make 1 pill. British Skin Hospital. 

Pills of Protiodide of Mercury and Henbane. 

Take of Protiodide of mercury 5 grains. 

Extract of henbane 20 grains. 

Powdered liquorice root sufficient. 

Mix, and divide into 20 pills. 
Dose : 1 or 2 pills. 



HYDEAEGYEI NITEAS (Fr.)— NTTEATE OF MEECUEY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Liquor Hydrargyri Nitratis (XJ. S. et al. Ph.) — Solution of Nitrate 

of Mercury. 

Take of Mercury 3 ounces. 

Nitric acid (by weight) 5 ounces. 

Distilled water 6 drachms. 

Dissolve the mercury, with the aid of a gentle heat, in the acid pre- 
viously mixed with the water. When reddish vapors cease to arise, evapo- 



218 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

rate to 7£ ounces, by weight, and keep in a well-stopped bottle. It may 
also be prepared thus : 

Take of Red oxide of mercury 26 drachms. 

Nitric acid (by weight) 29 drachms. 

Distilled water 6 drachms. 

Mix the acid and water, dissolve the oxide in the mixture, and evapo- 
rate to 7 J ounces, by weight. 

It is a transparent, nearly colorless liquid, having the sp. gr. 2,165, and 
possessing caustic properties. Used as a caustic, and, properly diluted, as 
a stimulating lotion for indolent ulcers, etc. 

Unguentum Hydrargyri Nitratis (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Ointment of Ni- 
trate of Mercury — Citrine Ointment. 

Take of Mercury 1J ounce. 

Nitric acid (by weight) 3^- ounces. 

Lard 16^ ounces. 

Dissolve the mercury in the acid, add the solution to the lard, heated 
to 200°, stir constantly with a wooden spatula so long as effervescence con- 
tinues, then occasionally until it cools. 

Ointment of Nitrate of Mercury with ZrNC 

Take of Ointment of nitrate of mercury 2 drachms. 

Ointment of oxide of zinc 2 ounces. 

Mix. Apply to the nostrils by means of a nasal sponge three times a 
day. In syphilitic coryza of infants. J. Lewis Smith. 



HYDRARGYRI OXIDUM FLAVUM (IT. S., Br.)— YELLOW 
OXIDE OF MERCURY. 

Take of Corrosive chloride of mercury 4 ounces. 

Solution of potassa (by weight) 17 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the chloride in 5 pints of distilled water, and mix with the 
solution of potassa. Allow it to settle, then decant, wash the precipitate 
with distilled water until the washings cease to be affected by a solution of 
nitrate of silver, dry it on bibulous paper, in the dark, and preserve in 
bottles protected from light. 

It is a heavy, yellowish powder, which becomes darker by exposure to 
light. Used externally in skin diseases, syphilitic ulcers, etc. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Unguentum Hydrargyri Oxidi Flavi (U. S.) — Ointment of Yellow 

Oxide of Mercury. 

Take of Yellow oxide of mercury 1 drachm. 

Ointment 7 drachms. 

Mix thoroughly. 



RED PRECIPITATE — TURPETH MINERAL. 219 

Oleate of Mekcuky. 

Take of Yellow oxide of mercury 10 parts. 

Purified oleic acid 90 parts. 

Add the oxide gradually to the acid, and triturate frequently until dis- 
solved. Report of Am. Ph. Ass'n. 



HYDRARGYRI OXIDUM RUBRUM (XL S. et al. Ph.)— KED 
OXIDE OF MERC URY— KED PRECIPITATE. 

Take of Mercury 36 ounces. 

Nitric acid (by weight) 24 ounces. 

Water „ 2 pints. 

Dissolve the mercury with the aid of a gentle heat, in the acid and 
water previously mixed, evaporate to dryness, rub into powder, and heat 
in a very shallow vessel until red vapors cease to arise. 

It is in bright, shining, red scales, which by trituration yield an orange- 
red powder. Used chiefly as a topical application in skin diseases, syphi- 
litic ulcers, etc. Occasionally employed internally. 

Dose : ^ to J grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Unguentum Hydrargyri Oxidi Rubri (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Ointment 
of Red Oxide of Mercury — Ointment of Red Precipitate. 

Take of Red oxide of mercury 1 drachm. 

Ointment 7 drachms. 

Mix thoroughly. 

Eye Ointments. 

No. 1, Red oxide of mercury, 1 part to lard 7 parts. 

No. 2, Red oxide of mercury, 1 part to lard 16 parts. 

No. 3, Red oxide of mercury, 1 part to lard 60 parts. 

University College Hospital. 



HYDRARGYRI SULPHAS PLAY A— (IT. S., Fr.)— YELLOW 
SULPP1ATE OF MERCURY— TURPETH MINERAL. 

Take of Mercury 4 ounces. 

Sulphuric acid (by weight) 6 ounces. 

Mix, and boil until a dry, white mass remains. Rub this to powder, 
throw it into boiling water, decant, wash the precipitate repeatedly with hot 
water, and dry it. 

Turpeth mineral is a heavy, bright yellow powder, of an acrid taste, and 
sparingly soluble in water. It is powerfully irritant and corrosive, but is oc- 



220 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

casionally employed as an alterative, and as an emetic, especially in croup. 
Its action as an emetic is, however, so extremely violent that most physi- 
cians discard it. 

Dose : J to \ grain, alterative ; 2 to 5 grains, emetic. 



IIYDRARGYRI SULPHURETUM RITBRUM (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— 
RED SULPIIURET OF MERCURY— YERMILION. 

Take of Mercury 40 ounces. 

Sublimed sulphur 8 ounces. 

To the sulphur, previously melted, gradually add the mercury, with 
constant stirring, and continue the heat until the mass begins to swell. 
Remove from the fire, cool, powder, and sublime. 

It is a bright scarlet powder, tasteless, and insoluble. Seldom used ex- 
cept as a fumigation. 



HYDRASTIS (IT. S.)— HYDRASTIS. 

The rhizome and rootlets of Hydrastis Canadensis, L. (Nat. ord., Ranun- 
culaceoe) a small, herbaceous perennial, indigenous to North America. 

Hydrastis has an intensely bitter taste, and possesses tonic and diuretic 
properties. Its medicinal effects are due to berberina, and a peculiar alka- 
loid termed hydrastia. It is used in atonic dyspepsia, intermittent fever, 
and catarrhal affections, especially those of the genito-urinary tract, etc. 

Dose : \ to 2 drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum Hydrastis Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Hydrastis. 

Take of Hydrastis 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 2 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix the glycerin with 14 ounces of alcohol, moisten the Irydrastis with 
4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general formula, page 
161. Finish the percolation with a menstruum of 2 parts of alcohol and 
1 part of water. 

Dose : \ to 2 drachms. 

Tincture of Hydrastis. 

Take of Hydrastis 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 5 parts. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. J. P. Remington, Report of Am. Ph. Ass'n. 



HYDRASTIS. 221 

< Lotion of Hydrastis. 

Take of Tincture of Hydrastis 1 to 2 drachms. 

Water 1 pint. 

Mix. "Used as an application to ulcers, haemorrhoids, sore nipples, etc., 
and as an injection in gonorrhoea Phillips. 

Hydrastia — Hydrastine, "White Alkaloid. 

To the mother liquor from which sulphate of berberine has been crys- 
tallized, add an equal bulk of water, and evaporate the alcohol. Permit 
the residuum to cool and stand twenty- four hours. Filter ; add to the fil- 
trate ammonia water until in excess. Wash the precipitate with water, 
dissolve in cold water acidulated with hydrochloric acid, and precipitate 
this with ammonia water. Collect, wash, and dry the precipitate. Purify 
by repeated solutions in boiling alcohol, and crystallization. 

It is in white crystals resembling strychnine, tasteless at first, but even- 
tually imparting an acrid sensation to the throat and fauces ; not bitter, as 
some authorities state it to be. Forms soluble salts which are, as a rule, 
uncrystallizable and are acrid to the taste. 

Dose : 1 to 3 grains. J. U. Lloyd. 

This, the true hydrastia, should be carefully distinguished from the fol- 
lowing, which is erroneously so called. 

Hydrochlorate of Berberine — Hydrochlorate of Hydrastlne — Muriate of 
Hydrastine — Hydrasttne. 

Take of Hydrastis 16 parts. 

Alcohol (sp. gr. 0.835) sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate until 16 parts of tincture are obtained, or 
the hydrastis is exhausted. To this, add 4 parts of distilled water, and 
evaporate the alcohol. Mix 12 parts of cold distilled water with the residue, 
and allow the mixture to stand, in a cool place for twenty-four hours, then 
filter it. Add to the filtrate hydrochloric acid until it ceases to produce a 
precipitate. Collect the precipitate, and purify it by solution in boiling 
water, and crystallization. Dry by exposure to the air. 

It is of a lemon-yellow color, soluble in about 500 parts of cold water 
almost insoluble in cold alcohol, insoluble in ether and in chloroform. 

Dose : 1 to 3 grains. J. U. Lloyd. 

This is the article originally employed by the eclectics under the name 
hydrastine. The term hydrastine alkaloid is applied to the yellow alkaloid 
of hydrastis, berberine. 

It may be substituted for quinia in cases of debility, in convalescence 
from acute diseases, and in various cachexia?, especially the paludal. " As 
a remedy for intermittents, it ranks next to quinia." — (Bartholow.) 



222 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Injection of Hydrastine. 

Take of Hydrastia (hydro chlorate of berberine) 1 drachm. 

Mucilage of gum arabic 4 ounces. 

Use in gonorrhoea after the acute symptoms have subsided, and in gleet. 

Bartholow. 



Powder of Hydrastine. 

Take of hydrastine (hydrochlorate of berberine) ...... ^ drachm. 

Camphor 10 grains. 

Subnitrate of bismuth 1-j- drachm. 

Sugar to 1 ounce. 

Mix. For insufflation into the larynx or nares. G. M. Lefferts. 

Take of Hydrastis Canadensis 5 grains. 

Indigo \ grain. 

Camphor 2 grains. 

Carbolic acid 2 grains. 

Chloride of sodium 1 drachm. 

Mix. "Catarrh snuff." G. M. Lefferts. 

Sulphate of Berberine — Sulphate of Hydrastine. 

To the alcoholic percolate, as obtained in the preceding process, add a 
considerable excess of sulphuric acid. After twenty-four hours, collect the 
ciwstalline precipitate, and purify it by dissolving in the minimum amount 
of boiling water, and crystallizing. If it is not free from sulphuric acid it 
will not dry. In this case, repeat the operation of dissolving in boiling 
water and cooling. Dry the salt by exposure to the air. 

It is in orange-yellow, crystalline tufts, quite soluble in cold water, and 
very soluble in boiling water. 

Dose : 1 to 3 grains. J. U. Lloyd. 



HYOSCYAMUS— HENBANE. 
HYOSCYAMI FOLIA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— HYOSCYAMUS 

LEAVES. 

HYOSCYAMI SEMEN (U. S. et al. Ph.)— HYOSCYAMUS 

SEED. 

The leaves and seeds of Hyoscyamus niger, L. (Nat. ord., Solanacece), an 
annual or biennial herb, indigenous to the Old World, but naturalized in 
this country. 

The fresh plant has a strong, offensive odor, and a disagreeable, slightly 
acrid taste. The seeds have something of the odor of the plant, and a bit- 



HENBANE HYOSCYAMUS LEAVES AND SEED. 223 

ter taste. The activity of henbane is due to an alkaloid termed hyos- 
cyamia. 

Henbane affects the system much like belladonna. It is a narcotic and 
anodyne, less powerful than opium, but producing its effects without con- 
stipating the bowels. It is used as an anodyne and hypnotic in a great 
variety of nervous and painful affections. 

Dose : of the leaves, o to 10 grains ; of the seeds, 3 to 8 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extr actum Hyoscyami (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Extract of Hyoscyamus. 

Take of hyoscyamus leaves, fresh 12 ounces. 

Bruise in a mortal', sprinkling with a little water, express the juice, heat 
to 212 ~, strain, and evaporate to a proper consistence. 

Dose : 2 to 3 grains. 

This is an unreliable preparation. The one following is much better. 



Extractum Hyoscyami Alcoholicum (U. S., Fr.) — Alcoholic Extract 

of Hyoscyamus. 

Take of Hyoscyamus leaves, recently dried 24 ounces. 

Alcohol 4 pints. 

Water 2 pints. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Mix the alcohol and water, percolate the powder with the mixture, con- 
tinuing the process with diluted alcohol until 6 pints are obtained, then 
evaporate on a water-bath to a proper consistence. 

Dose : 1 to 2 grains. 

Extractum Hyoscyami Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Hyoscy- 
amus. 

Take of Hyoscyamus leaves 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Water ; . sufficient. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Mix 12 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 1 of water, moisten the 
hyoscyamus with % pint of the mixture, and proceed according to the 
general formula, page 161. 

Dose : 5 to 20 minims. 

Tinetura Hyoscyami (U. S., Fr.) — Tincture of Hyoscyamus. 

Take of Hyoscyamus leaves 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 15 to 60 minims. 



224 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Extract of Hyoscyamus Seed (Fr.). 

Take of Hyoscyamus seed, in powder 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol 6 parts. 

Macerate, express, filter, then evaporate to dryness on a water-bath. 
Dissolve the product in four times its weight of cold distilled water, filter, 
and evaporate to a solid extract. 

Dose : | to 1 grain. 

Juice of Hyoscyamus (Br.). 

Take of Fresh leaves and young branches of hyoscyamus, at will. 

Rectified spirit sufficient. 

Bruise the hyoscyamus, press out the juice, and to every 3 measures of 
juice, add 1 of spirit. After seven days, filter. 
Dose : i to 1 drachm. 

Infused Oll of Hyoscyamus (Ger., Fr.). 

Take of Hyoscyamus leaves 2 parts. 

Alcohol 1 part. 

Olive oil 20 parts. 

Macerate the hyoscyamus in the alcohol for several hours, add the oil, 
digest until the alcohol is evaporated, express, and filter. 

Used as an embrocation. 

The French Codex directs 1 part of fresh leaves to be boiled in 2 parts 
of olive oil until the water of the plant is evaporated. 

Ointment of Hyoscyamus (Ger., Fr.). 

Take of Extract of hyoscyamus 1 part. 

Wax ointment 9 parts. 

Mix. 

Compound Pills of Hyoscyamus and Valerian (Fr.). 

Take of Alcoholic extract of hyoscyamus 1 part. 

Alcoholic extract of valerian 1 part. 

Oxide of zinc 1 part. 

Mix, and divide into pills of 2J grains each. 

Hyoscyamus Plaster (Ger.). 

Take of Yellow wax 4 parts. 

Turpentine 1 part. 

Olive oil 1 part. 

Hyoscyamus leaves, powdered 2 parts. 

Melt together the wax, turpentine, and oil, and when partially cool, stir 
in the hyoscyamus. 



BARLEY. 225 

Inhalation of Hyoscyamus. 

Take of Fluid extract of hyoscyanms 3 to 10 minims. 

Distilled water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Used by inhalation, in spasmodic croup. Da Costa. 

Take of Extract of hyoscyanms 5 to 10 grains. 

Water . 1 ounce. 

Mix. Used by means of an atomizer in conjunction with stimulating 
inhalations, when the latter are attended with pain or irritation. 

F. H Bosworth. 



Pills of Hyoscyamus and Camphor. 

Take of Extract of henbane 2-| grains. 

Camphor 2|- grains. 

Make 1 pill. Great Northern Hospital. 

Ptt.t. of Hyoscyamus and Dover's Powder. 

Take of Extract of henbane 2 grains. 

Dover's powders 2 grains. 

Make 1 pill St. Thoma* Hospital. 

Pill of Hyoscyamus, Squill and Ipecac. 

Take of Extract of henbane 2 grains. 

Compound squill pill , 2 grains. 

Ipecac i grain. 

Make 1 pill. London Hospital. 

Pills of Hyosc^mus and Iron. 

Take of Extract of hyoscyamus J drachm. 

Valerianate of iron 1 drachm. 

Mix, and divide in 40 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill thrice daily, in chorea. Beveil. 



HOKDEUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— BARLEY. 

The seed, deprived of their husks, of Hordeum distichon, L. (Nat. ord., 
Graminece), common barley, which is supposed to have been derived 
originally from Tartary, but is now cultivated in most countries. 

It is used in medicine, both as a demulcent and as a nutritive food of 
easy digestion. 
15 



226 MEDICAL FOKMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Decoetum Hordei (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Decoction of Barley. 

Take of Barley 2 ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Wash the barley, boil it with J pint of water for five minutes, pour 
off the water, and throw it away. Then pour on 4 pints of water, boil 
down to 2 pints, and strain. 



ICHTHYOCOLLA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— ISINGLASS. 

A gelatin prepared from the swimming bladders of the sturgeon (Aci- 
penser huso, L.), and of other fishes. 

It is emollient and nutritive, and is a useful addition to certain liquid 
foods for the sick. It forms the basis of court-plaster. 



IGNATIA (U. S., Fr.)— IGNATIA. 

The seed of Strychnos Ignatia, Lindley {Nat. ord., Loganiacece), a large 
climbing vine of the Philippine Islands, and of Cochin China where it 
has been introduced. It contains a large percentage of strychnia, and 
produces nearly the same medicinal effects as nux vomica. 

Dose : 1 to 3 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extr actum Ignatiae (U. S.)— Extract of Ignatia. 

Take of Ignatia, powdered • 12 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Obtain 3 pints of tincture by maceration and percolation. Distil off 
the alcohol until the tincture is reduced to J pint, then evaporate to a 
proper consistence. 

Dose : £ to 1-J- grain. 

Alkaline Tincture or Ignatia (Fr.). 

Take of Ignatia, powdered 500 parts. 

Carbonate of potassium 5 parts. 

Soot 1 part. 

Alcohol, 60f o 1000 parts. 

Macerate ten days, express and filter. 
Dose : 2 to 6 minims. 

A tincture of ignatia may be made by macerating 1 part of the powdered 
seed in 5 parts of diluted alcohol, for two weeks. 



STAR ANISE — ELECAMPANE. 227 



ILLICTUM (Fr.)— STAR ANISE. 

The fruit of Uliciuni anisatura, Loureiro (Nat. ord., Magnoliacece), a small 
tree indigenous to Southwestern China, but early introduced into Japan, 
and planted near the Buddhist temples. 

Though so widely differing, botanically, from the officinal anise, its 
properties are very similar. It is anodyne, stimulant, and carminative, 
and may be used with benefit in flatulent colic, indigestion, etc. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Star Anise Water (Ft.). 

Take of Anise 1 part. 

Water sufficient. 

Macerate two hours, and distil 4 parts. 
Used as a vehicle. 

Spirit of Star Anise (Fr.). 

Take of Star anise 1 part. 

Alcohol (80$) 8 parts. 

Macerate two days, and distil off the alcohol. 
Dose : ^ to 1 drachm. 



INULA (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— ELECAMPANE. 

The root of Inula Helenium, L. (Nat. ord., Compositce), a stout perennial, 
three to five feet high, introduced into this country from Europe, where it 
is indigenous. It is tonic, diuretic, diaphoretic, and expectorant, and has 
been used from remote antiquity in catarrhal affections of the mucous mem- 
branes. 

Dose : 20 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extract of Elecampane (Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Elecampane root 1 part. 

Cold distilled water sufficient. 

Exhaust the elecampane by maceration and percolation, heat the infu- 
sion to the boiling point, strain, and evaporate. 
Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 
The German preparation is an alcoholic extract. 



228 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Tincture of Elecampane (Fr.). 

Take of Elecampane root 1 part. 

Alcohol (60$) 6 parts. 

Macerate ten days, express and filter. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



IODINIUM (LT. S. et al. Ph.)— IODINE. 

A metalloid obtained from the ashes of sea- weed. It is found also in 
many marine animals, but not in sufficient quantities to make its extrac- 
tion from them practicable. It is in crystalline scales, of a bluish black 
color, a metallic lustre, and has a hot, acrid taste. It is very volatile, 
slightly soluble in water, but freely so in alcohol, ether, and glycerin. 

Iodine is a most valuable alterative and resolvent. It stimulates the 
absorbent and glandular systems to a remarkable degree, and is of great 
value in scrofulous and syphilitic affections. It is applied topically to 
glandular swellings, rheumatic and gouty joints, to the chest in phthisis, 
pleurisy, etc. 

It is seldom, if ever, administered in substance. 



PREPARATIONS. 
Liquor Iodinii Compositus (U. S., Br.) — Compound Solution of Iodine. 

Take of Iodine 360 grains. 

Iodide of potassium l-§- ounce. 

Distilled water 1 pint. 

Dissolve. 

Dose : 2 to 6 minims. 

Tinetura Iodinii (U. S., Fr., Ger.) — Tincture of Iodine. 

Take of Iodine 1 ounce. 

Alcohol 1 pint. 

Dissolve. 

Dose : 1 to 10 minims. Chiefly used externally. 

The French Codex and German Pharmacopoeia direct 1 part to 12, 
and 1 to 10, respectively. 

Tinetura Iodinii Composita (U. S.)— Compound Tincture of Iodine. 

Take of Iodine J ounce. 

Iodide of potassium 1 ounce. 

Alcohol 1 pint. 

Dissolve. 

Dose : 5 to 15 minims. Tincture of Iodine, Br. 



IODINE. 229 

Unguentum Iodinii (U. S.) — Iodine Ointment. 

Take of Iodine 20 grains. 

Iodide of potassium 4 grains. 

Water 6 minims. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

Rub the powders first with the water, then with the lard. 

Unguentum Iodinii Compositum (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Compound Iodine 

Ointment. 

Take of Iodine 15 grains. 

Iodide of potassium 30 grains. 

Water 30 minims. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

Rub the powders first with the water, then with the lard. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs : 16 grains each of iodine and iodide 
of potassium, 4- drachm of proof spirit, and 1 ounce of lard, and terms the 
preparation Ointment of Iodine. The French Codex directs the propor- 
tion of 1. 5, and 40, with sufficient water to dissolve the iodide. 

Colorless Tincture of Iodine (Ger.). 

Take of Iodine 10 parts. 

Hyposulphite of sodium 10 parts. 

Water 10 parts. 

Spirit of ammonia 16 parts. 

Alcohol . 75 parts. 

Digest the iodine and hyposulphite in the water until dissolved, then 
add the spirit of ammoDia, and lastly, the alcohol. After three days, filter. 

Used externally as a counter-irritant in cases where the color of the 
ordinary tincture is objectionable. 

Liniment of Iodine (Br.). 

Take of Iodine 1^ ounce. 

Iodide of potassium -^ ounce. 

Camphor £ ounce. 

Rectified spirit 10 ounces. 

Dissolve. 

Inhalation of Iodine (Br.). 

Take of Tincture of iodine 1 drachm. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix in a suitable apparatus, and, having applied a gentle heat, let the 
vapor that arises be inhaled. 

Take of Tincture of iodine 2 to 10 minims. 

Iodide of potassium 3 to 20 grains. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Stimulant application to the throat. Used by means of a spray ap- 
paratus. G. M. Lefferts. 



230 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Chukchill's Tinctuke of Iodine. 

Take of Iodine 2^ ounces. 

Iodide of potassium J ounce. 

Alcohol (75$) 16 ounces. 

Mix. 

Churchill's Iodl\ t e Caustic. 

Take of Iodine 1 drachm. 

Iodide of potassium 2 drachms. 

Water J ounce. 

Mix. 

Gargles of Iodine. 

Take of Tincture of Iodine 2 drachms. 

Water sufficient to 5 ounces. 

Mix. St. Thomas's Hospital. 

Take of Tincture of iodine -J drachm. 

Tincture of bark 1^ drachm. 

Water 4 ounces. 

Mix. St. Mary's Hospital. 

Hypodermic Injection of Iodine. 

Take of Iodine 40 grains. 

Absolute alcohol 1 ounce. 

Dose : 10 to 15 minims. London Throat Hospital. 

Liniments of Iodine and Belladonna. 

Take of Compound solution of iodine 1 ounce. 

Tincture of belladonna 1 ounce. 

Soap liniment 6 ounces. 

Mix. 

Take of Compound solution of iodine 1 ounce. 

Tincture of belladonna 1 ounce. 

Oil of cajuput 1 drachm. 

Soap liniment 6 ounces. 

Mix. 

This and the preceding are used in cases of interstitial effusion, as in 
synovitis, the inflammation having been subdued, and where little torpidity 
exists. Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled. 

Take of Compound solution of iodine 1 part. 

Glycerin 1 part. 

Mix. Apply by inunction. In strumous adenitis. J. Lewis Smith. 



IODOFORM. 231 

Mixtures of Iodine. 

Take of Tincture of iodine 3 minims. 

Water 1 ounce. 

!Mix. One dose. Women's Hospital, London. 

Take of Iodine -± grain. 

Iodide of potassium 3 grains. 

Compound tincture of lavender 30 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Guy's Hospital. 

Compound Iodine Plaster. 

Take of Iodine 2 drachms. 

Iodide of potassium 3 drachms. 

Lead plaster 16 ounces. 

Opium plaster 6 ounces. 

Mix. St. George's Hospital. 

Solutions of Iodine for the Throat. 

Take of Tincture of iodine 3 to 12 minims. 

Iodide of potassium 5 to 20 grains. 

Glycerin \ ounce. 

Water \ ounce. 

Mix. Stimulant application to the throat. Applied with the laryngeal 
brush. G. M. Lefferts. 

Take of Iodine 15 grains. 

Oil of sweet almonds 1 ounce. 

Mix. Used in the same manner as the preceding. G. M. Lefferts. 



IODOFOKMUM (U. S., Ger.)— IODOFORM. 

Iodoform is produced by the action of iodine upon alcohol in the pres- 
ence of an alkali. It occurs in small, yellow crystals, having a peculiar, 
penetrating odor, and a sweet taste. It is insoluble in water, but soluble 
in ether, chloroform, alcohol, and oils. 

It is stimulant, alterative, anaesthetic, and, in overdoses, poisonous. It 
is used internally in syphilis, gastralgia, neuralgia, gastric ulcer, etc. Ex- 
ternally it is applied to a great variety of ulcers and sores, frequently re- 
lieving pain and promoting the healing process. 

Dose : 1 to 3 grains. 



232 MEDICAL FORMULAE Y. 

Ointment of Iodoform. 

Take of Iodoform 1 part. 

Balsam of Peru 5 parts. 

Cosmoline 14 parts. 

Mix. A stimulating application to foul or indolent ulcerations. 

G. H. Fox. 

Take of Iodoform 1 drachm. 

Cerate 1 ounce. 

Mix. Apply twice a week ; also daily to the abdominal wall. For 
peri- and para-metritis. R. Tauszky. 

Pills of Iodoform. 

Take of Iodoform 2 grains. 

Sugar of milk 1 grain. 

Glycerin of tragacanth sufficient. 

Triturate the iodoform with the sugar to a fine powder, then with gly- 
cerin of tragacanth make 1 pill. 

Dose : 1 pill two or three times a day. London Throat Hospital. 

Take of Iodoform 20 grains. 

Corrosive sublimate 1 grain. 

Reduced iron 20 grains. 

Mix, and make 20 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three times a day. In constitutional syphilis. 

Bartholow. 

Take of Iodoform 20 grains. 

Extract of gentian sufficient. 

Mix, and divide into 20 pills. 
Dose : 1 pill three times a day. 

Powder of Iodoform and Camphor. 

Take of Iodoform 1 to 4 drachms. 

Powdered camphor '. . . 20 grains. 

Powdered gum arabic to 1 ounce. 

Mix. Used by insufflation into the larynx or nares. 

G. M. Lefferts. 

Powder of Iodoform and Tannic Aero. 

Take of Iodoform 1 part. 

Tannic acid 1 part. 

Mix. Used by insufflation into the larynx or nares. 

G. M. Lefferts. 



IPECACUANHA. 233 

Powder of Iodoform and Morphia. 

Take of Iodoform 1 ounce. 

Sulphate of morphia 10 to 20 grains. 

Mix. Used by insufflation into the larynx or nares. 
This, and the two preceding, are stimulating, alterative, and sedative. 

G. M. Lefferts. 



Powder of Iodoform and Calamine. 

Take of Iodoform 30 grains. 

Calamine 1 drachm. 

Starch to 1 ounce. 

Mix. University College Hospital. 



Solution of Iodoform. 

Take of Iodoform 1 part. 

Ether 4 to 10 parts. 

Dissolve. Painted over the surface of an ulcer, it acts as a protective, 
allays pain and promotes healing. 



Suppositories of Iodoform. 

Take of Iodoform 15 to 18 grains. 

Oil of theobroma 6 drachms. 

Rub the iodoform with a small portion of the oil, then add the remain- 
der, previously melted, and make 6 suppositories. 

Used in painful affections of the uterus, vagina, and rectum. 



IPECACUANHA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— IPECACUANHA. 

The root of Cephgelis Ipecacuanha, A. Eichard (Nat. ord., Bubiacece), a 
small shrub growing in South America. It owes its medicinal effects to an 
alkaloid, called emetia or emetina, which exists in it in combination with 
ipecacuanhic acid. 

Ipecacuanha is diaphoretic, emetic, expectorant, and purgative, these 
different effects depending chiefly upon the size of the dose employed. 
Moreover, it seems to have certain specific effects, notably in the case of 
dysentery, which are not well understood, or easily explained. 

Dose : -J- to 2 grains, diaphoretic and expectorant ; 15 to 30 grains, 
emetic. 



234 MEDICAL FORMULAKY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extraotum Ipecacuanha? Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Ipecac- 
uanha. 

Take of Ipecacuanha 16 ounces. 

Glycerin ^ pint. 

Stronger alcohol 1^ pint. 

Water 12 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol , sufficient. 

Mix the stronger alcohol and water, macerate the ipecacuanha in 18 
ounces of the mixture for four days, then percolate with the remainder, con- 
tinuing the process with diluted alcohol until 2 pints are obtained. Mix 
this with the glycerin, and evaporate below 140° to 1 pint. 

Dose : 1 to 30 minims. 



Pulvis Ipecacuanha? Compositus (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Compound Pow- 
der of Ipecacuanha — Dover's Powder. 

Take of Ipecacuanha, in powder 1 drachin. 

Opium, in powder 1 drachm. 

Sulphate of potassium ; 1 ounce. 

Rub together into a very fine powder. 

Dose : 5 to 15 grains. 

Dr. Piffard recommends the substitution of sugar of milk for sulphate 
of potassium in this preparation, thereby improving its taste without dimin- 
ishing its therapeutic value. 



Syrupus Ipecacuanha* (U. S., Fr., Ger.) — Syrup of Ipecacuanha. 

Take of Fluid extract of ipecacuanha 2 ounces. 

Syrup 30 ounces. 

Mix. 

Dose : 30 to 60 minims as an expectorant ; 4 to 8 drachms as an 
emetic. 



Troehisi Ipecacuanha? (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Troches of Ipecacuanha. 

Take of Ipecacuanha 120 grains. 

Tragacanth 120 grains. 

Arrow-root 2 ounces. 

Sugar 8 ounces. 

Syrup of orange peel sufficient. 

Rub the powders together, then with the syrup form a mass, to be 
divided into 480 troches. 
Dose : 1 or 2 troches. 



FLORENTINE ORRIS. 235 

Vinum Ipeeaeuanhae (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Wine of Ipecacuanha. 

Take of Fluid extract of ipecacuanha 2 ounces. 

Sherry wine 30 ounces. 

Mix and filter. 

Dose : 10 to 30 minims as an expectorant ; •§- to 1 ounce as an emetic. 

Very small doses — 1 to 5 drops — are sometimes used with excellent 

effect in allaying vomiting. 

Alcoholic Extract of Ipecacuanha (Fi\). 

Take of Ipecacuanha 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol 6 parts. 

Percolate the ipecacuanha with the alcohol, then distil off the alcohol, 
and evaporate to the consistence of a soft extract. 

Used by the French Codex in making the syrup of ipecacuanha. 

Tincture of Ipecacuanha (Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Ipecacuanha 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol 5 parts. 

Macerate ten days, express and filter. 

Dose : 5 to 20 minims as an expectorant ; 2 to 3 drachms as an emetic. 

Mixtures of Ipecacuanha. 

Take of Wine of ipecacuanha 15 minims. 

Tincture of squill 1\ minims. 

Tincture of opium 4 minims. 

Glycerin 18 minims. 

"Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. University College Hospital. 

Take of Wine of ipecacuanha 20 minims. 

Bicarbonate of sodium . . . . ' 10 grains. 

Spirit of nitrous ether 15 minims. 

Tincture of henbane 20 minims. 

Treacle 1 drachm. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Great Northern Hospital. 



IBIS FLOBENTINA (IT. S., Fr., Ger.)— FLORENTINE OEEIS. 

The rhizome of Iris Florentina, L. (Nat. ord., Iridacece) an herbaceous 
perennial indigenous to Southern Europe. 

It is seldom used in this country except as a dentifrice. 
Dose : 1 to 6 drachms. 



236 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

IRIS VERSICOLOR (XL S.)— BLUE FLAG. 

The rhizome of Iris versicolor, L. (Nat. ord,, Iridacea?), our common 
blue flag which grows in wet places and blooms in May and June. 

When fresh, the root has a slightly nauseous odor, and a bitter, acrid 
taste. It is emetic and cathartic, and in overdoses may produce great 
prostration. The fresh root, or a tincture made from it, has been found 
useful in sick headache. It should be administered in very small doses, in- 
sufficient to provoke vomiting. 

Dose : 5 to 15 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Tincture of Iris. 

Take of Iris versicolor, fresh 1 part. 

Alcohol 2 parts. 

Macerate one week, and filter. 
Dose : 5 to 30 minims. 

Oleoresin of Iris — Irises. 

Take of Iris versicolor, fresh 16 parts. 

Alcohol (sp. gr. 0.835) sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate until 16 parts of tincture are obtained. 
Evaporate this to a thick, syrupy consistence, pour into ten times its bulk 
of cold water, stir slightly, and allow the mixture to stand for twenty-four 
hours. Draw off the aqueous solution, transfer the oily precipitate to an 
evaporating basin, and evaporate on a water-bath, stirring well, until the 
water is expelled. 

It is an oily substance, liquid at ordinary temperatures, having the odor 
of fresh blue flag root, and a disagreeable, oily taste. 

Dose : 2 to 4 grains. J. U. Lloyd. 



JALAPA (L T . S. et al. Ph.)— JALAP. 

The tuber of Ipomsea Purga, Hayne (Nat. ord,, Convolvulacece), an her- 
baceous, perennial, twining vine, indigenous to the mountainous regions of 
Mexico. 

Jalap has a peculiar, coffee-like odor, a nauseous taste, and is an active, 
hydragogue cathartic. Its action is generally attended with some pain, and, 
in overdoses, it may produce dangerous hypercatharsis. 

It is used chiefly in dropsy, and as a revulsive in cerebral affections. 

Dose : 15 to 30 grains. 



JALAP. 237 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum Jalapae (tJ. S., Br.) — Extract of Jalap. 

Take of Jalap 12 ounces. 

Alcohol 4 pints. 

Water sufficient. 

Percolate the jalap with the alcohol, continuing the process with water 
until 4 pints are obtained ; then percolate with water until 6 pints of infu- 
sion are obtained. Evaporate the two liquids separately to the consistence 
of thin honey, then mix them, and evaporate to a proper consistence. 
Dose : 10 to 10 grains. 

Pulvis Jalapas Compositus (U. S. . Br. ) — Compound Powder of Jalap. 

Take of Jalap . . .- 1 ounce. 

Bitartrate of potassium 2 ounces. 

Bub together thoroughly. 

Dose : -J to 1 drachm. Aji excellent hydragogue cathartic. 



Resina Jalapae (U. S. et al. Ph. )— Besin of Jalap. 

Take of Jalap 16 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Macerate the jalap in 16 ounces of alcohol for four days, then percolate 
until 24 ounces are obtained. Beduce this to 6 ounces by distilling off 
the alcohol, and mix it with 7 pints of water. Decant the supernatant 
liquid, wash the precipitate, and dry it with a gentle heat. 
Dose : 2 to 5 grains. 

Tinctura Jalapae (IT. S., Br., Fr.) — Tincture of Jalap. 

Take of Jalap 6 ounces. 

Alcohol, 2 parts — Water, 1 part sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : | to 2 drachms. 

Compound Tincture of Jalap (Fr.). 
Take of Jalap 8 parts. 

Turpeth 1 part. 

Scammony 2 parts. 

Alcohol (60£) 96 parts. 

Macerate ten days, and filter. 
Dose : \ to 2 drachms. 

Jalap Soap (Ger.). 

Take of Besin of jalap 4 parts. 

Soap 4 parts. 

Diluted alcohol 8 parts. 

Dissolve, and evaporate on a water-bath until the whole weighs 9 parts. 
Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 



938 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Jalap Pells (Ger.). 

Take of Jalap soap ' 3 parts. 

Jalap root, powdered 1 part. 

Beat into a mass, and divide into pills of 1J grain each. 
Dose : 3 to 6 pills. 

Confection of Jalap. 

Take of Powdered jalap J ounce. 

Powdered senna 2 ounces. 

Ginger 60 grains. 

Treacle 8 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. St. George's Hospital. 

Confection of Jalap and Sulphur. 

Take of Confection of jalap 5 ounces. 

Precipitated sulphur 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. St. George's Hospital. 

Powder of Jalap and Scammony. 

Take of Jalap 3 grains. 

Scammony 7 grains. 

Mix. One dose. Westminster Ophthalmic Hospital. 



JUGLANS (IT. S.)— BUTTERNUT. 

The inner bark of Juglans cinerea, L. (Nat. ord., Juglandacece), our 
common butternut. It possesses mild cathartic properties, resembling 
those of rhubarb, and is well suited to cases of habitual constipation. 

Dose : ^ to 1 drachm. 

PREPARATION. 
Extr actum Juglandis (U. S.) — Extract of Butternut. 

Take of Butternut 12 ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Exhaust the butternut by percolation with water, boil the infusion to 
three-fourths of its bulk, strain, and evaporate on a water- bath to a proper 
consistence. 

Dose : 4 to 30 grains. 



JUNIPERUS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— JUNIPER. 

The fruit of Juniperus communis, L. (Nat. ord., Coniferce), a common 
evergreen shrub, often growing with Juniperus Virginiana, L. (Bed cedar), 
from which it may be distinguished by having its leaves in threes, with a 
slender prickly point, while the latter has scale-shaped leaves. 



KAMEELA KAMALA. 239 

Juniper berries have a sweetish, terebinthinate taste, aud possess 
diuretic properties. Used in urinary diseases. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Infusum Juniperi (U. S.) — Infusion of Juniper. 

Take of Juniper, bruised 1 ounce. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Macerate for an hour, and strain. 
Dose : 2 to 3 ounces. 

Oleum Juniperi (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Oil of Juniper. 
The oil obtained from juniper by distillation. 
Dose : 5 to 10 minims. 

Spiritus Juniperi (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Spirit of Juniper. 

Take of Oil of juniper 1 ounce. 

Stronger alcohol 3 pints. 

Dissolve. 

Dose : £• to 1 drachm. 

Spiritus Juniperi Compositus (U. S.) — Compound Spirit of Juniper. 

Take of Oil of juniper 1£ drachm. 

Oil of caraway 10 minims. 

Oil of fennel 10 minims. 

Alcohol 5 pints. 

Water 3 pints. 

Dissolve the oils in the alcohol, add the water, and mix. 
Dose : 2 to 4 drachms. 

Extract of Juniper (Ger., Fr.). 

Take of Juniper berries 1 part. 

Hot water 4 parts. 

Infuse, strain, and evaporate to a thin extract. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



EOTTLEHA (U. S., Br., Ger.)— KAMEEL A— KAMALA. 

The glandular powder and hairs obtained from the fruit of Kottlera 
tinctoria, Boxb. {Nat. ord., Euphorbiacece) , a shrub or small tree indigenous 
to Abyssinia and Southern Arabia. 

Kameela is used almost exclusively for the expulsion of tape-worm. 

Dose : 1 to 3 drachms. 



240 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



PREPARATION. 



Tincture of Kameela. 

Take of Kameela 3 ounces. 

Alcohol 10 ounces. 

Digest, and filter. 

Dose 3 to 8 drachms. Anderson. 



KINO (U. S. et al. Ph.)— KINO. 

The inspissated juice of Pterocarpus Marsupium, Roxb. (Nat. ord., Le- 
guminosae), a tree indigenous to the Indian Peninsula and Ceylon. 

Kino occurs in small, angular pieces, of a blackish-red color, and an as- 
tringent taste. Employed internally as an astringent in diarrhoea and 
dysentery, and topically in leucorrhcea, etc. 

Several other varieties of kino occur in market, the products of as many 
different species of trees. All are astringents, and are used for the same 
purposes as the East Indian drug. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

Tinctura Kino (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Tincture of Kino. 

Take of Kino 360 grains. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 2 measures of alcohol with 1 of water, and percolate the kino, 
previously mixed with an equal bulk of dry sand, with the mixture, until £ 
pint of tincture is obtained. 

Dose : ^ to 2 drachms. 



Compound Powder of Kino (Br.). 

Take of Kino 3f ounces. 

Opium \ ounce. 

Cinnamon 1 ounce. 



Mix. Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 

Infusion of Kino. 

Take of Kino 2 drachms. 

Boiling water 8 ounces. 

Infuse and strain. 

Dose : 1 ounce. Wood. 

Used as an injection in leucorrhcea and gleet, and as a gargle in various 
forms of sore throat. 



RHATANY. 241 

Tboches of Kino. 

Take of Kino 700 gTaius. 

Tragacanth 70 grains. 

Refined sugar 280 grains. 

Red currant paste sufficient. 

}Iix the powders, then add the paste, and divide into 350 troches of 20 
grains each. Mackenzie. 



KJRAMEEIA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— RHATANY. 

The root of Krameria triandra, Ruiz et Pav. {Nat. ord., Polygalacece), a 
small shrub indigenous to Peru. 

Krameria has a very astringent, and slightly bitter taste. It is some- 
what tonic, and powerfully astringent. Used in diarrhoea, dysentery, hem- 
orrhages, etc. 

Dose : 10 to 40 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extr actum Krameriae (IT. S. et al. Ph.) — Extract of Rhatany. 

Take of Rhatany 12 ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Exhaust the rhatany by percolation with water, heat the infusion to the 
boiling point, strain, and evaporate, at a temperature not exceeding 160°, to 
a proper consistence. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 






Extraetum Krameriae Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Rhatany. 

Take of Rhatany 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 



Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the 
rhatany with 4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161. Finish the percolation with diluted alcohol, reserve 14 
ounces, and add 1 ounce of glycerin to the remainder, before evaporation. 

Dose : 10 to 40 minims. 

Infusum Krameriae (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Infusion of Rhatany. 

Take of Rhatany 1 ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 1 pint. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. . Often used as a gargle in sore throat. 
16 



242 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Syrupus Krameriae (U. S., Fr.) — Syrup of Rhatany. 

Take of Rhatany 12 ounces. 

Sugar 30 ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Obtain 4 pints of infusion by percolation with water, and evaporate it on 
a water-bath to 17 ounces ; then add the sugar, dissolve, and strain while 
hot. Or, mix 12 ounces of fluid extract of rhatany with 24 ounces of syrup. 

Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 

Tinotura Krameriae (U. S. et al. Ph. ) — Tincture of Rhatany. 

Take of Rhatany 6 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 

Dose : £ to 2 drachms. 

Suppositories of Extract of Rhatany (Fr.). 

Take of Extract of rhatany 1 part. 

Oil of theobroma 4 parts. 

Melt the oil, and when cooling add the extract, mix thoroughly, and 
pour into moulds having the capacity of 1 drachm each. 
Used in fissure of the anus, etc. 

Injection of Rhatany. 

Take of Extract of rhatany 1 to 2 drachms. 

Tincture of rhatany 1 drachm. 

Water 5 ounces. 

Mix, Used in fissure of the anus. Trousseau. 

Mixture of Rhatany. 

Take of Tincture of rhatany 1 drachm. 

Tincture of opium 6 drops. 

Bicarbonate of sodium 20 grains. 

Syrup of ginger 7 drachms. 

Water 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm two or three times a day, for children one or 
two years old. In diarrhoea. Meigs and Pepper. 

Troches of Rhatany. 

Take of Extract of rhatany 1,050 grains. 

Tragacanth 70 grains. 

Refined sugar 280 grains. 

Red currant paste sufficient. 

Mix the powders, add the paste, and divide into 350 troches, each 
containing 3 grains of extract of rhatany. Mackenzie. 



LACTUCARIUM. 243 



LACTTJCABIUM (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— LACTUCARIUM. 

The concrete juice of garden lettuce, Lactuca sativa, L., Lactuca virosa, 
L, and other species of Lactuca (Xaf. ord., Compositce). 

Lactucariuin has an unpleasant, opium-like odor, and a very bitter taste. 
It possesses some of the anodyne and soporific properties of opium, but 
does not produce such unpleasant after-effects. It is, however, an unre- 
liable drug, and should not be substituted for opium except when the lat- 
ter disagrees. 

Dose : 8 to 20 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Syrapus Laetuearii (U. S.) — Syrup of Lactucarium. 

Take of Lactucariuin 1 ounce. 

Syrup 14 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

** 

Rub the lactucarium with enough diluted alcohol to bring it to a syrupy 

consistence, then percolate with more until £ pint of tincture is obtained. 
Evaporate, at or below 160°, to 2 ounces, mix with the syrup previously 
heated, and strain while hot. 

Dose : 2 to 3 drachms. 

In this connection may be considered 

Extract of Lettuce (Br., Fr., Ger.). 

Take of flowering herb of lettuce, a convenient quantity. 

Bruise, express the juice, heat to 130°, and separate the green coloring 
matter by a calico filter. Heat the strained liquid to 200°, filter, evapo- 
rate to the consistence of thin syrup, add the coloring matter previously 
separated, continue the evaporation, at or below 140°, to a proper con- 
sistence for forming pills. 

Dose : 5 to 15 grains. 

Considered inferior to lactucarium, though there is not very much dif- 
ference between them. 

Syrup of Extract of Lettuce (Fr.). 

Take of Extract of lettuce 2 parts. 

Syrup 98 parts. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the extract in 8 times its weight of water, filter, mix with 
the syrup, and evaporate to the sp. gr. 1.26. 



244 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Water of Lettuce (Fr.). 

Take of Flowering herb of lettuce 1 part. 

Water 2 parts. 

Distil 1 part. 

Pills of Lettuce and Henbane. 

Take of Extract of lettuce 2 grains. 

Extract of henbane 2 grains. 

Make 1 pill. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 



LAVANDULA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— LAVENDER. 

The flowers of Lavandula vera, DC. (Nat. ord., Labiatce), a small shrub 
indigenous to Southern Europe, but cultivated in many temperate regions. 

Lavender has a strong, agreeable odor, and an aromatic, bitterish taste. 
It is much used as a stimulant in hvsteiical and other nervous affections. 



PREPARATIONS. 
Oleum Lavandulae (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Oil of Lavender. 
The oil obtained from lavender by distillation. 
Dose : 1 to 5 minims. 

Spiritus Lavandulae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Spirit of Lavender. 

Take of Oil of lavender 1 ounce. 

Stronger alcohol 3 pints. 

Dissolve. 

Dose : |- to 1 drachm. 

The French and German preparations are prepared by distillation. 

Spiritus Lavandulae Compositus (U. S., Br.)— Compound Spirit of 

Lavender. 

Take of Oil of lavender 1 ounce. 

Oil of rosemary 2 drachms. 

Cinnamon , . 2 ounces. 

Cloves J ounce. 

Nutmeg 1 ounce. 

Red saunders 6 drachms. 

Alcohol 6 pints. 

Water 2 pints. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Dissolve the oils in the alcohol, and add the water. Mix the powders, 
and percolate them with the alcoholic solution, continuing the process with 
diluted alcohol until 8 pints are obtained. 

Dose : 10 to 60 minims. 

Compound Tincture of Lavender, Br. 



LEPTANDRA LEMON. 245 



LEPTANDEA (U. S.)— LEPTANDEA. 

The rhizome and rootlets of Veronica Yirginica, L. (Leptandra Virginica, 
Xutt., Nat. ord.. Scrophulariacece), a tall, herbaceous perennial indigenous to 
North America, growing in rich woodlands. 

Leptandra is an excellent cholagogue cathartic. Its effects are due to 
a peculiar principle, termed leptandrin, which, however, is not as yet sepa- 
rated in sufficient quantities to be of commercial importance. The leptan- 
drin of the shops is a resinoid substance precipitated from a concentrated 
tincture of leptandra. 

Dose : J to 1 drachm. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Fluid Extract of Leptandra. 

Take of Leptandra 16 parts. 

Diluted alcohol, 5 parts — glycerin, 1 part sufficient. 

Prepare according to the general formula, page 161. 

This is the menstruum proposed in the Report of the Am. Ph. Ass'n. 

Dose : ^ to 1 drachm. 

Resin of Leptandra — Leptandrin. 

Take of Leptandra 16 parts. 

Alcohol (sp. gr. 0.835) sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate until 16 parts of tincture are obtained. 
Evaporate this to a thick, syrupy consistence, pour into ten times its bulk 
of cold water, stir well, and allow the mixture to stand for twenty-four 
hours. Then decant the supernatant liquid, wash the precipitate with hot 
water, and permit it to cool. Then transfer to an evaporating basin, and 
evaporate almost to dryness on a water-bath. Crush the mass in a mortar, 
expose it to the air until perfectly dry, then powder it. 

A dark, almost black powder having the odor of Leptandra. As above 
made it is almost tasteless, but the commercial article is usually bitter, 
owing to the presence of extractive matters. 1 

Dose : 2 to 5 grains. 



LIMON— LEMON. 

LIMONIS COETEX (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— LEMON PEEL. 

LIMONIS SUCCUS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— LEMON JUICE. 

The fruit of Citrus limonum, Eisso (Nat. ord., Aurantiacece), a tree 
cultivated in many subtropical countries. The lemons of commerce come 
chiefly from the Mediterranean coast. 

1 For remarks upon commercial leptandrin, see article by J. IT. Lloyd, in Proceed- 
ings of Am. Phar. Ass'n, 1880. 



246 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

All parts of the lemon are used medicinally. The rind has a fragrant 
odor, a bitter, aromatic taste, and is used as a flavoring agent. The juice 
abounds in citric acid, and is used in preparing cooling and refreshing 
drinks. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Oleum Limonis (XJ. S. et al. Ph.) — Oil of Lemon. 
The volatile oil obtained from lemon peel. 
Used for flavoring. 

Spiritus Limonis (U. S., Fr.) — Spirit of Lemon. 

Take of Oil of lemon 2 ounces. 

Lemon peel (freshly grated) 1 ounce. 

Stronger alcohol 2 pints. 

Dissolve the oil in the alcohol, add the peel, macerate for twenty-four 
hours, and filter. 

Used for flavoring. 

The French preparation is made by distillation. 

Syrupus Limonis (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Syrup of Lemon. 

Take of Lemon juice 1 pint. 

Sugar 48 ounces. 

Water 1 pint. 

Mix the lemon juice and water, add the sugar, dissolve with a gentle 
heat, and strain while hot. 
Used as a vehicle. 
The British Pharmacopoeia adds also lemon peel. 

Tincture of Lemon Peel (Br., Fr.). 

Take of Fresh lemon peel 2|- ounces. 

Proof spirit 20 ounces. 

Macerate seven days, express, filter, and add sufficient proof spirit to 
make 20 ounces. 

Dose : -J- to 2 drachms. Used chiefly for flavoring. 

The French Codex directs : lemon peel, 1 part ; alcohol (80^), 2 parts. 



LINUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— FLAXSEED— LINSEED. 

The seed of Linum usitatissimum, L. {Nat. ord., Linacece), common flax, 
a plant which has been cultivated from the remotest antiquity. 

Flaxseed is an excellent demulcent, and is largely used in febrile and 
inflammatory affections. It also possesses important nutrient properties, 
and has been used as a substitute for cod-liver oil. It is employed exter- 
nally as an emollient. 



LITHIUM BENZOATE OF LITHIUM. 247 

PREPARATIONS. 

Infusum Lini Compositum (U. S., Br.)— Compound Infusion of Flaxseed. 

Take of Flaxseed £ ounce. 

Liquorice root 2 drachms. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Macerate two hours, and strain. 

May be used ad libitum as a drink in febrile affections. 

Lini Farina (II. S. et al. Ph.)— Flaxseed Meal. 

The meal prepared by grinding flaxseed. The British and German 
Pharmacopoeias employ the meal from which the oil has been expressed, 
while the United States Pharmacopoeia and French Codex direct the freshly 
ground seed. Used in poultices. 

Oleum Lini (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Flaxseed Oil— Linseed Oil. 
The fixed oil obtained by expression from ground flaxseed. 
Dose : ^ to 2 ounces. Chiefly used externally. 

SULPHUKATED FLAXSEED OlL (Ger.). 

Take of Flaxseed Oil 6 parts. 

Sublimed sulphur 1 part. 

Boil them, stirring constantly, until they have united into a homogene- 
ous mass. 

Ltnseed Poultice (Br.). 

Take of Linseed meal 4 ounces. 

Olive oil ^ ounce. 

Boiling water 10 ounces. 

]\Iix the meal gradually with the water, then add the oil, with constant" 
stirring. 



LITHIUM— LITHIUM. 



A very rare metal found in combination in a few minerals, as spodumene 
and lepidolite, and in some mineral waters. Its protoxide, lithia, is a 
powerful alkali like potassa or soda, though less soluble. 

The salts of lithium are chiefly employed as alkaline diuretics in gout, 
rheumatism, etc. 



LITHII BENZOAS— BENZOATE OF LITHIUM. 

Prepared by adding benzoic acid to a solution of carbonate of lithium, 
and evaporating to dryness. 
Dose : 2 to 5 grains. 



248 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



LITHII BROMIDUM— BROMIDE OF LITHIUM. 

Prepared by adding carbonate of lithium to hydrobromic acid, and 
evaporating. It is a very deliquescent salt. 

It produces the general effects of the bromides, and is, by some physi- 
cians, esteemed most highly of them all. Used in epilepsy and other ner- 
vous affections, and in rheumatism. 

Dose : 1 to 3 grains. 

Mixture of Bromide of Lithium. 

Take of Bromide of lithium 3 drachms. 

Syrup of ginger % ounce. 

Water 1^ ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm three times a day, in rheumatism, when the 
smaller joints are swollen and tender after the subsidence of acute symp- 
toms. Bartholow. 



LITHII CARBONAS (IT. S., Br., Ger.)— CARBONATE OF 

LITHIUM. 

Obtained chiefly from the mineral lepidolite. It is a white powder, 
sparingly soluble in water, and of a feeble, alkaline reaction. 
Dose : 2 to 6 grains. 

PREPARATION. 

Effervescing Solution of Lithium (Br.). 

Take of Carbonate of lithium 10 grains. 

Water 20 ounces. 

Dissolve, and, by means of a suitable apparatus, impregnate the solu- 
tion with carbonic acid gas. 
Dose : 5 to 10 ounces. 

Mixture of Carbonate of Lithium. 

Take of Carbonate of lithium 1 drachm. 

Citric acid 2 drachms. 

Water 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every four hours. Bartholow. 



CITRATE OF LITHIUM LOBELIA. 249 



LITHII CITBAS (U. S., Br.)— CITRATE OF LITHIUM. 

Take of Carbonate of lithium 100 grains. 

Citric acid, in crystals 200 grains. 

Distilled water ,. 2 ounces. 

Dissolve the acid in the water, add the carbonate, and evaporate to dry- 
ness. 

Dose : 2 to 6 grains. 



LOBELIA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— LOBELIA. 

The leaves and tops of Lobelia inflata, L. (Nat. ord., Lobeliacece), a small 
annual indigenous to North America, growing abundantly in dry pastures 
and by roadsides. 

Lobelia has an unpleasant odor, and an acrid, nauseous taste. It pro- 
duces effects analogous to those of tobacco, and is used in small doses as a 
diuretic, diaphoretic, and sedative. In large doses it acts as a violent emetic, 
and may produce fatal prostration. It is employed chiefly in chest affec- 
tions, especially those of a spasmodic character, as asthma, etc. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Acetum Lobeliae (U. S.) — Vinegar of Lobelia. 

Take of Lobelia 4 ounces. 

Diluted acetic acid sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 10 to 60 minims. 

Tineturae Lobeliae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Tincture of Lobelia. 

Take of Lobelia 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 10 to 60 minims. 

Ethereal Tincture of Lobelia (Br.). 

Take of Lobelia 2£ ounces. 

Spirit of ether 20 ounces. 

Macerate seven days, express, filter, and add sufficient menstruum to 
make 20 ounces. 

Dose : 10 to 30 minims. 



250 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Mixtures of Lobelia. 

Take of Tincture of lobelia 1 ounce. 

Iodide of ammonium 2 drachms. 

Bromide of ammonium 3 drachms. 

Syrup of tolu 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every one, two, three, or four hours, in the par- 
oxysm of asthma. Bartholow. 

Take of Tincture of lobelia 1 ounce. 

Tincture of hyoscyamus 1 ounce. 

Compound spirit of ether 1 ounce. 

Syrup of tolu 1 ounce. 

Mix. 1 drachm every half-hour during the paroxysm of asthma, after- 
ward at longer intervals. Da Costa. 

Take of Ethereal mixture of lobelia 2 drachms. 

Mixture of chloride of iron. 1\ drachms. 

Camphor water 4 ounces. 

M. Dose : \ ounce three times a day, in emphysema. Chambers. 

Take of Ethereal tincture of lobelia 15 minims. 

Camphor water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Hospital. 



LLTPLTLIKA (U. S., Ger.)— LUPULIN. 

The yellow powder separated from the strobiles of Humulus Lupulus, L. 
Dose : 5 to 10 grains. See Hops. 



PREPARATIONS. 
Extraetum Lupulinse Fluidum (U. S. ) — Fluid Extract of Lupulin. 

Take of Lupulin 16 ounces. 

Stronger alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the lupulin with 6 ounces of the stronger alcohol, and proceed 
according to the general formula, page 161. 
Dose : 10 to 30 minims. 

Oleoresina Lupulinae (U. S.)— Oleoresin of Lupulin. 

i 

Take of Lupulin 12 ounces. 

Ether sufficient. 

Obtain 20 ounces of tincture by percolation, distil off the greater por- 
tion of the ether, and allow the remainder to evaporate spontaneously. 
Dose : 2 to 5 grains. 



LYCOPODIUM CALCINED MAGNESIA. 251 

Tinctura Lupulinae (U. S.) — Tincture of Lupulin. 

Take of Lupulin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : § to 2 drachms. 

INIixTrRE or Lupulin and Capsicum. 

Take of Fluid extract of lupulin 1 ounce. 

Tincture of capsicum 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 or 2 drachms when necessary, as a substitute for alco- 
holic stimulants, and when delirium tremens is threatened. Bartholow. 



LTCOPODIUM (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— LYCOPODIUM. 

The sporules of Lyeopodimn clavatum, L., and of other species of Ly- 
copodium (Nat. ord., Lycopodiacece), the common club-moss of this country 
and Europe. 

Lycopodium is a tine powder, odorless and tasteless. It is used as a 
protective coating in intertrigo, eczema, and other cutaneous affections ; as 
a diluent of medicinal powders, etc. 






MAGNESIUM— MAGNESIUM. 

Magnesium, though not employed medicinally in the metallic form, 
furnishes several compounds which are largely used. Its protoxide, mag- 
nesia, is a mild alkali, as is also the carbonate, while the citrate and sul- 
phate are extensively used as cathartics. 



MAGNESIA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CALCINED MAGNESIA. 

Take of carbonate of magnesium, at will. 

Expose it in an earthen crucible to a red heat for two hours, or until 
the carbonic acid is expelled. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains, as an antacid. In larger doses it is mildly laxa- 
tive. 

PREPARATION. 

Troehisi Magnesiae (U. S., Fr., Ger.) — Troches of Magnesia. 

Take of Magnesia 3 ounces. 

Nutmeg 60 grains. 

Sugar 9 ounces. 

Mucilage of tragacanth sufficient. 

Rub the powders together, then with the mucilage form a mass, to be 
divided into 480 troches. 
Dose : 1 to 3 troches. 



252 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Mixture of Magnesia. 

Take of Magnesia 12 g lins. 

Tincture of opium 3 drops. 

White sugar sufficient. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every two hours until the bowels are tranquil. 

In thrush. Dewees. 



MAGNESII CAR BOX AS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— CARBONATE OF 

MAGNESIUM. 

May be prepared by mixing solutions of sulphate of magnesium and 
carbonate of sodium, washing and drying the precipitate, but is prepared 
on a large scale from the bittern of salt works. It occurs in two varieties, 
called light said heavy, respectively, the former of which is directed by the 
XL S. Pharmacopoeia. The difference between the two depends upon the 
manner of preparation, the one containing more water than the other. 

Carbonate of magnesium is used for the same purposes as. magnesia. 

Dose : -J to 2 drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Solution of Carbonate of Magnesium (Br.). 

Take of Sulphate of magnesium 2 ounces. 

Carbonate of sodium 2£ ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the salts separately, each in 10 ounces of water, heat the mag- 
nesium solution to the boiling point, add the sodium solution, and boil 
until gas ceases to be evolved. Wash the precipitate, mix it with 20 ounces 
of distilled water, impregnate it with carbonic acid, and bottle. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Troches of Carbonate of Magnesium (Fr.). 

Take of Carbonate of magnesium 20 parts. 

White sugar 80 parts. 

Mucilage of tragacanth 12 parts. 

Form a mass, and divide into troches of 15 grains each. 

Troches of Carbonate of Magnesium and Catechu (Fr.). 

Take of Carbonate of magnesium 10 parts. 

Catechu 5 parts. 

White sugar 85 parts. 

Mucilage of tragacanth 12 parts. 

Form a mass, and divide into troches of 15 grains each. 






CITRATE OF MAGNESIUM. 253 

Powpee of Magnesia and Bhubakb (Ger.). 

Take & Carbonate of magnesium 60 parts. 

Qleosaccharate of fennel 40 parts. 

Rhubarb 15 parts. 

Mix. 

The oleosaccharates of the German Pharmacopoeia are formed by rubbing 
1 drop of any essential oil with 4- drachm of white sugar. 

Mixtures of Carbonate of Magnesium. 

Take of Carbonate of magnesium J drachm. 

Tincture of asaf etida 40 drops. 

Tincture of opium 20 drops. 

Sugar 1 drachm. 

Distilled water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : '20 drops to 1 drachm, according to age, in flatulent colic 
and diarrhoea of infants. Dewees. 

Take of Carbonate of magnesium 15 grains. 

Rhubarb 5 grains. 

Cinnamon water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Ophthalmic Hospital. 

Take of Carbonate of magnesium ^ drachm. 

Sulphate of magnesium 3 drachms. 

Aromatic spirit of ammonia 1 drachm. 

Tincture of rhubarb \ ounce. 

Tincture of hyoscyamus \ drachm. 

Peppermint water 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : J ounce two or three times a day, as a mild cathartic. 

Meigs. 
Dr. Bartholow substitutes tincture of gelsemium for tincture of hyos- 
cyamus in this mixture. 



MAGXESII CITRAS— CITBATE OF MAGNESIUM. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Liquor Magnesii Citratis (U. S., Br., Fr.). — Solution of Citrate of 

Magnesium. 

Take of Carbonate of magnesium 200 grains. 

Citric acid 400 grains. 

Syrup of citric acid 2 ounces. 

Bicarbonate of potassium 40 grains. 

Water sufficient. 

Dissolve the acid in 4 ounces of water, add the carbonate, and stir 
until dissolved. Filter into a twelve-ounce bottle containing the syrup, add 



254 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

the bicarbonate, and sufficient water to nearly fill tbe bottle ; cork, and 
fasten with wire or twine. 

Dose : 4 to 6 ounces, laxative ; 6 to 12 ounces, purgative. 

A pleasant, but rather unreliable preparation. 

Effervescing Citrate of Magnesium (Ger.). 

Take of Carbonate of magnesium 25 parts. 

Citric acid 75 parts. 

Mix, form into a thick paste with distilled water, and dry, at or below 
86°. 

Take of This mass 14 parts. 

Bicarbonate of sodium 13 parts. 

Citric acid 6 parts. 

White sugar 3 parts. 

Mix, moisten with sufficient alcohol, pass through a sieve to form a 
coarse granular powder, and dry. 



MAGNESII SULPHAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SULPHATE OF 
MAGNESIUM— EPSOM SALT. 

Sulphate of magnesium is a constituent of sea-water, and of the waters 
of many mineral springs, and is prepared on a large scale from the mineral 
magnesite. 

It occurs in transparent, colorless crystals, resembling those of oxalic 
acid, and has a bitter, saline taste. It is a mild, but effective, cooling pur- 
gative. 

Dose : 2 drachms to 1 ounce. 

Mixtures of Sulphate of Magnesium. 

Take of Sulphate of magnesium 1 drachm. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 10 minims. 

Syrup of red poppies 30 minims. 

Spearmint water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Westminster Hospital. 

Take of Sulphate of magnesium 80 grains. 

Carbonate of magnesium 10 grains. 

Peppermint water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Guy's Hospital. 

Take of Sulphate of magnesium 1 drachm. 

Gallic acid 10 grains. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 5 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Royal Chest Hospital. 



MAGNOLIA. 255 

Take of Sulphate of magnesium 20 grains. 

Sulphate of iron 1 grain. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 10 minims. 

Peppermint water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Middlesex Hospital. 

Take of Sulphate of magnesium 1 drachm. 

Sulphate of quiuia 1 grain. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 4 minims. 

Syrup of ginger 1 drachm. 

Dill water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Samaritan Hospital. 

Take of Sulphate of magnesium 1 drachm. 

Tincture -oi rhubarb 2 drachms. 

Svrup of ginger 1 drachm. 

Caraway water 10 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm for a child one year old. In diarrhoea. 

West. 

Take of Sulphate of magnesium 20 grains. 

Nitrate of potassium 10 grains. 

Solution of acetate of ammonium 2 drachms. 

Syrup of lemon ^ ounce. 

Water to 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 2 drachms for a child two years old. 

Samaritan Hospital. 

Take of Sulphate of magnesium \ ounce. 

Syrup of seneka £ ounce. 

Syrup of squill \ ounce. 

Tincture of hyoscyamus 1 ounce. 

Compound mixture of liquorice 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 2 drachms every four hours, in subacute and chronic 
brouchitis of adults. H. S. Dessau. 



MAGNOLIA (U. S.)— MAGNOLIA. 

The bark of Magnolia acuminata, L. (cucumber tree) ; M. glauca, L. 
(sweet-bay) ; and M. Umbrella, Lam. (Umbrella tree) ; (Nat. ord., Magnoli- 
acece), trees indigenous to the United States, and growing most abundantly 
in the southern portions. 

Magnolia bark has an aromatic, bitter taste, and possesses aromatic, 
stimulant, and tonic properties. In hot decoction it is employed to pro- 
duce diaphoresis in acute inflammatory and febrile affections. 

Dose : % to 1 drachm. 



256 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Decoction of Magnolia. 

Take of Magnolia 1 ounce. 

Water H pint. 

Boil to 1 pint, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 



MALTUM— MALT. 



Barley is generally employed in the preparation of malt, though not ex- 
clusively. The grain is soaked in water, spread out until it has germin- 
ated, and then dried. It has an agreeable odor, a sweet taste, and yields 
to water a brown infusion, which, properly evaporated, constitutes the ex- 
tract of malt so well known. 

Malt is nutritious and easily digested, and has been very much em- 
ployed the j)ast few years in chronic and wasting diseases. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extract of Malt (Ger.). 

Take of Barley malt 1 part. 

Water 5 parts. 

Mix the malt with 1 part of water, macerate three hours, add the re- 
mainder, and digest, at or below 140°, for an hour ; heat to 212 3 , express, 
strain, and evaporate to a thick extract. 

Ferrated Extract of Malt (Ger.). 

Take of Extract of malt 95 parts. 

Pyrophosphate of iron with citrate of ammon- 
ium 2 parts. 

Water 3 parts. 

Dissolve the iron in the water, and mix with the extract. 



MAXGAXESIUM— MAXGAXESE. 

MAXGAXESII OXIDUM XIGRUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— BLACK 

OXIDE OF MAXGAXESE. 

Occurs as a bog ore in many sections of the country. It is generally 
an amorphous powder, of a dull black color, and without odor or taste. It 
is used chemically in the preparation of chlorine, and therapeutically, with 
excellent results, in painful indigestion, gastralgia, gastric ulcer, etc. 

Dose : 2 to 10 grains. 



SULPHATE OF MANGANESE MANNA. 257 

Ointment of Oxide of Manganese. 

Take of Oxide of manganese 1 ounce. 

Sulphur 1 ounce. 

Hard soap 1 ounce. 

Lard 3 drachms. 

Mix. Used in porrigo. Bartholow. 



MANGAXESII SULPHAS (U. S., Fr.)— SULPHATE OF MAN- 
GANESE. 

Prepared by treating black oxide of manganese with sulphuric acid, 
evaporating to dryness, and heati»g to redness, in order to decompose the 
sulphate of iron present as an impurity. The mass is then mixed with 
water, filtered, evaporated, and crystallized. 

It occurs in pale red crystals, of a styptic taste, and freely soluble in 
water. Used as a cholagogue. 

Dose : 2 to 10 grains. 

Pills of Sulphate of Manganese and Ox Bile. 

Take of Sulphate of manganese, dried 40 grains. 

Purified ox bile 1 drachm. 

Resin of podophyllum. . 5 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 20 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three times a day, in catarrhal jaundice. Bartholow. 



MANNA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— MANNA. 

A concrete exudation from Fraxinus Ornus, L. (Nat. ord., Oleacece), a 
tree growing in Southern Italy. Manna occurs in irregular shaped pieces, 
from one to six inches long, of a white or yellowish-white color, a honey-like 
odor, and has a sweetish, and afterward, acrid taste. It contains a pecu- 
liar saccharine principle, termed mannite, a little sugar, and a resin to 
which it owes its cathartic properties. 

It is nutritive and laxative. On account of its agreeable taste it is 
easily administered to children. 

Dose : 1 to 4 drachms for children ; 1 to 2 ounces for adults. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Sykup of Manna (Ger.). 

Take of Manna 3 parts. 

Distilled water 12 parts. 

White sugar 16 parts. 

Dissolve the manna in the water, filter, add the sugar, and heat to the 
boiling point. 
17 



258 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Teoches of Manna (Fr.). 

Take of Manna 150 parts. 

Sugar 800 parts. 

Gum arabic 50 parts. 

Orange flower water 75 parts. 

Dissolve the manna in the water with a gentle heat, and strain ; add the 
gum, previously mixed with twice its weight of sugar, then the remainder 
of the sugar, and divide into troches of 15 grains each. 



MASTICHE (U. S. et al. Ph.)— MASTIC. 

A concrete resinous exudation from the bark of Pistacia Lentiscus, L. 
{Nat.ord., Anacardiacece), a shrub or small tree indigenous to the coasts of 
the Mediterranean. 

Mastic occurs in roundish tears about the size of peas, of a yellow or 
greenish color, and a balsamic odor. Whatever medicinal properties it 
possesses are of a terebinthinate character. 

Dose : 2 to 5 grains. 

PREPARATION. 

Ethereal Tincture of Mastic (Fr.). 

Take of Mastic at will. 

Prepare a saturated tincture by maceration in a menstruum composed 
of 89 parts of pure ether and 36 parts of alcohol (90$). 
Used to fill the cavities of aching teeth. 
See Pilulce Aloes et Mastiches. 



MATICO (IT. S., Br., Fr.)— MATICO. 

The leaves of Piper angustifohum, Ruiz and Pav. (Nat. ord., Piperacece), 
a shrub growing in South America. 

Matico is an agreeable aromatic tonic, and appears to exert its influ- 
ence mainly upon the mucous membranes, particularly those of the 
genito-urinary organs. It is used, both internally and locally, as a haemo- 
static. 

Dose : 20 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum Matico Fluidum (U. S. )— Fluid Extract of Matico. 

Take of Matico 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 12 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 1 of water, moisten the 
matico with J pint of the mixture and proceed according to the general 



GERMAN CHAMOMILE. 259 

formula, page 161. Finish the percolation with diluted alcohol, reserve 14 
ounces, and add 1 ounce of glycerin to the remainder, before evaporation. 
Dose : 20 to 60 minims. 

Infusion or Matico (Br.). 

Take of Matico leaves % ounce. 

Boiling distilled water 10 ounces. 

Infuse for half an hour, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 4 ounces. 

Either of the above preparations fairly represents the leaves, and may 
be used instead of them, except when a styptic effect is desired ; in the lat- 
ter case the leaves are applied in substance to the bleeding part. 

The so-called "injections" and "capsules of matico" contain, according 
to Bumstead, no matico whatever. 



MATRICARIA (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— GERMAN CHAMOMILE. 

The flower heads of Matricaria Chamomilla, L. (Nat, ord., Compositce), 
a common European plant. The flowers are smaller than those of chamo- 
mile, but possess similar properties, and are often substituted for them. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Extract or German Chamomile (Ger.). 

Take of German chamomile 2 parts. 

Exhaust by maceration in diluted alcohol, and evaporate to a thick ex- 
tract. 

Dose : 2 to 10 grains. 

Infusion of German Chamomile (Ger.). 

Take of German chamomile 1 part. 

Boiling water 5 parts. 

Infuse until cold, then express and strain. 
Dose : \ to 1 ounce. 

Made according to the general formula for infusions of the German 
Pharmacopoeia. 

Oil of German Chamomile (Ger.). 
A thick oil obtained from German chamomile by distillation. 
Dose : 3 to 10 minims. 



260 MEDICAL FORMULATCY. 

Infused Oil of German Chamomile (Ger.). 

Take of German chamomile 2 parts. 

Alcohol / 1 part. 

Olive oil ' 20 parts. 

Mix the alcohol with the chamomile, set aside in a covered vessel for a 
few hours, then add the oil, digest until the alcohol is evaporated, express 
and filter. Used as an embrocation. 

Syrup of Geeman Chamomile (Ger.). 

Take of German chamomile „ . 3 parts. 

Boiling distilled water 15 parts. 

Macerate a few hours, and, in 10 parts of the filtered liquid, dissolve 18 
parts of sugar. Used as a vehicle. 

Chamomile Water (Ger.). 

Take of German chamomile 1 part. 

Water sufficient. 

Distil 10 parts. Used as a vehicle. 



MEL (U. S. et al. Ph.)— HONEY. 

A saccharine liquid collected from flowers by the common honey-bee 
(Apis mellifica, L.J, and deposited in the honey-comb. 
Used chiefly as a vehicle. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Mel Despumatum — Clarified Honey. 

Take of Honey a convenient quantity. 

Melt by means of a water-bath, and remove the scum. 

Hydromel (Fr.). 

Take of Clarified honey 1 pare. 

Warm water 10 parts. 

Dissolve, and strain. A slightly laxative drink. 

Oxymel (Br., Ger.). 

Take of Clarified honey (by weight) 40 ounces. 

Acetic acid 5 ounces. 

Distilled water 5 ounces. 

Liquefy the honey by heat, then mix vvith the acid and water. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

The German Pharmacopoeia employs 1 part of acid with 40 parts of 
honey. 



BALM. 261 

Syrup of Honey (Fr.). 

Take of Honey 4 parts. 

Water 1 part. 

Mix, skim, clarify, and strain. Used as a vehicle. 

Suppositories of Honey (Fr.). 

Take of honey a convenient quantity. 

Boil until it solidifies on cooling, then pour into moulds having the ca- 
pacity of 1 drachm each. 

Honey Cough Mixture. 

Take of Honey 1 part. 

Jamaica rum 1 part. 

Lemon juice 1 part. 

Mix. Dose : % ounce every two or three hours, in the chronic bronchi- 
tis of old people. 



MELISSA (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— BALM. 

The leaves and tops of Melissa officinalis, L. (Nat. ord., Labiatce), an 
herbaceous perennial indigenous to the old world, but naturalized in this 
country. 

Balm possesses the stimulant and aromatic properties common to many 
of the labiatse. In hot decoction it is used as a diaphoretic. 

Dose : 2 to 4 drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Balm Water (Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Balm tops, fresh 1 part. 

Water sufficient. 

Distil 1 part. Used as a vehicle. 

Compound Spirit of Balm (Ger., Fr.). 

Take of Balm leaves 14 parts. 

Lemon peel 12 parts. 

Coriander seeds 6 parts. 

Nutmeg 6 parts. 

Cassia bark 3 parts. 

Cloves 3 parts. 

Mix, bruise, and add of alcohol 150 parts. 

Water 250 parts. 

Distil 200 parts. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms, as a stomachic and carminative. 



262 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



MENTHA PIPEKITA (U. S. et al. Ph.)- PEPPERMINT. 

The leaves and tops of Mentha piperita, L. (Nat. ord., Labiatce), a per- 
ennial herb which grows freely in all temperate regions. It is extensively 
cultivated in this country for the oil which it yields by distillation. 

Peppermint has a pungent, biting taste, followed by a cooling and re- 
freshing sensation. It is a stimulant and carminative, besides having fee- 
ble anodyne powers. It is frequently used to relieve the pains of flatulent 
colic, to expel flatus, to arrest vomiting, etc. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 
Aqua Menthae Piperitae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Peppermint Water. 

Take of Oil of peppermint \ drachm. 

Carbonate of magnesium 1 drachm. 

Distilled water 2 pints. 

Pub the oil first with the carbonate, then with the water added grad- 
ually, and filter. Or, mix 18 ounces of peppermint with 16 pints of water, 
and distil 8 pints. Used as a vehicle. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs : oil of peppermint, 1-J- drachm ; 
water, 1J gallon ; distil 1 gallon. The French Codex and German Phar- 
macopoeia direct to distil from the fresh and dried plant, respectively. 

Oleum Menthae Piperitae (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— Oil of Peppermint. 

The oil obtained from peppermint by distillation. 
Dose : 1 to 3 minims. 

Spiritus Menthae Piperitae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Spirit of Peppermint — 
Essence of Peppermint. 

Take of Oil of peppermint 1 ounce. 

Peppermint, coarsely powdered 2 drachms. 

Stronger alcohol 15 ounces. 

Dissolve the oil in the alcohol, add the pej)permint, macerate twenty- 
four hours, and filter. 

Dose : 5 to 30 minims. 

The British preparation of the same name has the strength of 1 vol- 
ume of oil to 49 of alcohol, while its preparation known as essence of pep- 
permint has the strength of 1 to 4. The German spirit has the strength of 
1 to 9, and the French is prepared by distillation from the fresh plant. 



SPEARMINT. 263 

Trochisci Menthae Piperitae (U. S., Fr.) — Troches of Peppermint. 

Take of Oil of peppermint 1 drachm. 

Sugar 12 ounces. 

Mucilage of tragacanth sufficient. 

Rub the oil and sugar together, then with the mucilage form a mass, to 
be divided into 480 troches. 

Dose : 1 or 2 troches, as required. 

Syrup of Peppermint (Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Peppermint water 50 parts. 

White sugar 95 parts. 

Dissolve without heat, and filter. Used as a vehicle. 
The German preparation is made in the same manner as syrup of spear- 
mint, which see. 



MENTHA YIRIDIS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SPEARMINT. 

The leaves and tops of Mentha viridis, L. (Nat. ord., Labiates), a peren- 
nial herb indigenous to the Old World, but long since naturalized here. 

Spearmint, like peppermint, is an aromatic stimulant and carminative, 
but is less efficient, and, to most persons, less agreeable. It is used for 
the same purposes. The French Codex and German Pharmacopoeia recog- 
nize Mentha crispa, L., a closely allied species. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Aqua Menthae Viridis (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Spearmint Water. 

Take of Oil of spearmint J drachm. 

Carbonate of magnesium 1 drachm. 

Distilled water 2 pints. 

Eub the oil first with the carbonate, then with the water added gradually, 
and filter. Or mix 18 ounces of spearmint with 16 pints of water, and 
distil 8 pints. Used as a vehicle. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs : oil of spearmint, 1J drachm ; water, 
\\ gallon ; distil 1 gallon. The German Pharmacopoeia directs to distil 
from the dried plant. 

Oleum Menthae Viridis (U. S., Br., Ger.)— Oil of Spearmint. 

The oil obtained from spearmint by distillation. 
Dose : 1 to 5 minims. 



264 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Spiritus Menthae Viridis (U. S., Ger.) — Spirit of Spearmint — Essence 

of Spearmint. 

Take of Oil of spearmint 1 ounce. 

Spearmint 2 drachms. 

Stronger alcohol 15 ounces. 

Dissolve the oil in the alcohol, add the spearmint, macerate for twenty- 
four hours, and filter. 

Dose : 5 to 30 minims. 

The German preparation has the strength of 1 to 9. 

Syrup of Spearmint {Curled Mint, Ger.). 

Take of Spearmint 3 parts. 

Boiling distilled water 15 parts. 

Macerate a few hours, and, in 10 parts of the filtered liquid, dissolve 
18 parts of sugar. Used as a vehicle. 

Compound Infusion of Spearmint. 

Take of Spearmint 2 ounces. 

Red rose petals 80 grains. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 2 drachms. 

Sugar \\ ounce. 

Boiling water 20 ounces. 

Macerate half an hour, strain, and add the sugar. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. Guy's Hospital. 



MEZEREUM (D. S. et al. Ph.)— MEZEREOK 

The bark of Daphne Mezereum, L. (Nat. ord., Thymelacece), a shrub in- 
digenous to Northern Europe. 

Formerly very popular as a remedy for syphilis, chronic rheumatism, 
and other chronic diseases, but now seldom used. Applied locally it is an 
irritant, and, in the form of an ointment is used to maintain the discharge 
from blistered surfaces. It is a constituent of compound decoction of 
sarsaparilla. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extr actum Mezerei Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Mezereon. 

Take of Mezereon 16 ounces. 

Stronger alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the mezereon with 6 ounces of the alcohol, and proceed ac- 
cording to the general formula, page 161. 
Dose : 1 to 10 minims. 



MORPHINE. 265 

Unguentum Mezerei (U. S., Ger.) — Mezereon Ointment. 

Take of Fluid extract of mezereon 4 ounces. 

Lard 14 ounces. 

Yellow wax 2 ounces. 

Melt the lard and wax together, add the mezereon, and stir until the 
alcohol has evaporated and the mass has become cool. 

Extract of Mezereon (Ger.). 

Take of Mezereon 1 part. 

Alcohol 7 parts. 

Exhaust the mezereon by maceration with the alcohol, and evaporate to 
a thin extract. 

Ethereal Extrvct of Mezereon (Br.). 

Take of Mezereon 1 pound (avoir. ). 

Rectified spirit 8 pints (imp.). 

Ether 1 pint (imp.). 

Exhaust the mezereon by maceration in the spirit, and evaporate to 
a soft extract. Put this into a bottle with the ether, macerate twenty-four 
hours, shaking frequently, decant, and evaporate the ethereal solution to a 
soft extract. 

Used in Compound Liniment of Mustard, Br. 



MORPHIA (U. S., Fr., Ger.) MORPHIA— MORPHINE. 

Take of Opium, sliced 12 ounces. 

Water of ammonia 6 ounces. 

Animal charcoal sufficient. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Macerate the opium with 4 pints of distilled water for twenty-four 
hours, work it with the hands, macerate twenty-four hours longer, and strain. 
Macerate the residue twice successively in like manner, and strain ; mix the 
infusions, evaporate to 6 pints, and filter. Then add 5 pints of alcohol, and 
afterward 3 ounces of water of ammonia, previously mixed with -J pint of 
alcohol. After twenty-four hours, pour on the remainder of the water of 
ammonia, previously mixed with J pint of alcohol, and set aside for twenty- 
four hours to crystallize. Boil the crystals with 2 pints of alcohol, filter, 
while hot, through animal charcoal, and set aside to crystallize. 

Morphia, thus prepared, is in colorless crystals, almost insoluble in 
water, but freely soluble in boiling alcohol. 

Dose : -J to -J grain. Seldom used except in the form of its salts. 



266 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Morphiae Aeetas (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Acetate of Morphia. 

Take of Morphia 1 ounce. 

Distilled water J pint. 

Acetic acid sufficient. 

Mix the morphia with the water, carefully add acetic acid until the 
morphia is neutralized and dissolved, evaporate to a syrupy consistence, 
then set aside till it concretes. Lastly, dry with a gentle heat, and rub 
into powder. 

Dose : -J- to \ grain. 

Morphiae Hydroehloras (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Hydrochlorate of Morphia 

— Muriate of Morphia. 

Take of Morphia 1 ounce. 

Distilled water 4 ounces. 

Hydrochloric acid sufficient. 

Mix the morphia with the water, carefully add hydrochloric acid until 
the morphia is neutralized and dissolved, evaporate, and crystallize. Lastly, 
drain the crystals, and dry them on bibulous paper. 

Dose : -J to \ grain. 

Morphias Sulphas (U. S., Fr., Ger.).— Sulphate of Morphia. 

Take of Morphia 1 ounce. 

Distilled water \ pint. 

Diluted sulphuric acid sufficient. 

Mix the morphia with the water, carefully add diluted sulphuric acid 
until the morphia is neutralized and dissolved, evaporate, and crystallize. 
Lastly, drain the crystals, and dry them on bibulous paper. 

Dose : \ to \ grain. 

Liquor Morphiae Sulphatis (U. S.)— Solution of Sulphate of Morphia. 

Take of Sulphate of morphia 8 grains. 

Distilled water -±- pint. 

Dissolve. 

Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 

There is no good reason why this preparation should be officinal. It 
has no advantage over extemporaneous solutions, and, besides, it is liable 
to be mistaken for ITagendie's Solution of Morphia, which contains 16 grains 
of sulphate of morphia to 1 ounce of water. This latter solution is a very 
convenient one for hypodermic use. 



MOEPHINE. 267 

Suppositoria Morphiae (TJ. S., Br.) — Suppositories of Morphia. 

Take of Sulphate of morphia . . 6 grains. 

Oil of theobroina ... 354 grains. 

Mix the morphia with 1 drachm of the oil, then, having melted the re- 
mainder and cooled it to 95°, mix all together, and pour into suitable 
moulds, making 12 suppositories. 

An eligible form in which to administer morphia by the rectum or 
vagina. 

The British Pharmacopoeia employs hydrochlorate of morphia, and a 
mixture of oil of theobroma, white wax, and benzoated lard. 

Troehisci Morphiae et Ipecacuanhas (TJ. S., Br.) — Troches of Mor- 
phia and Ipecacuanha. 

Take of Sulphate of morphia , 12 grains. 

Ipecacuanha 40 grains. 

Sugar ....'. 10 ounces. 

Oil of gaultheria 5 minims. 

Mucilage of tragacanth sufficient. 

Rub the powders together, add the oil, and with the mucilage form a 
mass, to be divided into 480 troches. 

Dose : 1 to 6 troches. 

Used to allay cough and to promote expectoration. 

The British Pharmacopoeia employs hydrochlorate of morphia in nearly 
the same proportion. There are also officinal in the British Pharmacopoeia 
Troches of Morphia, made in the same manner, and of the same strength, but 
without ipecacuanha. 



Solution of Acetate of Morphia (Br.). 

Take of Acetate of morphia 4 grains. 

Diluted acetic acid 8 minims. 

Rectified spirit 2 drachms. 

Distilled water 6 drachms. 

Mix the acid, spirit, and water, and dissolve the morphia in the mixture. 
Dose : 10 to 60 minims. 



Solution of Hydrochlorate of Morphia (Br. ). 

Take of Hydrochlorate of morphia 4 grains. 

Diluted hydrochloric acid , 8 minims. 

Rectified spirit 2 drachms. 

Distilled water 6 drachms. 

Mix the acid, spirit, and water, and dissolve the morphia in the mixture. 
Dose : 10 to 60 minims. 



268 MEDICAL FORMULAE Y. 

Pills of Hydrochlorate of Morphia (Fr.). 

Take of Hydrochlorate of morphia 15 grains. 

Sugar of milk 15 grains. 

Honey sufficient. 

Mix, and form a mass, to be divided into 100 pills. 
Dose : 1 to 3 pills. 

Suppositories of Morphia with Soap (Br.). 

Take of Hydrochlorate of morphia 6 grains. 

Glycerin of starch 50 grains. 

Curd soap 100 grains. 

Starch sufficient. 

Mix the morphia with the glycerin of starch and the soap ; add starch 
to form a paste of suitable consistence, and divide into 12 equal parts, each 
of which is to be made into a conical form. 

Hypodermic Injection of Morphta (Br.). 
A slightly acid solution of acetate of morphia, containing 1 grain of the 
salt in 12 minims. 

Dose : 1 to 6 minims. 

Hypodermic Injection of Morphia and Atropia. 

Take of Sulphate of atropia i grain. 

Hypodermic injection of morphia (Br.) 1 drachm. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 4 minims. London Hospital. 

COLLYRIUM OF MORPHIA. 

Take of Sulphate of morphia 4 to 8 grains. 

Distilled water 1 ounce. 

Mix. A few drops to be put in the eyes, when necessary, in conjuncti- 
vitis. Bartholow. 

COLLYRIUM OF MORPHIA, ZlNC, AND ATROPIA. 

Take of Sulphate of morphia 4 grains. 

Sulphate of zinc 2 to 8 grains. 

Sulphate of atropia 1 grain. 

Distilled water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Used like the preceding, in iritis, and other inflammatory affec- 
tions of the eyes. Bartholow. 

Mixture of Morphia and Hydrocyanic Acid. 

Take of Solution of hydrochlorate of morphia 10 minims. 

Diluted hydrocyanic acid 3 minims. 

Spirit of chloroform 10 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Westminster Hospital. 



MORPHINE. 269 

Mjxtuee of Morphia and Iron. 

Take of Hydrochlorate of morphia y 1 ^ grain. 

Solution of per chloride of iron 15 minims. 

Diluted hydrocholoric acid 3 minims. 

Spirit of chloroform • . 10 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 

Morphia Cough Mixtures. 

Take of Sulphate of morphia 3 grains. 

Diluted hydrocyanic acid J drachm. 

Syrup of seneka 1 ounce. 

Syrup of tolu 1 ounce. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm three or four times a day. F. H. Bosworth. 

Take of Solution of sulphate of morphia (U. S.) 1 ounce. 

Compound spirit of ether 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm three or four times a day. F. H. Bosworth. 

Take of Sulphate (or other salt) of morphia ^ grain. 

Spirit of chloroform 3 minims. 

Glycerin or syrup 1 drachm. 

Mix. One dose. To be taken frequently, when cough is troublesome, 
until the paroxysm is subdued. Ringer. 

Pills of Morphia and Zlnc. 

Take of Sulphate of morphia 1 to 2 grains. 

Zinc oxidi ^ drachm. 

Mix, and make 10 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three times a day, before each meal, in painful diseases of 
the stomach. Bartholow. 

Powder of Morphia and Bismuth. 

Take of Sulphate of morphia 1 to 2 grains. 

Subnitrate or subcarbonate of bismuth 3 drachms. 

Aromatic powder 1 drachm. 

Mix, and divide into 12 powders. 

Dose : a powder in milk before each meal, in painful diseases of the 
stomach. Bartholow. 

Tully's Powder. 

Take of Sulphate of morphia 1 grain. 

Camphor 20 grains. 

Powdered liquorice root 20 grains. 

Prepared chalk 20 grains. 

Mix. Dose : 10 grains, containing -J- grain of morphia. 



270 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Powder of Morphia and Quinia. 

Take of Sulphate of morphia 1 grain. 

Sulphate of quinia 6 grains. 

Capsicum 6 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 6 powders. 

Dose : 1 powder every two or three hours, in sick headache. 

Lotion of Morphia and Hydrocyanic Acdd. 

Take of Hydrochlorate of morphia 16 grains. 

Diluted hydrocyanic acid % ounce. 

Borax 2 drachms. 

Glycerin 2 ounces. 

Water to 8 ounces. 

Mix. Used in pruritus ani. J. W. Wright 



MOSCHUS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— MUSK. 

A peculiar concrete substance obtained from the male musk deer 
(Moschus moschiferus, L.), which inhabits the mountains of Central Asia. 
The musk-bag, situated between the prepuce and umbilicus, is about two 
and a half inches long, and one and a half broad. 

Musk occurs in grains cemented together, more or less mixed with hairs ; 
is of a reddish- brown color, and has a peculiar, aromatic odor, and a bitter 
taste. It is a powerful nervous stimulant and antispasmodic. Used in low 
fevers, and in nervous diseases. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Tincture of Musk (Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Musk 1 part. 

Alcohol {80fc) 10 parts. 

Macerate ten days, express, and filter. 
Dose : £ to 1 drachm. 

The German Pharmacopoeia employs, as a menstruum, diluted alcohol 
and water, in equal parts, and makes the strength 1 to 50. 

Ethereal Tincture of Musk (Fr.). 

Take of Musk 1 part. 

Macerate ten days in 10 parts of a menstruum composed of 89 parts of 
pure ether, and 36 parts of alcohol (90#), then filter. 
Dose : \ to 1 drachm. 



NUTMEG MACE. 271 

Mixtures of Musk. 

Take of Musk 15 to 60 grains. 

Infusion of valerian 4 ounces. 

Spirit of orange flowers . 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : J ounce every two hours, in ataxic fevers, and typhoid 
pneumonia. Guibourt. 

Take of Musk 1 drachm. 

Ether 1£ drachm. 

Tincture of opium lj drachm. 

Cinnamon water 2^- ounces. 

Syrup 1£ ounce. 

Mix. Dose : J ounce three times a day, in the subsultus of typhoid, 
and other low and malignant fevers. Horace Green. 



MYRISTICA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— NUTMEG. 
MACIS (U. S., Fr.)— MACE. 

These are obtained from the fruit of Myristica fragrans, Houttuyn (Nat. 
ord., Jfyristicece), an evergreen tree indigenous to the East India Islands, 
but cultivated in numerous tropical countries. Nutmeg is the seed, while 
mace is its immediate covering, both being covered by an outer rind, or 
jDericarp. 

Nutmeg and mace are pleasant aromatics, and are used mainly as 
flavoring agents. Both yield a volatile oil by distillation, and nutmeg con- 
tains a large percentage of fixed oil, or fat. 

Dose : Of either, 5 to 20 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Oleum Myristiese (U. S., Br., Ger.)— Oil of Nutmeg. 
The oil obtained from nutmeg by distillation. 
Dose : 1 to 3 minims. 

Spiritus Myristieee (U. S.) — Spirit of Nutmeg. 

Take of Oil of nutmeg 1 ounce. 

Stronger alcohol 3 pints. 

Dissolve. 

Dose : ^ to 1 drachm. 

Expressed Oil of Nutmeg (Br., Fr., Ger.). 
A 'concrete oil obtained from nutmeg by means of heat and expression. 
Used as an embrocation, and in making plasters and cerates. 



272 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Nutmeg Cerate (Ger.). 

Take of Expressed oil of nutmeg 6 parts. 

Olive oil 2 parts. 

Yellow wax 1 part. 

Melt together. 



MYRRHA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— MYRRH. 

A gum-resin which exudes from Balsamodendron Myrrha, Nees. (Nat. 
ord., Amyridacece), a small tree of Arabia Felix. It occurs in small, semi- 
transparent, reddish-yellow tears, of a peculiar, agreeable odor, and a bit- 
ter, aromatic taste. 

Myrrh is a stimulant and tonic, which exerts an influence chiefly upon 
the mucous membranes, hence its use in bronchitis, leucorrhoea, and cystitis. 
It acts as an emmenagogue by virtue of its tonic properties. Locally it is 
used as an astringent for relaxed or spongy gums. 

Dose : 5 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Tinctura Myrrh® (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Tincture of Myrrh. 

Take of Myrrh 3 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : \ to 1 drachm. 

Extract of Myrrh (Ger.). 

Take of Myrrh 1 part. 

Distilled water . * 5 parts. 

Macerate two days, decant, filter, and evaporate to a dry extract. 

Gargles of Myrrh. 

Take of Tincture of myrrh \ ounce. 

Glycerite of borax \ to 1^- ounce. 

Water to 10 ounces. 

Mix. Astringent. G. M. Lefferts. 

Take of Borax 2 drachms. 

Tincture of myrrh 1 ounce. 

Glycerin 2 ounces. 

Water 8 ounces. 

Mix. N. W. Dispensary. 



INTTX VOMICA. ' 273 



Mixtures of Myrrh. 



Take of Myrrh 40 grains. 

Decoction of liquorice to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Guy's Hospital. 



Take of Tincture of myrrh 4 ounces. 

Tincture of saffron 3 ounces. 

Tincture of aloes 3 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 3 drachms twice a day, as an emmenagogue, in 
chlorosis. Known as Elixir of Paracelsus. 



NUX VOMICA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— NUX VOMICA. 

The seeds of Strychnos Nux-vomica, L. (Nat. ord., Loganiacece), a, tree 
growing in various parts of India, which bears fruit of the size, shape, and 
color of an orange, and containing from one to five seeds imbedded in a 
juicy pulp. The seeds are nearly round, less than one inch in diameter, 
about a quarter of an inch thick, convex on one side, concave on the other, 
and have an extremely bitter taste. They contain two active principles, 
strychnia and brucia, to which the medicinal effects of the drug are due. 

Nux vomica is a powerful excitant of the cerebro-spinal system, and in 
overdoses produces tetanic convulsions and death. In small doses it is an 
excellent tonic, especially of the nervous system, and is both diuretic and 
laxative. It is much used in paralysis when not caused by structural 
lesions, in chorea, incontinence of urine, neuralgia, dyspepsia, etc. 

Strychnia is more generally employed than nux vomica, since, clinically, 
there seems to be little, if any, difference in their therapeutic effects, while 
the former is much more certain than the latter. 

Dose : 1 to 5 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Extraotum Nucis Vomicae (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Extract of Nux Vomica. 

Take of Nux vomica 12 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Exhaust the nux vomica by percolation with alcohol, and evaporate to 
a proper consistence. 
Dose : \ to ^ grain. 

The German Pharmacopoeia prepares also an aqueous extract. 
18 



274 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Tinctura Nueis Vomicae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Tincture of Nux Vomica. 

Take of Nux vomica 8 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

By digestion and percolation obtain 2 pints of tincture. 
Dose : 10 to 30 minims. 

The British and German Pharmacopoeias direct 1 part of nux vomica 
to 10 of alcohol ; the French Codex, 1 to 5. 

Ethereal Tincture of Nux Vomica (Ger.). 

Take of Nux vomica 1 part. 

Spirit of ether 10 parts. 

Prepare the tincture by maceration. 
Dose : 10 to 30 minims. 

Mixtures of Nux Vomica. 

Take of Tincture of nux vomica 2 drachms. 

Tincture of capsicum 6 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 20 drops in water every four hours. Used to diminish 
the craving for stimulants when they are withdrawn, and to sustain the 
nervous system. Bartholow. 

Take of Tincture of nux vomica 2 drachms. 

Tincture of aloes and myrrh 6 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 15 to 30 drops two or three times a day, in habitual con- 
stipation. Bartholow. 

Take of Tincture of nux vomica 7% minims. 

Diluted nitric acid 10 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. University College Hospital. 

Take of Tincture of nux vomica 10 minims. 

Tincture of chloride of iron 10 minims. 

Water to 1 drachm. 

Mix. One dose. To be taken thrice daily, after meals. 

Hospital Formulary. 

Take of Tincture of nux vomica 2 drachms. 

Tincture of chloride of iron 6 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 10 to 15 drops. N. W. Dispensary. 

Pills of Nux Vomica. 

Take of Extract of nux vomica 5 grains. 

Beduced iron 20 grains. 

Sulphate of quinia 10 grains. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Mix, and divide into 20 pills. One to be taken three times a day, after 
meals, in nervous headache. Hammond. 



OIL OF CADE OIL OF CAJUPUT. 275 

Take of Extract of nux vomica £ grain. 

Compound extract of colocynth 1 grain. 

Extract of henbane 1 grain. 

Compound rhubarb pill 1 grain. 

Make 1 pill. London Hospital. 

Walker's Pills. 

Take of Extract of nux vomica 5 grains. 

Extract of belladonna 5 grains. 

Dried sulphate of iron 10 grains. 

Extract of aloes 10 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 20 pills. Hospital Formulary. 

Take of Extract of nux vomica 5 grains. 

Extract of aloes 20 grains. 

Powdered rhubarb 10 grains. 

Extract of taraxacum 30 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 20 pills. W. T. Lush 



OLEUM CADINTJM (Fr., Ger.)— OIL OF CADE. 

A tar originally obtained by the destructive distillation of the wood of 
Juniperus Oxycedrus, L. (Nat. ord., Coniferce), a shrub or small tree 
indigenous to the countries bordering the Mediterranean. That now in 
use is imported from Europe, but where made, or from what wood, is 
uncertain. It is used locally in skin diseases. 

OrNTIVIENTS OF OlL OF CADE. 

Take of Oil of cade 15 parts. 

Oil of sweet almonds 45 parts. 

Mix. For chronic eczema of the scalp. G. H. Fox. 

Take of Oil of cade 2 drachms. 

Ointment of oxide of zinc 1 ounce. 

Mix. N. Y. Dispensary. 

Take of Oil of cade 6 drachms. 

Ointment of oxide of zinc If ounce. 

Powdered camphor 1 drachm. 

Mix. N. W. Dispensary. 

OLEUM CAJUPUTI (U. S. et al. Ph.)— OIL OF CAJUPUT. 

An oil obtained by distillation from the leaves of Melaleuca Leucaden- 
dron, L. (Nat. ord., Myrtaceoe), a tree growing in the Indian Archipelago 
and Australia. 



276 MEDICAL FORMULAE Y. 

Oil of cajuput is a transparent, mobile fluid, of a pale bluish-green 
color, a camphor-like odor, and an aromatic, bitterish taste. 

It is used internally in flatulent colic, cholera morbus, nervous vomit- 
ing, etc., and externally in scaly diseases of the skin, and rheumatism. 

Dose : 1 to 5 minims. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Befined Oil of Cajuput (Ger.). 

Take of Oil of cajuput 1 part. 

Water 6 parts. 

Distil as long as a colorless, or slightly yellow oil passes over. 

Spirit of Cajuput (Br.). 

Take of Oil of cajuput 1 ounce. 

Kectified spirit 49 ounces. 

Dissolve. 

Dose : -J to 1 drachm. 

Mixture of Oil of Cajuput. 

Take of Oil of cajuput 1 drachm. 

Spirit of chloroform 1 ounce. 

Tincture of cinnamon 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every half hour in glycerin or syrup, and 
water. In cholera morbus, nervous vomiting, etc. Bartholow. 

Liniment of On. of Cajuput. 

Take of Oil of cajuput .1 part. 

Olive oil 1 part. 

Mix. Used as an embrocation in rheumatic and gouty pains. 

Wood. 



OLEUM MOKRHUJE (U. S. et al. Ph.)— COD-LIYER OIL. 

The fixed oil obtained from the liver of the common cod (Gadus mor- 
rhuaj, and other species of Gadus. 

"When pure, cod- liver oil is of a pale yellow color, and has a fishy odor 
and taste. There are, however, varieties in market ranging in color from 
pale yellow to dark, reddish-brown, but the lighter colored oils are gener- 
ally the least disagreeable, while containing, it is believed, all the virtues 
of the darker varieties. 

Cod-liver oil deserves to rank rather as a food than a medicine. Its 
tonic and restorative effects are most strongly marked in wasting diseases, 
as consumption, necrosis, chronic dysentery and diarrhoea, etc. 

Dose : ^ to 2 ounces. 



COD-LIVER OIL. 277 

Emulsions of Cod-Liver Oil. 
Take of Cod-liver oil 8 ounces. 

Lime water 8 ounces. 

Oil of cinnamon 10 drops. 

Mix. Dose : -£ ounce. Hospital Formulary. 

Take of Cod -liver oil 2 ounces. 

Lime water 1£ ounce. 

Syrup of laetophosphate of lime 1-J ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. Bosley. 

Take of Cod-liver oil 28 parts. 

Glyconin 9 parts. 

Aromatic spirit of ammonia 1 part. 

Sherry wine 20 parts. 

Spirit of bitter almond 2 parts. 

Mix. Dose : h ounce. 

All by weight. The spirit of bitter almonds is made by mixing 1 part 
of oil of bitter almonds with 64 parts of alcohol. Glyconin or Glycerite of 
Yolk of Eggs, is made thus : 

Take of Yolk of eggs 4 parts. 

Glycerin 5 parts. 

Beat the yolks in the usual manner, pour into a bottle, add the glycer- 
in, and shake well together. About 4 ounces of glyconin are required 
to emulsionize a pint of cod-liver oil. Charles Rice. 

Phosphorated Emulsion of Cod-Liver Oil. 

Take of Cod-liver oil 20 parts. 

Phosphorated oil (1$) 2 parts. 

Glyconin 7 parts. 

Aromatic spirit of ammonia 1 part. 

Syrup 10 parts. 

Diluted phosphoric acid 4 parts. 

Spirit of bitter almonds 2 parts. 

Rub the glyconin with the oils, added gradually, then add the other 
ingredients in the order in which they are named. 

Dose : ^ ounce. Charles Rice. 

Mixtures of Cod-Eiver Oil. 

Take of Cod-liver oil 3 ounces. 

Syrup of wild cherry 1 ounce. 

Lame water 1 ounce. 

Mix. N. Y. and N. W. Dispensaries. 

Take of Cod-liver oil 1 ounce. 

Carbonate of potassium ^ grain. 

Wine of iron 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 2 drachms. St. Mary's Hospital. 



278 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Cod-liver oil 6 drachms. 

Solution of potassa 40 minims. 

Stronger solution of ammonia 2 minims. 

Oil of cassia 1 minim. 

Syrup 2 drachms. 

Mix. One dose. Brompton Consumption Hospital. 

Phosphorated Cod-liver Om. 

Take of Phosphorated oil (lf ) 100 grains. 

Ether 2 drachms. 

Cod-liver oil to 16 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : ^ ounce. Bellevue Hospital. 



OLEUM OmOE (U.S. et al. Ph.)— OLIVE OIL— SWEET OIL. 

The fixed oil obtained from the fruit of Olea Europsea, L. (Nat. ord., 
Oleacece). The olive tree is extensively cultivated in the countries border- 
ing on the Mediterranean, where the fruit and oil are important articles of 
diet and commerce. 

Olive oil is nutritious, emollient, demulcent, and laxative. It is em- 
ployed both externally and internally. 

Dose : -J- to 2 ounces. 

Enema of Olive Oil. 

Take of Olive oil , , 4 ounces. 

Decoction of barley to 20 ounces. 

Mix. Middlesex Hospital. 

Mixture of Oltve Oil. 

Take of Olive oil 1 drachm. 

Carbonate of potassium 4 grains. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Guy's Hospital. 



OLEUM E1CIKI (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CASTOK OIL. 

The fixed oil obtained from the seeds of Ricinus communis, L. (Nat. 
ord., Euphorbiacece), a native of India, but cultivated in many countries. It 
is grown extensively in Southern Illinois, and that State now furnishes a 
large percentage of the oil used in this country. 

In warmer countries the castor oil plant is a tree of twenty to forty feet 
in height, but in temperate regions it is an annual herb, five or ten feet 
high. 



SPIRIT OF TURPENTINE. 279 

Castor oil is a thick, viscous liquid, of a faint, unpleasant odor, and a 
disagreeable, nauseous taste. It is a mild but certain cathartic, operating 
with little pain, and well suited to cases where free evacuation is desired 
without abdominal irritation, as in pregnancy, after childbirth, in typhoid 
fever, dysentery, diarrhoea from indigestible food, and for children. 

Dose : 1 to 8 drachnis. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Emxxsiox of Castor Oil (Fr.). 

Take of Castor oil 30 parts. 

Gum arabic 8 parts. 

Peppermint water 15 parts. 

Water 60 parts. 

Syrup 30 parts. 

Rub the gum with its weight of water, then add the oil and other in- 
gredients gradually. 

Dose : 2 to 4 ounces. 

Mixture of Castor Oil. 

Take of Castor oil 1 ounce. 

Mucilage of gum arabic |- ounce. 

Syrup \ ounce. 

Cinnamon water 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : \ ounce every four to six hours, in sporadic dysentery, 
after the more acute symptoms have subsided. When there are much 
pain, tenesmus, and frequent passages, 10 to 20 drops of laudanum may 
be added to each dose ; when there are much depression, a low state of the 
arterial tension, and a dry, glazed tongue, 5 drops of turpentine may also 
be added. Bartholow. 



OLEUM TEREBINTHIN^ (U. S. et al. Ph.)— OIL OF TURPEN- 
TINE—SPIRIT OF TURPENTINE. 

The volatile oil obtained by distilling the oleoresinous exudation from 
Pinus palustris, L. (Nat. ord., Coniferoe), and other species of pine. 

It is a clear, colorless, volatile liquid, of a pungent, terebinthinate odor 
and taste. In small doses it is a stimulant to the skin, mucous membranes, 
and kidneys. Very large doses pass off by the bowels, and may produce 
strangury, bloody urine, etc. In large doses it is employed as an anthel- 
mintic ; in small doses, to relieve the tympanites of typhoid fever, to arrest 
hemorrhage from mucous membranes, in chronic catarrhs, etc. Externally 
it is employed as a rubefacient. 

Dose : 5 to 30 minims. As an anthelmintic, ^ to 2 ounces. 



280 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Linimentum Terebinthinae (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Liniment of Turpentine. 

Take of Resin cerate 12 ounces. 

Oil of turpentine J pint. 

Add the oil to the cerate, previously melted, and mix. 

Used as an application to burns and scalds. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs : soft soap, 2 ounces ; camphor, 1 
ounce ; oil of turpentine, 16 ounces. The French Codex employs equal 
parts of oil of turpentine and infused oil of camomile. These latter prepa- 
rations are therefore much stronger than that of the United States Pharma- 
copoeia, and are used for rubefacient effect. 

Liniment of Turpentine and Acetic Acid (Br.). 

Take of Oil of turpentine 1 ounce. 

Acetic acid 1 ounce. 

Liniment of camphor ; * ■ , . . 1 ounce. 

Mix. 

Confection of Turpentine (Br.). 

Take of Oil of turpentine 1 ounce. 

Liquorice root 1 ounce. 

Clarified honey (by weight) 2 ounces. 

Hub the turpentine with the liquorice, then add the honey, and mix. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

Enema of Turpentine (Br.). 

Take of Oil of turpentine 1 ounce. 

Mucilage of starch 15 ounces. 

Mix. 

Ointment of Turpentine (Br., Ger.). 

Take of Oil of turpentine 1 drachm. 

Besin 60 grains. 

Yellow wax £ ounce. 

Prepared lard | ounce. 

Melt together on a water-bath, and stir until cool. 

This closely resembles Liniment of Turpentine, U. S. The German Phar- 
macopoeia employs equal parts of turpentine, oil of turpentine, and yellow 
wax. 

Emulsions of Turpentine. 

Take of Oil of turpentine 1 drachm. 

Expressed oil of almonds £ ounce. 

Tincture of opium. 2 drachms. 

Mucilage of gum arabic 5 drachms. 

Cherry-laurel water J ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every three, four, or six hours, in chronic in- 
testinal catarrh. Bartholow. 






BITTER OF CACAO CROTON OIL. 281 

Take of Oil of turpentine 3 drachms. 

Fluid extract of digitalis 1 drachm. 

Mucilage of gum arabic £ ounce. 

Peppermint water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every three hours, in passive hemorrhages. 

Bartholow. 

Take of Oil of turpentine 3 drachms. 

Tincture of opium 3 drachms. 

Gum arabic 3 drachms. 

AYhite sugar .' 3 drachms. 

Peppermint water 3 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachni every four hours, in acute dysentery. 

N. S. Davis. 

Mixtuke of Turpentine and Ether. 

Take of Oil of turpentine 3 drachms. 

Sulphuric ether 2 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 30 minims night and morning, in biliary calculus. 

Durand. 



OLEUM THEOBROMINE (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— OIL OF THEO- 
BKOMA— BUTTER OF CACAO. 

Obtained from the kernels of the seeds of Theobromae Cacao, L. (Nat. 
ord., Sterculiacece), a tree indigenous to Central and South America, where 
it is extensively cultivated for the manufacture of chocolate. 

Butter of cacao is a yellowish-white fat, solid at ordinary temperatures, 
but melting readily at the temperature of the human body, and possess- 
ing the agreeable odor of chocolate. It is used as an emollient dressing 
for cracked nipples, chafed and excoriated surfaces, etc., and in the prep- 
aration of suppositories. 



OLEUM TIGLII (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CROTON OIL. 

The fixed oil obtained from the seeds of Croton Tiglium, L. (Nat. ord., 
Euphorbiacece), a small tree indigenous to the Malabar Coast and Tavoy, 
but cultivated in many Eastern countries. 

Croton oil is a transparent, amber-colored lrcniid, of a slightly rancid 
odor, and an acrid, oily taste. It is a drastic purgative, and in over-doses 
may produce death. It is chiefly used in cases of great urgency. Exter- 



282 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

nally it is employed as a counter-irritant in cases where it is desired to keep 
up irritation for some time, as in pleurisy with effusion, phthisis, etc. 
Dose : \ to 2 minims. 

Liniment of Croton Oil (Br.). 

Take of Croton oil 1 ounce. 

Oil of cajuput 3-j- ounces. 

Bectified spirit . 3 J ounces. 

Mix. 

Pells of Croton Oel. 

Take of Croton oil 2 drops. 

Crumb of bread sufficient. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Dissolve the oil in a little alcohol, form a mass with bread, and divide 
into 4 pills. 

Dose : 1 every hour or two. Stille. 

Pnxs of Croton Oil and Colocynth. 

Take of Croton oil 3 drops. 

Compound extract of colocynth 20 grains. 

Extract of belladonna 3 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 6 pills. Bartholow. 

Compound Llndient of Croton Oil. 

Take of Croton oil 2 drachms. 

Olive oil, 

Oil of turpentine, 

"Water of ammonia, 

Spirit of camphor, each equal parts, sufficient 

to make 2 ounces. 

Mix. Hospital Formulary. 

Croton Oil Patnt. 
Take of Croton oil % drachm. 

Ether 1 drachm. 

Compound tincture of iodine 2^ drachms. 

Mix. 

Used in pleurisy with effusion. Corson. 



OPIUM (U. S. etal. Ph.)— OPIUM. 

The concrete juice of the unripe capsules of Papaver somniferum, L. 
(Nat. ord., Papaver acece), an annual plant which has been cultivated in the 
East from the earliest times. Some varieties of the opium poppy are cul- 
tivated in the United States, and have yielded a fair article of opium. 

Opium occurs in commerce as a dark chestnut-colored mass, of a pecu- 



opium. 283 

Bar and not disagreeable odor, and of a bitter, slightly acrid taste. It con- 
tains a variety oi chemical constituents, but the most important one is the 
alkaloid morphia. This, when isolated, is in colorless crystals, without 
odor, but having a bitter taste. 

Other alkaloids, as narceia, codeia, nareotina, etc., are separated from the 
drug, and have some commercial and medicinal importance. 

Opium is our most valuable narcotic. It is used for the relief of pain in 
nearly all circumstances and in all diseases. Its primary action is stimu- 
lant, quickly followed, however, by a sedative effect. Depending upon the 
indications, it may be used as a diaphoretic, a sedative, an anodyne, a hyp- 
notic, to check mucous discharges, etc. 

The salts of morphia are largely used instead of opium, producing es- 
sentially the same effects. 

Dose : £ to 2 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Acetum Opii (U. S.) — Vinegar of Opium — Black Drop. 

Take of Opium, dried 5 ounces. 

Nutmeg 1 ounce. 

Sugar 8 ounces. 

Diluted acetic acid sufficient. 

Macerate the opium and nutmeg in 1 pint of diluted acetic acid for 
twenty-four hours, then percolate until 26 ounces are obtained. In this, 
dissolve the sugar, strain, and add sufficient diluted acid to make the 
finished product 2 pints. 

Dose : 5 to 10 minims. 

Confeetio Opii (U. S., Br.)— Confection of Opium. 

Take of Opium 270 grains. 

Aromatic powder 6 ounces. 

Clarified honey (by weight) 14 ounces. 

Bub the opium with the aromatic powder, then add the honey, and beat 
the whole together. 

Dose : 5 to 36 grains. The British preparation is about one-fourth 
stronger. 

Emplastrum Opii (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Opium Plaster. 

Take of Extract of opium • 1 ounce. 

Burgundy pitch 3 ounces. 

Lead plaster 12 ounces. 

"Water sufficient. 

Mix the extract with 3 ounces of water, and evaporate on a water-bath 
to \\ ounce ; add the pitch and plaster, and continue the heat, stirring con- 
stantly, until the moisture is evaporated. 



284 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Extractum Opii (TJ. S. et al. Ph.) — Extract of Opium. 

Take of Opium 12 ounces. 

Water 5 pints. 

Macerate the opium in 1 pint of water for twenty-four hours, and ex- 
press the liquid. Treat it in like manner with each of the 4 pints of water 
remaining, mix the liquids, filter, and evaporate to a proper consistence. 

Dose : £ to \ grain. 

Pilulse Opii (U. S.)— Pills of Opium. 

Take of Opium 24 grains. 

Soap 6 grains. 

Beat together with water, and divide into 24 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill. 

See also Pilula Saponis Composita. 

Suppositoria Opii (TJ. S.) — Suppositories of Opium. 

Take of Extract of opium 12 grains. 

Oil of theobroma 348 grains. 

Water sufficient. 

Eub the extract into a smooth paste with water, then mix with 1 
drachm of the oil, and having melted the remainder and cooled it to 95°, 
mix all together, and pour into moulds, forming 12 suppositories. 



Tinetura Opii (TJ. S. et al. Ph. ) — Tincture of Opium — Laudanum. 

Take of Opium, dried and in powder 2^ ounces. 

Water 1 pint. 

Alcohol 1 pint. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Macerate the opium with the water for three days, then add the alcohol 
and continue the maceration three days longer. Introduce into a perco- 
lator, and pour on diluted alcohol until 2 pints are obtained. 

Dose : 5 to 20 minims. The French Codex employs 1 part of extract 
of opium with 12 parts of alcohol (60 per cent.). 

Tinetura Opii Aeetata (TJ. S.)— Acetated Tincture of Opium. 

Take of Opium, dried and in powder 2 ounces. 

Distilled vinegar 12 ounces. 

Alcohol | pint. 

Eub the opium with the vinegar, add the alcohol, macerate seven days, 
and filter. 

Dose : 5 to 20 minims. 



opium. 285 

Tinetura Opii Camphorata (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Camphorated Tincture of 
Opium — Paregoric Elixir. 

Take of Opium, dried and in powder 60 grains. 

Benzoic acid 60 grains. 

Camphor 40 grains. 

Oil of anise 60 grains. 

Clarified honey (by weight) 2 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol 2 pints. 

MW the ingredients, macerate seven days, and filter. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. Compound Tincture of Camphor, Br. 

Tinetura Opii Deodorata (U. S.) — Deodorized Tincture of Opium. 

Take of Opium, "dried and in powder 2-J ounces. 

Ether | pint. 

Alcohol ^ pint. 

Water sufficient. 

Macerate the opium with J pint of water for twenty-four hours, and ex- 
press ; repeat the operation twice with a like quantity of water. Mix the 
liquids, evaporate to 4 ounces, and shake in a bottle with the ether. Decant 
the ethereal solution, evaporate the remaining liquid until free from ether, 
then mix with 20 ounces of water, filter, and add sufficient water through 
the filter to make 1J pint. Lastly, add the alcohol. 

Dose : 5 to 25 minims. A substitute for McMunn's Elixir, which it very 
much resembles. 

VinumOpii (U. S., Br.)— Wine of Opium. 

Take of Opium, dried and in powder 2 ounces. 

Cinnamon 60 grains. 

Cloves 60 grains. 

Sherry wine sufficient. 

Macerate the powders in 15 ounces of the wine for seven days, transfer 
to a percolator, pour on wine until 1 pint is obtained. 

Dose : 4 to 16 minims. The British preparation contains 1 ounce of 
extract of opium in 20 fluid ounces of sherry. 

Enema of Opium (Br.). 

Take of Tincture of opium J drachm. 

Mucilage of starch 2 ounces. 

Mix. 

Liquid Extract of Opium (Br.). 

Take of Extract of opium 1 ounce. 

Distilled water 16 ounces. 

Rectified spirit 4 ounces. 

Macerate the extract in the water for an hour, add the spirit, and filter. 
Dose : .10 to 40 minims. 



286 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Glycerite of Opium (Fr.). 

Take of Extract of opium 10 parts. 

Glycerite of starch 100 parts. 

Mix. 

Liniment of Opium (Br.). 
Take of Tincture of opium 2 ounces. 

Liniment of soap 2 ounces. 

Mix. 

Opium Lozenges (Br.). 

Take of Extract of opium 72 grains. 

Tincture of tolu ^ ounce. 

Refined sugar 16 ounces. 

Gum arabic 2 ounces. 

Extract of liquorice 6 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Soften the extract with a little water, then add to the tincture of tolu 
and extract of liquorice heated on a water-bath. When reduced to a 
proper consistence, add the gum and sugar, and divide into 720 lozenges. 

Dose : 1 to 6 lozenges. 

Compound Powder of Opium (Br.). 

Take of Opium 1^ ounce. 

Black pepper 2 ounces. 

Ginger 5 ounces. 

Caraway 6 ounces. 

Tragacanth ^ ounce. 

Mix thoroughly. Dose : 2 to 5 grains. 

Ammoniated Tincture of Opium (Br.). 

Take of Opium 100 grains. 

Saffron 180 grains. 

Benzoic acid 180 grains. 

Oil of anise 1 drachm. 

Strong solution of ammonia 4 ounces. 

Rectified spirit 16 ounces. 

Macerate seven days, strain, press, filter, and add sufficient spirit to 
make 20 ounces. 

Dose : ^ to 1 drachm. 

Tincture of Opdjm and Saffron (Ger., Fr.) — Sydenham's Laudanum. 

Take of Opium 16 parts. 

Saffron 6 parts. 

Cloves 1 part. 

Cassia bark 1 part. 

Sherry wine 152 parts. 

Prepare the tincture by digestion. 

Dose : 5 to 20 minims. Compound Wine of Opium, Fr. 



opium. 287 

Opium Water (Ger.). 

Take of Opium 1 parts. 

Water 10 parts. 

Distil 5 parts. 

Syrup of Opium (Fi\, Ger.). 

Take of Extract of opium 1 part. 

Distilled water 8 parts. 

Syrup 990 parts. 

Dissolve the extract iu the water, filter, and mix with the syrup. The 
German Pharmacopoeia directs to dissolve the extract in white wine. 

Opium Ointment (Ger.). 

Take of Extract of opium 1 part. 

Distilled water 1 part. 

Wax ointment 18 parts. 

Rub the extract with the water, then mix with the ointment. 

Collyrium of Opium (Fr.). 

Take of Extract of opium 1 part. 

Distilled rose water 500 parts. 

•Mix. 

COLLYRIA OF OPIUM AND ZlNC. 

Take of Sulphate of zinc 2 grains. 

Tincture of opiuin 20 minims. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. King's College Hospital. 

Take of Sulphate of zinc 4 grains. 

Acetate of lead 4 grains. 

Wine of opium \ ounce. 

Rose water 4 ounces. 

Mix, and filter. Used in conjunctivitis. 

Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled. 

Enema of Opium and Lead. 

Take of Tincture of opium 20 minims. 

Acetate of lead 9 grains. 

Diluted acetic acid 15 minims. 

Distilled water 3 ounces. 

Mix. London Fever Hospital. 

Lotion of Opium. 

Take of Extract of opium 3 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Guy's Hospital. 



288 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Lotions of Lead and Opium. 

Take of Acetate of lead 4 grains. 

Opium, in powder 4 grains. 

Warm water 1 ounce. 

Mix. London Fever Hospital. 

Take of Extract of opium 1 grain. 

Diluted solution of subacetate of lead 1 ounce. 

Mix. St. Bartholomew's Hospital. 

Infusion of Opium. 

Take of Opium 1 drachm. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Mix. Applied hot, is an excellent application to inflamed joints, in- 
flamed testicle, etc. Bartholow. 

Mixtures of Opium, Rhubarb, and Camphor. 

Take of Tincture of opium J drachm. 

Aromatic tincture of rhubarb \ drachm. 

Spirit of camphor -^ drachm. 

Compound tincture of cardamom 2 drachms. 

Anise water 4 ounces. • 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm, for children, in diarrhoea. 

G. H Swezey. 

Take of Tincture of opium 1 part. 

Tincture of capsicum 1 part. 

Aromatic tincture of rhubarb 1 part. 

Spirit of peppermint 1 part. 

Spirit of camphor 1 part. 

Mix. Dose : 20 to 40 minims, in diarrhoea. 

Ruschenberger. 

Squtbb's Cholera Mixture. 

Take of Tincture of opium 1 ounce. 

Tincture of capsicum 1 ounce. 

Spirit of camphor 1 ounce. 

Chloroform 3 drachms. 

Alcohol to 5 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 20 to 40 minims. 

Mixture of Opium, Catechu, and Chalk. 

Take of Camphorated tincture of opium 2 drachms. 

Tincture of catechu 2 drachms. 

Chalk mixture 3J ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm, for children. New York Dispensary. 



PAKEIRA BRAVA PUMPKIN SEED. 289 



PAREIRA (U. S., Br., Fr.)— PAREIRA BRAYA. 

The root oi' Chonodendron tomentosum, Euiz et Pav. (Nat. ord., Meni- 

climbing shrub indigenous to Brazil and Peru. 
Pareira is tonic and diuretic. Used in chronic diseases of the urinary 

organs. 

Dose : .V to 2 drachms. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Extraetum Pareine Fluidum (U. S., Br.)— Fluid Extract of Pareira 

Brava 

T;ike of Pareira brava 16 ounces. 

G lycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the 
] ira with -4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161. 

Dose : A to 2 drachms. 



Infusum Pareirae (U. S., Br.) — Infusion of Pareira Brava. 

Take of Pareira brava , 1 ounce. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 



Macerate for two hours in a covered vessel, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. Decoction of Pareira, Br. 



PEPO (U. S.)— PUMPKIN SEED. 



The seeds of Cucurbita pepo, L. (Nat. ord.,. Cucurbitacece), the common 
pumpkin. 

Pumpkin seeds are used for the expulsion of tape-worm, and are among 
the most efficient agents for this purpose. 

They may be administered in the following manner : From 1 to 2 
ounces of pumpkin seed, deprived of their outer envelope, are beaten into 
a paste with sugar, and, diluted with water or milk, are taken after a fast 
of twenty-four hours. After three or four hours, a dose of castor-oil 
should be administered. Stille. 

19 






290 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



PEPSIN UM (Br., Fr.)— PEPSIN. 

A peculiar digestive principle obtained from the mucous lining of the 
stomach of the pig, sheep, calf, or other warm-blooded animals. 

Used as an aid to digestion in a great variety of disorders, as convales- 
cence from febrile diseases, dyspepsia, ulcer of the stomach, infantile diar- 
rhoea, etc. 

Dose : % to 5 grains. « 

PREPARATIONS. 

Sacchakated Pepsin. 

Take of Pepsin, fresh and moist at will. 

Sugar of milk sufficient. 

Mix in such proportions that 10 parts of it, dissolved in 150 parts of 
water and 3 parts of hydrochloric acid, will dissolve at least 120 parts of 
egg-albumen, at a temperature of 104°, in five or six hours. 

Dose : 5 to 15 grains. Report of Am. Ph. Ass'n. 

Liquid Pepsin. 

Take of Pepsin 64 grains. 

Water 2-J ounces. 

Hydrochloric acid |- drachm. 

Glycerin 1^ ounce. 

Mix and filter. Hospital Formulary. 

Take of Pepsin 2 drachms. 

Diluted hydrochloric acid 1 drachm. 

Mint water 3 ounces. 

Mix, filter, and add of syrup of orange peel 1 ounce. 

Dose : \ ounce in an equal quantity of water directly after eating. 
For indigestion, sense of oppression and flatulence after eating. 

" One of the most successful and most agreeable prescriptions that I have 
ever devised." Fordyce Bother. 



PHOSPHORUS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— PHOSPHORUS. 

A non-metallic element which exists in many minerals, and in the tis- 
sues of animals and plants. It is extracted on a large scale from bones, in 
which it exists as phosphate of calcium.* 

Phosphorus is a stimulant to the nervous system, and is used in ner- 
vous exhaustion, neuralgia, etc. 

Dose : j±-$ to -^ grain. It is never administered in substance. 



CALABAR BEA^. 291 



PREPARATIONS. 



cr 



Phosphorated Oil. 

Take of Phosphorus 1 part. 

Cod-liver oil 99 parts. 

Introduce the oil into a bottle fitted with a cork perforated with two 
glass tubes, one reaching nearly to the surface of the oil. Pass a current 
of dry carbonic acid through the bottle until all air is expelled, then 
quickly introduce the phosphorus, cork tight, and gently heat on a water- 
bath until solution is effected. Transfer to 1-ounce bottles, which have 
been rinsed with ether, and not dried, and preserve in a cool, dark place. 

Sq uibb's formula, abbre mated. 
Dose : 1 too grains, administered in cod-liver oil. 

Phosphorus Pill (Br.). 

Take of Phosphorus 2 grains. 

Balsam of tolu 120 grains. 

Yellow wax 60 grains. 

Put the phosphorus and balsam into a wedgewood mortar half full of 
hot water, rub together until no particles of phosphorus are visible, the 
temperature being kept at 140°. Add the wax, and as it softens, mix with 
the other ingredients. Cool without exposure to the air, and keep in a 
bottle immersed in cold water. It may be softened with a few drops of al- 
cohol when made into pills. 
Dose : 3 to 6 grains. 



PHYSOSTIGMA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CALABAK BEAN. 

The seed of Physostigma venenosum, Balfour (Nat. ord., Leguminosce), 
a woody, climbing -vine indigenous to Western Africa. 

In full doses Calabar bean produces giddiness and drowsiness, with pal- 
lor and coolness of the skin, weak pulse, relaxation of the muscles, and con- 
traction of the pupil. It has been used with success in chorea, trauma- 
tic tetanus, poisoning with strychnia, etc. 

Its active principle, physostigmia, or eserina, is used in ophthalmic prac- 
tice to contract the pupils. 

Dose : 1 to 3 grains. 

PREPARATION. 
Extractum Physostigmatis (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Extract of Calabar Bean 

Take of Calabar bean, in powder 12 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Macerate the powder in 12 ounces of alcohol for four days, then perco- 
late until 2 pints are obtained, or the bean is exhausted. Distil off most 
of the alcohol, then evaporate to a proper consistence. 

Dose : -fa to J grain. 



292 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



PILOCAKPtTS— JABORANDI. 

The leaves of Pilocarpus pennatifolius, Leniaire (Nat. ord., Rutacece), a 
shrub growing in the eastern provinces of Brazil. 

Jaborandi is a very powerful diaphoretic and sialagogue. It has been 
employed in a great variety of cases, but its most beneficial effects have 
been obtained in the dropsy of Bright's disease, pleuritic effusion, etc. Its 
active principle, termed pilocarpina, or its salts, may be used hypodermi- 
cally. 



Dose : 5 to 60 grains. 



PREPARATION. 



Tincture of Jaborandi. 

Take of Jaborandi 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 5 parts. 

Dose : J- to 2 drachms. J. P. Remington, Report Am. Ph. Ass'n. 



PIMENTA (U. S., Br., Fr.)— PIMEXTO— ALLSPICE. 

The unripe berries of Eugenia pimenta, DC. (Nat. ord., Myrtacece), an 
evergreen tree indigenous to the West Indies, Central and South America, 
but cultivated in other tropical regions. 

Allspice is aromatic and stimulant, but is rarely used except as a condi- 
ment and flavoring agent. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Oleum Pimentas (U. S., Br.)— Oil of Pimento. 
The oil obtained from pimento by distillation. 
Dose : 1 to 5 minims. 

Pimento Water (Br.). 

Take of Pimento 14 ounces. 

Water 2 gallons. 

Distil 1 gallon. Used as a vehicle. 



PIPER (IT. S., Br.)— BLACK PEPPER. 

The unripe berries of Piper nigrum, L. (Not. ord., Piperacece), a climb- 
ing shrub indigenous to India, but cultivated in both the East and West 
Indies. 

Pepper is a carminative and stimulant. Used as an adjunct to other 
remedies, and as a condiment. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 



BURGUNDY PITCH. 293 

PREPARATIONS. 
Oieoresina Piperis (U. S.) — Oleoresin of Black Pepper. 

Take of Black pepper 12 ounces. 

Ether sufficient. 

Percolate the pepper with ether until 20 ounces have passed, distil off 
most of the ether, evaporate the remainder, and when the deposition of 
piperin has ceased, strain and express. 

Dose : 1 to 2 minims. 

Confection of Pepper (Br.). 
Take of Black pepper 2 ounces. 

Caraway 3 ounces. 

Clarified honey (by weight) 15 ounces. 

Rub well together. 
Dose : GO to 120 grains. 



PIX BUKGUOTHCA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— BURGUNDY PITCH. 

The prepared concrete exudation of Abies excelsa, DC. (Nat. ord., 
Caniferas), the spruce fir tree of Northern Europe. 

Burgundy pitch is a gentle rubefacient, rarely producing more than 
slight inflammation and serous effusion. It is used in the form of plasters, 
in chronic and subacute rheumatism, lumbago, etc. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Emplastrum Pieis Burgundieae (U. S., Fr.) — Burgundy Pitch Plaster. 

Take of Burgundy pitch 72 ounces. 

Yellow wax 6 ounces. 

Melt together, strain, and stir while cooling. 

The French Codex employs 1 part of wax with 3 of pitch. 

Emplastrum Pieis cum Cantharide (U. S.) — Plaster of Pitch with 

Cantharides. 

Take of Burgundy pitch 48 ounces. 

Cerate of cantharides 4 ounces. 

Heat the cerate to 212°, strain, add the pitch, melt, and stir while 
cooling. 

Pitch Plaster (Br.). 

Take of Burgundy pitch 26 ounces. 

Common frankincense 13 ounces. 

Besin 4-| ounces. 

Yellow wax , 4| ounces. 

Expressed oil of nutmeg 1 ounce. 

Olive oil. 2 ounces. 

Water 2 ounces. 

Add the oils and the water to the other ingredients, previously melted 
together, then, constantly stirring, evaporate to a proper consistence. 



294 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



PIX LIQLTIDA (XL S. et al. Ph.)— TAR. 

An impure turpentine obtained from Pinus palustris, L. and other 
species of pine, (Nat. ord,, Coniferce), by burning the wood in pits covered 
with earth to prevent the access of air. It is a complex body, containing 
resin, pyroligneous acid, oil of tar, etc., and produces, besides the general 
effects of the turpentine, others due to these latter principles. It is em- 
ployed internally in chronic catarrhal affections, and externally in a variety 
of cutaneous diseases. 

Dose : 10 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Grlyeeritum Picis Liquidae (U. S.) — Glycerite of Tar. 

Take of Tar 1 ounce. 

Carbonate of magnesium 2 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol 2 ounces. 

Water 10 ounces. 

Mix the glycerin, alcohol, and water ; rub the tar first with the carbo- 
nate of magnesium, then with 6 ounces of the mixed liquids added gradu- 
ally, and strain. Rub the residue with half the remaining liquid, and 
strain as before. Repeat the process with the remaining liquid. Finally, 
percolate the residue with the expressed liquids previously mixed, and add 
sufficient water to make 1 pint. 

Dose : ^ to 2 drachms. 

Infusum Pieis Liquidae (U. S., Ger.) — Infusion of Tar — Tar Water. 

Take of Tar 1 pint. 

Water 4 pints. 

Mix, and shake the mixture frequently during twenty-four hours, then 
decant and filter. 

Dose : 2 to 4 ounces. 

Unguentum Pieis Liquidae (U. S., Fr.)— Tar Ointment. 

Take of Tar 12 ounces. 

Suet 12 ounces. 

Melt the suet, add the tar, strain, and stir while cooling. 

Oil or Tar. 
An empyreumatic volatile oil obtained in the distillation of tar. 
Used externally. 



LEAD ACETATE OF LEAD. 295 

Inhalation of Tar. 

Take of Infusion of tar 1 to 4 ounces. 

Water 8 ounces. 

Mix. 

Stimulant. Used by means of an atomizer. G. 31. Lejferts. 

Lotion of Tar. 

Take of Tar . 1 ounce. 

Alcohol 1 ounce. 

Soft soap 1 ounce. 

Mix. Used in eczema. Tilbury Fox. 



PLUMBUM— LEAD. 
PLUMBI ACETAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— ACETATE OF LEAD. 

Prepared by dissolving oxide of lead in acetic acid, evaporating, and 
crystallizing. 

Acetate of lead is in colorless crystals, which effloresce in the air, and 
have an acetous odor, and a sweetish, astringent taste. It is used as an 
astringent in haemoptysis and other hemorrhages, and in dysentery and 
diarrhoea. Topically it is employed as a styptic, as an injection in gon- 
orrhoea and leucorrhcea, as a lotion in bruises, sprains, etc. 

Dose : J to 3 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Ceratum Plumbi Subaeetatis (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Cerate of Subace- 

tate of Lead — Goulard's Cerate. 

Take of Solution of subacetate of lead 2^ ounces. 

White wax 4 ounces. 

Olive oil (by weight) 8 ounces. 

Camphor 30 grains. 

Mix the wax, previously melted, with 7 ounces of the oil, and, while 
cooling, stir in the solution of lead. Then add the camphor, previously 
dissolved in the remainder of the oil, and mix. Or, 

Take of Cerate 350 grains. 

Olive oil 50 grains. 

Solution of subacetate of lead 1 J drachm. 

Liniment of camphor 12 grains. 

Mix. 



296 MEDICAL FOKMULARY. 

Linimentum Plumbi Subacetatis (TJ. S.) — Liniment of Subacetate of 

Lead. 

Take of Solution of subacetate of lead (by weight) .... 2 ounces. 

Olive oil (by weight) 3 ounces. 

Mix. 

Liquor Plumbi Subacetatis (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Solution of Subacetate 
of Lead — Goulard's Extract. 

Take of Acetate of lead 16 ounces. 

Oxide of lead 9^- ounces. 

Boiling water sufficient. 

Put the acetate and oxide into 4 pints of boiling water in a glass or 
porcelain vessel, and boil for half an hour, adding boiling water to preserve 
the measure, then filter. Used externally. 

Liquor Plumbi Subacetatis Dilutus (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Diluted Solu- 
tion of Subacetate of Lead — Lead Water. 

Take of Solution of subacetate of lead (by weight) 3 drachms. 

Distilled water 1 pint. . 

Mix. Used externally. 

Suppositoria Plumbi (U. S.) — Suppositories of Lead. 

Take of Acetate of lead 36 grains. 

Oil of theobroma 324 grains. 

Mix the acetate with 60 grains of the oil, and having melted the re- 
mainder and cooled it to 95°, mix all together, and pour into suitable 
moulds, forming 12 suppositories. 

Suppositoria Plumbi et Opii (U. S., Br.) — Suppositories of Lead and 

Opium. 

Take of Acetate of lead 36 grains. 

Extract of opium 6 grains. 

Oil of theobroma .318 grains. 

Water sufficient. 

Bub the acetate and extract into a smooth paste with a few drops of 
water, then mix with 60 grains of the oil, and proceed as in the preceding 
preparation, forming 12 suppositories. 

The British Pharmacopoeia employs a mixture of benzoated lard, white 
wax, and oil of theobroma as an excipient, and terms them Compound Lead 
Suppositories. 

Pill of Lead and Opium (Br.). 

Take of Acetate of lead 36 grains. 

Opium 6 grains. 

Confection of roses 6 grains. 

Beat them into a uniform mass. 
Dose : 3 to 5 grains. 



LEAD ACETATE OF LEAD. 297 



Take of Acetate of lead 12 grains. 

Benzoated lard 1 ounce. 



Ointment of Acetate of Lead (Br.). 
< 
U 

Mix thoroughly. 

Injections of Lead. 

Take of Solution of subacetate of lead i to 1 ounce. 

T\ ater 1 to 6 ounces. 

Mix. In gonorrhoea. Bumstead. 

Take of Acetate of lead 30 grains. 

Sulphate of zinc 25 grains. 

Tincture of catechu 1 drachm. 

Wine of opium 1 drachm. 

Eose water 6 ounces. 

Mix. In gonorrhoea. Ricord. 

Take of Diluted solution of subacetate of lead 4 ounces. 

Sulphate of zinc 8 grains. 

Mix. In gonorrhoea. Bartholow. 

Lotions of Lead. 
Take of Acetate of lead 5 to 10 grains. 

Diluted hydrochloric acid ^ to 2 drachms. 

Water 6 ounces. 

Mix. In eczematous and lichenous affections. Tilbury Fox. 



Take of Acetate of lead 15 grains. 

Diluted hydrocyanic acid 20 minims. 

Alcohol ■£■ ounce. 

Water to 6 ounces. 

Mix. In impetigo. Tilbury Fox. 

Mtxtuee of Lead. 

Take of Acetate of lead 8 grains. 

Acetic acid 6 drops. 

Deodorized tincture of opium 4 drops. 

Distilled water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every two, three, or four hours, for a child of 
two years of age. In summer diarrhoea. Bartholow. 

Powder of Lead, Opdjm, and Camphor. 

Take of Acetate of lead 24 grains. 

Opium 12 grains. 

Camphor 30 grains. 

Sugar sufficient. 

Mix, and divide into 12 powders. 

Dose : One powder every hour or two, in choleraic diarrhoea. 

Bartholow. 



298 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

PLUMBI CARBONAS (U. S. et al. Ph.) CARBONATE OF 
LEAD— WHITE LEAD. 

Prepared on a large scale by exposing sheets of lead to the vapor of 
vinegar or pyroligneous acid. 

A heavy, white powder, insoluble in water. Used externally in skin 
diseases, as erythema, erysipelas, and intertrigo, and as an application to 
superficial bums and scalds. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Unguentum Plumbi Carbonatis (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Ointment of Car- 
bonate of Lead. 

Take of Carbonate of lead 60 grains. 

Ointment 420 grains. 

Mix. 

The British preparation is almost identical with this ; the French is 
made in the proportion of 1 part of the carbonate to 5 of lard, and the 
German 1 to 2. 

Camphorated Ointment of White Lead (Ger.). 

Take of Camphor 5 parts. 

Ointment of white lead 100 parts. 

Mix. 

Ointment of Carbonate of Lead, with Glycerin. 

Take of Carbonate of lead 4 grains. 

Glycerin 1 drachm. 

Cerate 1 ounce. 

Mix. Used in erythema. Tilbury Fox. 



PLUMBI IODIDUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— IODIDE OF LEAD. 

Take of Nitrate of lead 4 ounces. 

Iodide of potassium 4 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

With the aid of heat dissolve the nitrate in 1J pint of distilled water, 
and the iodide in \ pint, and mix the solutions. Decant the supernatant 
liquid, wash, and dry the precipitate with a gentle heat. 

A bright yellow, heavy, inodorous powder, sparingly soluble in cold 
water. 

Occasionally used internally as an alterative, but chiefly employed ex- 
ternally in skin diseases. 

Dose : 4- to 4 grains. 



NITRATE OF LEAD OXIDE OF LEAD. 299 

PREPARATIONS. 

Unguentum Plumbi Iodidi (U. S., Br., Fr.)— Ointmeut of Iodide of 

Lead. 

Take of Iodide of lead 60 grains. 

Ointment 420 grains. 

Mix. 

The French Codex employs 1 part of iodide of lead with 9 parts of ben- 
zoated lard. 

Iodide of Lead Plaster (Br.). 

Take of Iodide of lead 1 ounce. 

Soap plaster 4 ounces. 

Eesin plaster 4 ounces. 

Add the iodide to the plasters, previously melted, and mix. 



PLUMBI NITKAS (U. S., Br.)— X1TRATE OF LEAD. 

Prepared by dissolving lead in warm nitric acid, evaporating and crys- 
tallizing. Used externally as an application to cracks and excoriations of 
the nipples, ulcers, etc. 

Glycertte of Nitrate of Lead. 

Take of Nitrate of lead 10 to 20 grains. 

Glycerin : 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. For sore nipples. 

After nursing, the nipple should be carefully wiped, and the solution 
applied freely. It should be washed off before the child is again put to 
the breast, Fordyce Barker. 



PLUMBI OXIDUM (17. S. et al. Ph.)— OXIDE OF LEAD— 

LITHAKGE. 

Prepared by passing a current of air over melted lead heated to dull 
redness. 

Litharge occurs as a yellowish or pale red powder, insoluble in water. 
Used externally in the form of lead plaster, and occasionally as an applica- 
tion to burns, etc. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Emplastrum Plumbi (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Lead Plaster. 

Take of Oxide of lead 30 ounces. 

Olive oil (by weight) 56 ounces. 

Water sufficient. 



300 3IEDICAL FOKMULAKY. 

Rub the oxide with half its weight of the oil ; add the mixture to the 
remainder of the oil, contained in a vessel of a capacity equal to twice the 
bulk of the ingredients. Add \ pint of boiling water, and boil until a 
plaster is formed, adding from time to time a little boiling water, to pre- 
serve the measure. 

The French Codex and German Pharmacopoeia employ equal parts of 
litharge, olive oil, and lard. 

Compound Lead Plaster (Ger.). 

Take of Lead plaster 24 parts. 

Yellow wax 3 parts. 

Ammoniac 2 parts. 

Galbanum 2 parts. 

Turpentine 2 parts. 

Melt the plaster and wax together, and, when partially cooled, add the 
other ingredients, previously melted. 

Soft Lead Plaster (Ger.). 

Take of Lead plaster 3 parts. 

Lard 2 parts. 

Suet 1 part. 

Yellow wax 1 part. 

Melt together, and strain. 

Hebra's OrxTMEXT or Lead (Ger.). 

Take of Lead plaster 1 part. 

Linseed oil 1 part. 

Mix. 



PODOPHYLLUM (U. S., Br.)— MAY-APPLE— MANDRAKE. 

The rhizome and rootlets of Podophyllum peltatum, L. (Nat. ord., 
Berberidacece), an herbaceous perennial indigenous to North America. 

Podophyllum is a drastic cathartic, acting particularly upon the upper 
portion of the alimentary canal, increasing the biliary secretion, and causing 
considerable pain. 

Its active principles reside in a resin (Besina Podophylli) which is gen- 
erally employed instead of the crude drug. 

Dose : 5 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extraetum Podophylli ((U. S.)— Extract of May-Apple. 

Take of May-apple 12 ounces. 

Alcohol 2 pints. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Percolate the May-apple with the alcohol, continuing the process with 
diluted alcohol until 2 pints have passed. Set this aside, and continue 



POTASSIUM CAUSTIC POTASH. 301 

the percolation until 2 pints more are obtained. Distil off the alcohol 
from the tinctures until they have been brought to the consistence of honey, 
then mix them, and evaporate to a proper consistence. 
Dose : 5 to 15 grains. 

Resina Podophylli (U. S., Br.)— Eesin of May-Apple— Podophyllum 

Take of May-apple 16 ounces. 

Hydrochloric acid 2 drachms. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Macerate the May-apple with 1 £>int of alcohol for four days, then per- 
colate until 21 ounces have passed. Distil off the alcohol until the tincture 
is reduced to (] ounces, then add the residue to 7 pints of water, previously 
mixed with the acid, collect, wash, and dry the precipitate. 

Dose : J to J s grain. 

See also Formula in Report of Am. Ph. Assn. 

CoMrorxD Pills of Podophyllin (Res. Podophyl.). 

Take of Podophyllin 10 grains. 

Aloes 20 grains. 

Extract of belladonna 5 grains. 

Extract of nux vomica 5 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 20 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill at bedtime, in habitual constipation. E. G. Janeway. 

Take of Podophyllin 6 grains. 

Extract of belladonna 3 grains. 

Extract of Calabar bean 3 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 12 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill each night, in habitual constipation. Bartholow. 



POTASSIUM— POTASSIUM. 

POTASSA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— POTASSA— CAUSTIC POTASH. 

Take of solution of potassa, 8 pints. Evaporate rapidly in an iron ves- 
sel over the fire until ebullition ceases and the potassa melts. Pour into 
suitable moulds, and when cold, keep in a well-stopped bottle. 

Potassa occurs in white, cylindrical sticks, which are very deliquescent. 
It is a most energetic caustic, and is employed to destroy morbid growths, 
the virus of poisoned wounds, as the bites of venomous reptiles and rabid 
animals, etc. 



302 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Potassa cum Calce (U. S. ) — Potassa with Lime. 

Take of Potassa 1 ounce 

Lime . 1 ounce. 

Bub together into a powder, and keep it in a well-stopped bottle. 

Used as a caustic; it is milder and more manageable than potassa. 
Made into a paste with alcohol, when required for use, it constitutes the 
well-known Vienna Paste. 

Liquor Potassa^ (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Solution of Potassa. 

Take of Bicarbonate of potassium 15 ounces. 

Lime 9 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the bicarbonate in 4 pints of distilled water, and heat until 
effervescence ceases, adding water to make up the loss by evaporation. Mix 
the lime with 4 pints of distilled water, heat to the boiling-point, and mix 
with the potassium solution at the same temperature. Boil ten minutes, 
strain, and add sufficient distilled water to make 7 pints. Or, 

Take of Potassa 1 ounce. 

Distilled water 1 pint. 

Dissolve, allow the sediment to subside, then decant the clear liquid, 
and preserve in a well-stopped bottle. 

Dose : 5 to 20 minims. 

Used as an antacid, antilithic, and diuretic, but is, in general, less eligi- 
ble than the alkaline carbonates, on account of its irritant properties. 

The German preparation contains one-third of its weight of potassa. 

Lotion or Potassa. 

Take of Solution of potassa 1 drachm. 

Rose water 4 ounces. 

Mix. Apply with a soft sponge twice a day, in acne occurring in per- 
sons with a greasy skin, and prominent and black sebaceous follicles. 

Bartholow. 
Mixtures of Potassa. 

Take of Solution of potassa \ drachm. 

Infusion of columbo 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 2 drachms three times a day before meals, in atonic dys- 
pepsia. Bartholow. 

Take of Solution of potassa 8 parts. 

Extract of belladonna 1 part. 

Camphor water 120 parts. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm in a wineglass of water, three times a day. 
For irritable bladder. Daniel Lewis. 



ACETATE OF POTASSIUM ARSENITE OF POTASSIUM. 303 



POTASSII ACETAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— ACETATE OF POTAS- 
SIUM. 

Take of Acetic acid 1 pint. 

Bicarbonate of potassium sufficient. 

Add the bicarbonate gradually to the acid until it is neutralized, then 
evaporate cautiously on a sand-bath to dryness. 

It is a white, very deliquescent salt, of a pungent, saline taste, and 
wholly soluble in water and in alcohol. It is diuretic, and, in large doses, 
cathartic. Used in gout, rheumatism, dropsy, etc. 

Dose : 20 to 60 grains, diuretic ; 1 to 3 drachms, laxative. 

Mixtures of Acetate of Potassium. 

Take of Acetate of potassium 1 drachm. 

Tincture of digitalis J drachm. 

Syrup of squill 1 to 2 drachms. 

Syrup of ginger 5 drachms. 

Water to 3 ounces. 



Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every two or three hours, for children two or 
three years old. As a diuretic and febrifuge in scarlatinous dropsy. 

Meigs and Pepper. 

Take of Acetate of potassium 6 drachms. 

Wine of colchicum seed 3 drachms. 

Water to 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. In rheumatism. Hospital Formulary. 



POTASSII AESENITIS— ARSEKITE OF POTASSIUM. 

PREPARATION. 

Liquor Potassii Arsenitis (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Solution of Arsenite of Po- 
tassium — Fowler's Solution. 

Take of Arsenious acid 64 grains. 

Bicarbonate of potassium 64 grains. 

Compound spirit of lavender \ ounce. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Boil the acid and bicarbonate with J ounce of distilled water until the 
acid is dissolved, then add 12 ounces of distilled water, and afterward the 
spirit of lavender, and sufficient distilled water to make 1 pint. 

One ounce contains 4 grains of arsenic. 

Dose : 3 to 10 minims. Best administered simply diluted with water. 
It is one of the best of the arsenical preparations, and is employed in ahnost 
all cases to which arsenic is in any way applicable. See Arsenic. 



304 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



POTASSII BICARBONAS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— BICARBONATE 

OF POTASSIUM. 

Take of Carbonate of potassium 48 ounces. 

Distilled water 10 pints. 

Dissolve the carbonate in the water, and pass carbonic acid through the 
solution until it is saturated. Then filter, and evaporate, at or below 160°, 
until crystals form. Lastly, pour off the supernatant liquid, and dry the 
crystals on bibulous paper. 

Bicarbonate of potassium occurs in white, transparent crystals, of a 
feeble alkaline taste, and freely soluble in water. It is much pleasanter to 
the taste than carbonate of potassium, and is used for like purposes. 

Dose : 10 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATION. 

Effervescing Solution of Potash (Bicarbonate) (Br.). 

Take of Bicarbonate of potassium 30 grains. 

Water 20 ounces. 

Dissolve, filter, and pass as much carbonic acid into the solution as can 
be introduced with a pressure of seven atmospheres. Keep in bottles 
tightly closed. 

POTASSII BITARTRAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— BITARTRATE OF 
POTASSIUM— CREAM OF TARTAR. 

Crude tartar is deposited by grape juice during fermentation ; purified 
by re crystallization, it is the cream of tartar of commerce. 

It occurs as a crystalline powder, of a pleasant, acidulous taste, and re- 
quiring 200 parts of cold water for solution. 

Cream of tartar is diuretic, refrigerant, and laxative. Used in febrile 
diseases, for diuretic and refrigerant effect, and as a laxative in a variety of 
affections. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms, diuretic and laxative ; 2 to 8 drachms, purgative. 

See Pulvis Jalaptv Compositus, U. S., and Confection of Sulphur, Br. 



POTASSII BROMIDUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— BROMIDE OF 

POTASSIUM. 

Take of Bromine (by weight) 2 ounces. 

Iron, in filings 1 ounce. 

Pure carbonate of potassium 1,020 grains. 

Distilled water 4 pints. 

Add the iron, and afterward the bromine, to 14- pint of the water ; stir 
frequently for half an hour. Heat gently, and, when the liquid becomes 



BROMIDE OF POTASSIUM. 305 

greenish, add gradually the carbonate dissolved in 1-J- pint of the water, 
until it ceases to produce a precipitate. Continue the heat for half an 
hour, then niter. Wash the precipitate with the remainder of the water, 
boiling hot, and again filter. Mix the filtered liquids, evaporate and 
crystallize. Lastly, pour off the mother-water, and dry the crystals on 
bibulous paper. 

Bromide of potassium occurs in white crystals, of a pungent, saline 
taste, and freely soluble in water. It is antispasmodic, hypnotic, and sed- 
ative, and has an extremely wide range of usefulness, being employed in 
a great variety of nervous affections, as convulsions, epilepsy, whooping- 
cough, sleeplessness, headaches, vomiting from cerebral disturbance, 
tetanus, etc. 

Dose : 10 to 60 grains. 

Gargle of Bromide of Potassutm. 

Take of Bromide of potassium 1^ drachm. 

Glycerin 2 drachms. 

Water to 10 ounces. 

Mix. Sedative. G. M. Lefferts. 

Mixtures of Bromide of Potassium. 

Take of Bromide of potassium \ drachm. 

Fluid extract of conium 15 minims. 

Water to 1 drachm. 

Mix. One dose, to be taken thrice daily, in epilepsy. 

Hospital Formulary. 

Take of Bromide of potassium 1 ounce. 

Bromide of ammonium. £ ounce. 

Water 7 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. In epilepsy. E. G Seguin. 

Take of Bromide of potassium 1 ounce. 

Chloral ^ ounce. 

W 7 ater 7 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. In epilepsy. J. G. Shaw. 

Take of Bromide of potassium 6 drachms. 

Compound tincture of cinchona 2 ounces. 

Tincture of cinnamon 1 ounce. 

Syrup of orange peel 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm in a wineglass of sweetened water three times 
a day, commencing eight days before the expected appearance of the 
menses. For metrorrhagia at the climacteric, when not the result of or- 
ganic disease requiring surgical treatment. Fordyce Barker. 

The patient should also use suppositories of extract of ergot, which 
see. 

20 



306 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Bromide of potassium 1 ounce. 

Bromide of iron 6 grains. 

Water 6 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : \ ounce three times a day. Used in cases requiring both 
iron and a bromide. Bartholow. 

Take of Bromide of potassium 1 ounce. 

Iodide of potassium % ounce. 

Water 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm in water, every half-hour or hour, in spasmodic 
asthma. Bartholow. 



POTASSII CARBONAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CARBONATE OF 

POTASSIUM. 

Take of Impure carbonate of potassium 36 ounces. 

Water 2 J pints. 

Dissolve the carbonate in the water, filter, evaporate in an iron vessel 
over a gentle fire until it thickens, then remove from the fire and stir so as 
to form a granular salt. 

The impure carbonate (Potassii Carbonas Impura, U. S.)'is obtained by 
lixiviating wood ashes with water, and evaporating to dryness. 

Carbonate of potassium has a disagreeable alkaline taste, and is very 
deliquescent. Used as an antacid, antilithic, diuretic, etc 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATION. 
Potassii Carbonas Pura (U. S., Ger.) — Pure Carbonate of Potassium. 

Take of Bicarbonate of potassium , 12 ounces. 

Distilled water 12 ounces. 

Heat the bicarbonate gradually in an iron crucible until the water of 
crystallization is driven off, then raise the heat to redness, and maintain it for 
half an hour. Remove from the fire, cool, dissolve in the distilled water, 
filter and evaporate, as in the preceding preparation. 

Used for the same purposes as carbonate of potassium. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

POTASSII CHLORAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CHLORATE OF PO- 
TASSIUM. 

Prepared by passing chlorine through a solution of caustic potassa 
mixed with lime, filtering, evaporating, and crystallizing. 

Chlorate of potassium occurs in crystalline plates, of a cooling, saline 
taste, and soluble in 16 parts of cold water. 






CITRATE OF POTASSIUM. 307 

Used internally and topically in nearly all inflammatory and ulcerative 
affections of the mouth and throat, scarlatina, diphtheria, etc. 
Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATION. 

Trochisci Potassii Chloratis (U. S., Br., Fr.)— Troches of Chlorate of 

Potassium. 

Take of Chlorate of potassium 5 ounces. 

Sugar 18 ounces. 

Tragacanth 2 ounces. 

Vanilla. .- 30 grains. 

Rub the vanilla with a small quantity of the sugar into a uniform 
powder, then mix with the other powders, avoiding pressure. Then with 
water form a mass, to be divided into 480 troches. 

Each contains 5 grains of chlorate of potassium. 

Gargles of Chlorate of Potassium. 

Take of Chlorate of potassium £ to 2 drachms. 

Glycerin 2 drachms. 

Water to 10 ounces. 

Mix. G. M. Lefferts. 

Take of Chlorate of potassium 1 drachm. 

Carbolic acid ^ drachm. 

Distilled water 4 ounces. 

Mix. In ulcerous disease of the mouth, follicular pharyngitis, etc. 

Bartholoio. 

Mixture of Chlorate of Potassium. 

Take of Chlorate of potassium 1 to 2 drachms. 

Tincture of chloride of iron 2 drachms. 

Syrup 1 ounce. 

Water to 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm, every hour or two, in diphtheria. 
See also Mixtures of Tincture of Iron. 



POTASSII CITRAS (U. S., Br.)— CITRATE OF. POTASSIUM. 

Take of Citric acid 10 ounces. 

Bicarbonate of potassium 14 ounces. 

Water sufficient, 

Dissolve the acid in 1 pint of water, with the aid of a gentle heat, add 
the bicarbonate gradually, and when effervescence has ceased, filter, and 



308 MEDICAL FORMULAKY. 

evaporate to dryness, stirring constantly after a pellicle lias begun to form, 
until the salt granulates. 

It is a white, granular salt, of a slightly alkaline taste, and is very deli- 
quescent. Used as a diaphoretic and refrigerant. 



Dose : 20 to 40 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 



Liquor Potassii Citratis (IT. S.) — Solution of Citrate of Potassium. 

Take of Citric acid -J- ounce. 

Bicarbonate of potassium 330 grains. 

Water , £ pint. 

Dissolve the acid and bicarbonate in the water, and strain. 

Dose : 2 to 4 drachms. Less agreeable than the following preparation. 

Mistura Potassii Citratis (U. S. ) — Mixture of Citrate of Potassium — 

Neutral Mixture. 

Take of Lemon juice J pint. 

Bicarbonate of potassium sufficient. 

Add the bicarbonate gradually to the lemon juice until the acid is 
neutralized, then strain. 

Dose : J to 1 ounce. 

This and the preceding are often employed for diuretic, diaphoretic, and 
refrigerant effect, in febrile affections. 

Mixtures of Citrate of Potassium. 

Take of Citrate of potassium 20 parts. 

Spirit of lemon 2 parts. 

Simple elixir 78 parts. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm before meals, in the acute stage of gonorrhoea. 

G. H. Fox. 

Take of Citrate of potassium 1 ounce. 

Water 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm in a little water four times a day, in mercurial 
salivation. E. L. Keyes. 



POTASSII IODIDUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— IODIDE OF POTAS- 
SIUM. 

Take of Potassa 6 ounces. 

Iodine 16 ounces, or sufficient. 

Charcoal 2 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the potassa in 3 pints of boiling distilled water, gradually add the 
iodine, stirring after each addition until the solution becomes colorless, and 



IODIDE OF POTASSIUM. 309 

continue the additions until the liquid remains slightly colored from excess 
of iodine. Evaporate to dryness, starring in the charcoal toward the close 
of the operation, powder, heat to dull redness for fifteen minutes in an iron 
crucible, then cool, dissolve the saline matter with distilled water, filter, 
evaporate, and crystallize. 

Iodide of potassium occurs in white, transparent crystals, of an acrid, 
saline taste, and freely soluble in water and in alcohol. It is a powerful 
alterative and resolvent. Employed in syphilis, scrofula, chronic bron- 
chitis, chronic rheumatism, etc. 

Dose : 2 to 20 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Ungnentum Potassii Iodidi (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Ointment of Iodide of 

Potassium. 

Take of Iodide of potassium 60 grains. 

Boiling water •. ^ drachm. 

Lard 420 grains. 

Dissolve the iodide in the water, in a warm mortar, then add the lard 
and mix. 

As this preparation is liable to become rancid, Charles Bice proposes 
the use of petroleum ointment (vaseline, cosmoline, etc.) instead of lard. 



Ltniment or Iodide of Potassium and Soap (Br.). 

Take of Hard soap 1£ ounce. 

Iodide of potassium 1J ounce. 

Glycerin 1 ounce. 

Oil of lemon 1 drachm. 

Distilled water 10 ounces. 

Dissolve the soap in 7 ounces of the water by the heat of a water-bath. 
Dissolve the iodine and glycerin in the remainder of the water, mix the 
two solutions, and when cold, add the oil of lemon. 



Mixtures of Iodide of Potassium. 

Take of Iodide of potassium 1 ounce. 

Solution of arsenite of potassium 1 drachm. 

Water 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every four or six hours. In hay asthma. 

Bartholow. 



310 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Take of Iodide of potassium 1 ounce. 

Compound tincture of cinchona 1 ounce. 

Compound tincture of cardamom 1^ ounce. 

Compound tincture of gentian ^ ounce. 

Simple syrup 4 ounces. 

Alcohol 4 ounces. 

Water 5 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 

Tonic, carminative, and devoid of the sweet, and often nauseous char- 
acter of the syrups and extracts of sarsaparilla which are used as vehicles. 
Used with great advantage in the later stages of syphilis. A favorite pre- 
scription with the late Dr. Bum stead. F. B. Sturgis. 

Take of Iodide of potassium 3 drachms. 

Tincture of tolu 1 drachm. 

Fluid extract of wild cherry 1 drachm. 

Syrup 1 ounce. 

Compound spirit of ether 2 ounces. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. K G. Janeway. 

Take of Iodide of potassium 3 drachms. 

Carbonate of ammonium 50 grains. 

Syrup of wild cherry 1| ounce. 

Compound syrup of ether 1J ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. W. H. Katzenbach. 



POTASSII NITRAS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— NITRATE OF POTAS- 
SIUM—NITRE—SALTPETRE. 

Crude nitre occurs in India, and in some of the caves of this country. 
It is produced artificially by bringing together decaying animal and vege- 
table matter. Purified and prepared for medicinal use, it is in colorless 
crystals, of a sharp, cooling, saline taste, and freely soluble in water. 

Nitre is diaphoretic, diuretic, refrigerant, and sedative, and is often ad- 
ministered in the early stages of acute inflammatory affections. The fumes 
of burning nitre, or of paper impregnated with it, are often inhaled with 
benefit in spasmodic asthma. 

Dose : 10 to 15 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Refrigerant Powder (Ger.). 

Take of Nitrate of potassium 1 part. 

Bitartrate of potassium 3 parts. 

White sugar 6 parts. 

Mix Dose : I to 1 drachm. 



PERMANGANATE OF POTASSIUM. 311 

Nitrated Paper (Ger., Fr.). 

Take of Nitrate of potassium 1 part. 

Distilled water 4 parts. 

Soak bibulous paper iu the solution, and then dry it. 

The fumes of the burning paper are inhaled in spasmodic asthma. 

Nitrous Powders. 

Take of Nitrate of potassium 15 grains. 

Calomel , -J grain. 

Tartar emetic -^ grain. 

Sugar 2 grains. 

Mix. To be placed dry on the tongue. Was used by Dr. Rush in 
what was probably fibroid phthisis, and was called Rush's Fever Powder. 

J. B. Learning. 



POTASSII PEEMANGANAS (17. S. et al. Ph.)— PERMANGA- 
NATE OF POTASSIUM. 

Prepared by adding black oxide of manganese and chlorate of potas- 
sium to a solution of potassa, evaporating to dryness, and heating to red- 
ness. The residue is treated with water, the solution neutralized with sul- 
phuric acid, evaporated, and crystallized. 

Chiefly employed externally as a disinfectant and deodorizing dressing 
for foul and gangrenous ulcers and wounds. A weak solution has been 
employed as an injection in gonorrhoea, leucorrhcea, etc. 

Dose : J to 1 grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Liquor Potassii Permanganatis (U. S., Br.) — Solution of Permanga- 
nate of Potassium. 

Take of Permanganate of potassium 64 grains. 

Distilled water 1 pint. 

Dissolve. 

Gargle or Permanganate of Potassium. 

Take of Solution of permanganate of potassium 1 drachm. 

Water 10 ounces. 

Mix. Stimulant and antiseptic. G. M. Lefferts. 

Take of Permanganate of potassium 1 grain. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. In fetor of the breath, and ulcerous disease of the mouth. 

Bartholow. 



312 MEDICAL FOKMULARY. 



POTASSII SULPHAS (U. S. et al. Ph,)— SULPHATE OF 
POTASSIUM. 

Obtained as a secondary product in the preparation of nitric acid, and 
in other chemical processes. 

In medium doses it is laxative, in large doses purgative, but is seldom 
employed, as its action is harsh and painful. On account of its hardness it 
is used as a triturant in the preparation of Dover's powder. 

Dose : 20 to 60 grains, laxative ; 2 to 4 drachms, purgative. 



POTASSII SULPHUKETUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SULPHUKET 

OF POTASSIUM. 

Take of Sublimed sulphur 1 ounce. 

Carbonate of potassium 2 ounces. 

Kub the carbonate, previously dried, with the sulphur, and heat the 
mixture in a covered crucible until it ceases to swell, and is completely 
melted. Then pom- upon a marble slab, and when cold, break into pieces, 
and preserve in a well-stopped bottle of green glass. 

When recently prepared, sulphuret of potassium is of a liver-brown 
color. It dissolves in water, the solution exhaling the odor of hydrosul- 
phuric acid. Its taste is nauseous and disagreeable. Seldom employed 
internally, its chief use being as a topical application in skin diseases. 



PREPARATION. 

Ointment of Sulphurated Potassium (Br.). 

Take of Sulphurated potassium 30 grains. 

Prepared lard 1 ounce. 

Mix. 

Lotions of Sulphuret of Potassium. 

Take of Sulphuret of potassium ^ ounce. 

Lime water 16 ounces. 

Mix. Used in pityriasis, pustular and parasitic diseases. 

Tilbury Fox. 

Take of Sulphuret of potassium 1 drachm. 

Sulphate of zinc 1 drachm. 

Kose water 4 ounces. 

Mix. Used in acne indurate. Bulkley. 



TARTRATE OF POTASSIUM — KOCHELLE SALT. 313 



POTASSII TAETEAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— TARTRATE OF 
POTASSIUM. 

Take of Pure carbonate of potassium 16 ounces. 

Bitartrate of potassium 36 ounces or sufficient. 

Boiling water 8 pints. 

Dissolve the carbonate in the water, add the bitartrate gradually until 
the solution is neutralized ; filter, evaporate, and crystallize. Lastly, pour 
off the mother-water, dry the crystals on bibulous paper, and preserve them 
in a well-stopped bottle. 

It is diuretic and laxative, but is seldom employed. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachnis, laxative ; 2 to 8 drachms, purgative. 



POTASSII ET SODII TARTRAS (IT. S. et al. Ph.) —TAR- 
TRATE OF POTASSIUM AND SODIUM— ROCIIELLE 

SALT. 

Take of Carbonate of sodium 12 ounces. 

Bitartrate of potassium 16 ounces. 

Boiling water 5 pints. 

Dissolve the carbonate in the water, add the bitartrate gradually, filter, 
evaporate until a pellicle forms, then set aside to crystallize. Pour off the 
mother-water, and dry the crystals on bibulous paper. 

Rochelle salt commonly occurs as a white powder, of a bitterish, cool- 
ing, saline taste, and is soluble in twice its weight of water. 

It is a mild and pleasant laxative, especially applicable to febrile condi- 
tions. 

Dose : |- to 1 ounce. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Pulveres Efferveseentes Aperientes (U. S., Ger.) — Aperient Efferves- 
cing Powders — Seidlitz Powders. 

Take of Bicarbonate of sodium 1 dunce. 

Tartrate of potassium and sodium 3 ounces. 

Tartaric acid 420 grains. 

Mix the bicarbonate with the tartrate, and divide the mixture into 12 
equal parts. Divide the acid into the same number of parts. Lastly, keep 
the parts separately in papers of different colors. 

A powder of each kind is dissolved separately, in three or four ounces 
of water, the solutions mixed, and administered while in a state of efferves- 
cence. 



314 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



PRITNUS VIRGLNTANA (U. S.)— WILD CHERRY. 

The bark of Primus serotina, Ehrhart (Cerasus serotina, DC, Nat. ord., 
Bosacece), the common wild black cherry of North America. 

Wild cherry bark is used as a tonic and sedative. This latter property 
depends upon the hydrocyanic acid which it generates when infused with 
water. 

It is employed in pulmonary diseases, especially in consumption. Its 
tonic properties improve the appetite and increase the strength, while its 
sedative influence is beneficial in moderating the cough and allaying ner- 
vous irritation. 

Dose : 20 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extraetum Pruni Virginianse Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of 

Wild Cherry. 

Take of Wild cherry 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Water ^ pint. 

Stronger alcohol sufficient. 

Mix the glycerin and water, and macerate the wild cherry in the mix- 
ture for four days. Transfer to a percolator, and pour on stronger alcohol 
until 12 fluid ounces are obtained ; reserve this portion. Continue the 
percolation until 20 ounces more are obtained, evaporate to 4 ounces, 
filter, and add to the reserved portion. 

Dose : 20 to 60 minims. 

Contains the tonic properties of the bark, but has little sedative action. 

Infusum Pruni Virginianae (U. S.) — Infusion of Wild Cherry. 

Take of Wild cherry J ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 1 pint. 

Dose : 2 to 3 ounces. The best, and indeed, only preparation of wild 
cherry to use for sedative effect. 

Syrupus Pruni Virginians (U. S.) — Syrup of Wild Cherry. 

Take of Wild cherry 5 ounces. 

Sugar 28 ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Macerate the bark in water for twenty-four hours, then percolate until 
1 pint is obtained. In this dissolve the sugar by agitation, without heat. 
Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. Used as a vehicle in cough mixtures. 



PULSATILLA QUASSIA. 315 

PULSATILLA (Fr., Ger.)— PULSATILLA. 

The herb of Anemone pulsatilla, L. (Nat. o?*c?., Ranurtculacece), a small 
plant indigenous to Central and Northern Europe. 

It is employed in a variety of cases, but mainly in acute and subacute 
inflammations of the mucous membranes, as those of the eyes, ears, uterus, 
etc. It has also been used with happiest effect in dysmenorrhea, and in 
gonorrhoea! orchitis. 

Dose : Of the fresh plant, 1 to 5 grains. 

PREPARATION. 

Tincture of Pulsatilla. 

Take of Pulsatilla 1 part. 

Alcohol 2 parts. 

Prepare the tincture by maceration. 

Dose : 5 to 15 minims. Phillips. 

Preparations of pulsatilla made in this country, from the plant imported 
in the dry state, are not to be relied upon. 



QUASSIA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— QUASSIA. 

The wood of Picrsena excelsa, Lindley (Quassia excelsa, Swartz, Sima- 
ruba excelsa, DC, Nat ord., Simarubece), a tree fifty or sixty feet in height, 
indigenous to Jamaica and other islands of the West Indies. 

Quassia is a pure and simple bitter, without irritant or astringent effects, 
and is used as a tonic in dyspepsia, loss of appetite, etc. 

Dose : 30 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extraetum Quassiae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Extract of Quassia. 

Take of Quassia 12 ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Exhaust the quassia by percolation with water, boil to three-fourths of 
its bulk, strain, and evaporate to a proper consistence. 
Dose : 3 to 5 grains. 

Infusum Quassia? (U. S., Br.) — Infusion of Quassia. 

Take of Quassia 120 grains. 

Water 1 pint. 

Macerate for twelve hours, and strain. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. Used as a vehicle for other tonics. 



31 6 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Tinctura Quassiae (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Tincture of Quassia. 

Take of Quassia 2 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : ^ to 2 drachms. 



QUERCUS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— OAK BARK. 

The bark of Quercus alba, L., and of Quercus coccinea, Wang., var. 
tinctoria, Bartram (Nat. ord., Cupuliferce), both of which are indigenous 
to the United States. 

Oak bark contains a large percentage of tannic acid, and to this it owes 
its medicinal properties. 

Dose : 30 to 60 grains, in decoction. 



PREPARATIONS. 
Decoetum Quercus Alba3 (U. S., Br.) — Decoction of White Oak. ■ 

Take of White oak 1 ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil half an hour, strain, and add sufficient water through the strainer 
to make 1 pint. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 
" Used topically as a gargle in sore throat, as an injection in leucorrhcea, 
as a wash for bed-sores, etc. 



QUILLAIA— SOAP-BARK. 

The inner bark of Quillaia saponaria, Molina (Nat. ord., Bosacece), a 
tree growing in Peru and Chili. It contains a vegetable soap principle, 
termed saponin, which is also found in some other plants. It makes a 
lather or froth with water, and has been used to stimulate the growth of 
the hair. In pharmacy it is employed as an emulsifying agent. 

Tincture or Quillaia. 

Take of Quillaia in fine powder 4 ounces. 

Alcohol (sp. gr. 0.820) sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 16 ounces. 

Probably the most useful preparation. Much used in England as an 
emulsifying agent for fixed oils, oleoresins, resins, etc. Charles Bice. 



QUININE. 317 



QFINIA (Fr., Ger.)- QUININE. 

This alkaloid is not recognized by the United States and British Phar- 
macopoeias. Owing to its difficult solubility, it acts less speedily than many 
of its salts. Of these, a large number are prepared, but the Pharmacopoeias 
wisely reject most of them, since, as Bartholow justly remarks, "the cura- 
tive value of the preparations of quinine depends on the base, and not on the 
acid combined with it." 

Quinise Bisulphas (Fr., Ger.) — Bisulphate of Quinia. 

Take of Sulphate of quinia 100 parts. 

Sulphuric acid 12 parts. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the sulphate in the acid, previously diluted with a sufficient 
quantity of water, evaporate, and crystallize. 

It is in prismatic, white, shining crystals, of a very bitter taste, soluble in 
about 10 parts of water and in 2 parts of alcohol. It contains about one- 
sixth less quinia than the sulphate, and should be administered in propor- 
tionally larger doses. 

Dose : 1 to 20 grains. 

Hypodermic Injection of Bisulphate of Quinia. 

Take of Bisulphate of quinia 50 grains. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 100 minims. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Carbolic acid (liq.) 5 minims. 

Dissolve the bisulphate in the sulphuric acid and water by the aid of 
heat, filter, and add the carbolic acid. 

Twelve minims contain 1 grain of the bisulphate. 

Lente's Solution. Bartholow. 



Quinise Hydrobromas — Hydrobromate of Quinia. 

Take of Sulphate of quinia 100 parts. 

Bromide of potassium 27^- parts. 

Distilled water 100 parts. 

Alcohol 400 parts. 

Triturate the sulphate and bromide with the water, in a mortar, then 
heat gently in a flask placed on a water-bath, and, after awhile, add the al- 
cohol, and digest for an hour. Filter the hot solution, and set aside to 
crystallize. 

Dose : 1 to 20 grains. Charles Bice. 



318 MEDICAL FORMULAKY. 

Quiniae Hydroehloras (Ger.) — Hydrochlorate of Quinia. 

Take of Sulphate of quinia 300 parts. 

Carbonate of sodium sufficient. 

Hydrochloric acid , sufficient. 

Sulphuric acid sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Dissolve the sulphate of quinia in water with the aid of sulphuric acid, 
and precipitate the solution with the carbonate of sodium. "Wash the pre- 
cipitate, and while still moist, add it in one lot to 78 parts of hydrochloric 
acid previously diluted with 1,000 parts of water, and heated to a tempera- 
ture not exceeding 86°. Let it stand awhile, then heat to 140°, neutralize 
exactly by the addition of acid or quinia, as may be required, and set aside 
to crystallize. Charles Rice. 

It is in white crystals of a silky lustre, of a very bitter taste, soluble in 
20 parts of cold water and in 2 or 3 parts of alcohol. 
Dose : 1 to 20 grains. 

Quiniae Sulphas (U. S. et al. Ph. )— Sulphate of Quinia. 

Take of Yellow cinchona 48 ounces. 

Hydrochloric acid (by weight) 3^ ounces. 

Lime 5 ounces. 

Animal charcoal sufficient. 

Sulphuric acid sufficient. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Boil the cinchona in 13 pints of water mixed with one-third of the hy- 
drochloric acid, and strain. Repeat the process twice, mix the decoctions, 
and while hot, gradually add the lime previously mixed with 2 pints of 
water, stirring constantly till the quinia is precipitated. Wash, dry, pow- 
der, and digest the precipitate in boiling alcohol. Decant, and repeat the 
digestion until the alcohol is no longer rendered bitter. Mix the liquids 
and distil off the alcohol until a viscid mass remains. Boil this in 4 pints 
of distilled water, and add enough sulphuric acid to dissolve the quinia. 
Then add 1^ ounce of animal charcoal, boil two minutes, filter while hot, 
and set aside to crystallize. The crystals may be further purified by dis- 
solving them in boiling water acidulated with sulphuric acid, adding a 
little animal charcoal, and recrystallizing. 

Sulphate of quinia is a colorless salt, in light, silky crystals, of an in- 
tensely bitter taste, soluble in 700 parts of cold or 30 parts of boiling water, 
much more soluble in alcohol and in water acidulated with sulphuric acid. 
Its therapeutic effects are those of cinchona, which see. 

Dose : 1 to 20 grains. 



QCLNINE. 319 

PREPARATIONS. 

Pilulae Quiniae Sulphatis (U. S. 3 Br., Fr.)— Pills of Sulphate of Quinia. 

Take of Sulphate of quinia 24 grains. 

Clarified honey, sufficiently inspissated 14 grains. 

Mix. Form a pilular mass, and divide into 24 pills. 
Dose : 1 to 20 pills. 

Tincture of Qutnia (Br.). 

Take of Sulphate of quinia 160 grains. 

Tincture of orange peel 20 ounces. 

Dissolve with aid" of a gentle heat, allow the solution to stand for three 
days, shaking it occasionally, then filter. 
Dose : -V to 2 drachms. 

Ammoniated Tincture of Quinia (Br.). 

Take of Sulphate of quinia 160 grains. 

Solution of ammonia 2£ ounces. 

Proof spirit 17-J ounces. 

Dissolve the sulphate in the spirit with the aid of a gentle heat, and 
add the solution of ammonia. 
Dose : 4- to 2 drachms. 

Wtne of Quinia (Br.). 

Take of Sulphate of quinia 20 grains. 

Citric acid 30 grains. 

Orange wine 20 ounces. 

Dissolve, first the citric acid, and then the sulphate in the wine ; allow 
the solution to stand for three days, shaking it occasionally, then filter. 
Dose : + to 1 ounce. 

Mixtures of Sulphate of Qutnia. 

Take of Sulphate of quinia 30 grains. 

Diluted sulphuric acid sufficient. 

Water 2 ounces. 

Tincture of chloride of iron . . -J- ounce. 

Spirit of chloroform 6 drachms. 

Glycerin to 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. A. L. Loomis. 

Take of Sulphate of quinia 1 drachm. 

Pyrophosphate of iron 1 drachm. 

Strychnia 1 grain. 

Diluted phosphoric acid 2 drachms. 

Syrup of ginger 2 ounces. 

Water to 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. W. A. Hammond. 



320 MEDICAL FORMULAE Y. 

Take of Sulphate of quinia 30 grains. 

Diluted sulphuric acid sufficient. 

Water 2 ounces. 

Tincture of chloride of iron 2 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. Hospital Formulary. 

Take of Sulphate of quinia \ drachm. 

Elixir of taraxacum 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every two to four hours, and hourly 1 drachm 
of the following : 

Take of Tincture of chloride of iron 2 drachms. 

Chlorate of potassium 2 drachms. 

Syrup 4 ounces. 

Mix. The dose prescribed is for a child of five years. In diphtheria. 

J. Lewis Smith. 

Take of Sulphate of quinia ^ drachm. 

Sulphate of strychnia 1 grain. 

Diluted sulphuric acid sufficient. 

Tincture of chloride of iron 3 drachms. 

Glycerin , 5 drachms. 

Water to 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. 

Take of Sulphate of quinia 20 grains. 

Diluted sulphuric acid sufficient. 

Carbolic acid (liq.) 10 to 40 minims. 

Water 5 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : -| ounce three times daily before meals, in a wineglass of 
water. To relieve the pains of mammary cancer. F. A. Burr all. 

Pells of Sulphate of Qunm. 

Take of Sulphate of quinia 40 grains. 

Sulphate of iron 20 grains. 

Extract of nux vomica 5 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 20 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill. Hospital Formulary. 

Take of Sulphate of quinia 2 drachms. 

Sulphate of morphia 3 grains. 

Strychnia 2 grains. 

Arsenious acid 3 grains. 

Extract of aconite 30 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 60 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill. Gross's Neuralgic Fills.. 



ROSIN. 321 

Quinia foe Inunction. 

Take of Sulphate of quinia 1 draclim. 

Oleic acid (pure) 1 ounce. 

Olive oil 2 ounces. 

Dissolve the quinia in the acid with the aid of a gentle heat, and add 
the oil. If properly prepared, the solution will remain clear. 

For inunction in cases of debility, especially in children. It may be 
applied once or twice daily to the entire surface, and should be well 
rubbed in. Andrew II. Smith. 



Quiniae Valerianas (U. S., Fr., Ger.) — Valerianate of Quinia. 

Valerianate of quinia is supposed to exert the combined influence of qui- 
nia and valerianic acid, but is in no way better than extemporaneous mix- 
tures of the two. The mode of its preparation is therefore omitted. 

Dose : 1 to 3 grains. 

Quinidae Sulphas — Sulphate of Quinidia. 

Obtained by evaporating the mother-liquor left from the crystallization 
of sulphate of quinia. 

Sulphate of quinidia is in crystals resembling those of the sulphate of 
quinia, but is more soluble than that salt, and possesses nearly the same 
virtues as a tonic and antiperiodic. 

Dose : 1 to 20 grains. 



RESDs A (U. S. et al. Ph.)— RESIN— ROSIN". 

The residue after the distillation of the volatile oil from the turpentine 
of Pinus palustris, Mill., and of other species of Pinus. 

Rosin is a brittle, pulverizable, translucent resin, tasteless, and of a 
feeble terebinthinate odor. It enters into the composition of cerates and 
plasters. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Ceratum Resinae (U. S., Br.) — Resin Cerate — Basilicon Ointment. 

Take of Resin 10 ounces. 

Yellow wax 4 ounces. 

Lard 16 ounces. 

Melt together, strain, and stir till cool. 
Ointment of Resin, Br. 
21 



322 MEDICAL FORMULAKY. 

Ceratum Resinae Compositum (U. S., Ger.) — Compound Resin Cerate. 

Take of Resin 12 ounces. 

Suet 12 ounces. 

Yellow wax 12 ounces. 

Turpentine 6 ounces. 

Flaxseed oil (by weight) 7 ounces. 

Melt together, strain, and stir till cool. Basilicon Ointment, Ger. 

Emplastrum Resinae (U. S., Br.) — Resin plaster — Adhesive Plaster. 

Take of Resin 6 ounces. 

Lead plaster 36 ounces. 

To the lead plaster, melted with a gentle heat, add the resin, and mix. 



KHAMNUS FRANGULA— ALDER BUCKTHORN. 

The bark of Rhamnus frangula, L. (Nat. ord., Rhamnacece), a shrub in- 
digenous to the Old World. 

Employed as a purgative, and is recommended in habitual constipation. 

The bark of Rhamnus Purshiana, DC, a shrub indigenous to the Pacific 
Coast of North America, has similar properties. 

Dose : \ to 2 drachms. 

Fluid Exteact of Rhamnus Frangula. 

Take of Rhamnus frangula 16 parts. 

Stronger alcohol, 4 parts — water, 15 parts .... sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate 14 ounces, which set aside. Then perco- 
late 24 ounces more, evaporate to 2 ounces, mix with the reserved portion, 
and filter. 

Dose : \ to 2 drachms. Charles Bice. 

Mixture of Fluid Exteact of Rhamnus Frangula. 

Take of Fluid extract of rhamnus frangula 1 ounce. 

Peppermint water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 2 drachms for a child from two to eight years old. 
A pleasant and efficacious laxative. A. A. Smith. 



RHEUM (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— RHUBARB. 

The root of Rheum officinale, Baillon, R. palmatum, L., and probably 
of other species (Nat. ord., Polygonacece), plants indigenous to Asia, and 
much resembling the common garden rhubarb in general appearance. 

Rhubarb is a purgative which acts without violence, and is even Said 



RHUBARB. 323 

to have a tonic effect. Free purgation by rhubarb is followed by con- 
stipation, but laxative doses have a tendency to overcome habitual con- 
stipation. It is an excellent cathartic for pregnant women, for children 
when suffering from indigestion, and for persons suffering froin piles 
attended with constipation. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains, laxative ; 10 to 40 grains, purgative. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extr actum Rhei (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Extract of Ehubarb. 

Take of Ehubarb 12 ounces. 

Alcohol . ." 1 pint. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Percolate the rhubarb, with the alcohol, continuing with diluted alcohol 
until 12 ounces of tincture are obtained. Set this in a warm place, and allow 
it to evaporate to 6 ounces. Continue the percolation with diluted alcohol 
until the rhubarb is exhausted, evaporate, at or below 160°, to the consist- 
ence of syrup : mix with the tincture first obtained, and evaporate to a 
proper consistence. 

Dose : 5 to 15 grains. 

Extractum Rhei Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Ehubarb. 

Take of Ehubarb 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 2 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix the glycerin with 14 ounces of alcohol, moisten the rhubarb with 
4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general formula, 
page 161. Finish the percolation with a menstruum of 2 parts of alcohol 
and 1 part of water. 

Dose : 5 to 10 minims, laxative ; 10 to 40 minims, purgative. 

Infusum Rhei (IT. S., Br.) — Infusion of Ehubarb. 

Take of Ehubarb 2 drachms. 

Boiling water \ pint. 

Digest for an hour, in a covered vessel, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

PilulaeRhei (U. S.)— Pills of Rhubarb. 

Take of Ehubarb 72 grains. 

Soap 24 grains. 

Beat into a mass with water, and divide into "24 pills. 
Dose : 1 to 5, as a laxative. 



324 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Pilulae Rhei Compositae (U. S., Br.) — Compound Pills of Rhubarb. 

Take of Rhubarb 48 grains. 

Socotrine aloes 36 grains. 

Myrrh 24 grains. 

Oil of peppermint 3 minims. 

Beat into a mass with water, and divide into 24 pills. 
Dose : 2 to 4 pills. 



Pulvis Rhei Compositus (II. S., Br.) — Compound Powder of Rhubarb. 

Take of Rhubarb 4 ounces. 

Magnesia 12 ounces. 

Ginger 2 ounces. 

Rub together until thoroughly mixed. 
Dose : ^- to 1 drachm. 



SyrupusRhei (U. S.) — Syrup of Rhubarb. 

Take of Fluid extract of rhubarb 3 ounces. 

Syrup 29 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

Syrupus Rhei Aromatieus (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Aromatic Syrup of Rhu- 
barb. 

Take of Rhubarb 2£ ounces. 

Cloves , . , ^ ounce. 

Cinnamon ^ ounce. 

Nutmeg 2 drachms. 

Syrup 6 pints. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Mix the powders, and percolate with diluted alcohol until 1 pint of tinc- 
ture is obtained. Add this to the syrup, previously heated, and mix. 
Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



Tinetura Rhei (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Tincture of Rhubarb. 

Take of Rhubarb 3 ounces. 

Cardamom J ounce. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 



Mix the powders, and percolate with diluted alcohol until 2 pints of 
tincture are obtained. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms, laxative : 2 to 8 drachms, purgative. 



RHUBARB. 325 

Tinctura Rhei et Sennae (U. S.) — Tincture of Rhubarb and Senna. 

Take of Rhubarb 1 ounce. 

Senna 2 drachms. 

Coriander 1 drachm. 

Fennel 1 drachm. 

Liquorice -J drachm. 

Raisins, deprived of seeds 6 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol 3 pints. 

Macerate seven days, express and filter. 
Dose : 15 to 60 minims. 

Vinum Rhei (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Wine of Rhubarb. 

Take of Rhubarb 2 ounces. 

Canella 1 drachm. 

Sherry wine 14 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Mix 2 ounces of diluted alcohol with the wine, and percolate the powders 
with the mixture, continuing the process with diluted alcohol until 1 pint 
of filtered liquid is obtained. 

Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 

Compound Extract of Rhubarb (Ger.). 

Take of Extract of rhubarb 3 parts. 

Extract of aloes 1 part. 

Distilled water 4 parts. 

Jalap soap 1 part. 

Diluted alcohol 4 parts. 

Soften the extracts with the water, then add the soap, previously dis- 
solved in the alcohol, and evaporate to a dry extract. 

Aqueous Tinctuee of Rhubabb (Ger.). 

Take of Rhubarb 10 parts. 

Borax 1 part. 

Pure carbonate of potassium 1 part. 

Boiling distilled water 85 parts. 

Alcohol 10 parts. 

Cinnamon water 15 parts. 

Mix the rhubarb, borax, and carbonate, add the water, macerate fifteen 
minutes, then add the alcohol. After one hour and a quarter, express, fil- 
ter, and add the cinnamon water. 

Mixtures of Rhubarb and Soda. 
Take of Powdered rhubarb % ounce. 

Bicarbonate of sodium 1 drachm. 

Spirit of peppermint 2 drachms. 

Water to 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : J ounce. Hospital Formulary. 



326 MEDICAL FOKMULARY. 

Take of Fluid extract of rhubarb 256 miuiras. 

Fluid extract of ipecac 51 minims. 

Bicarbonate of sodium 512 grains. 

Glycerin 12 ounces. 

Peppermint water 2 pints. 

Mix. Dose : J- to 1 drachm two or three times daily, for children. 

E. R. Squibb. 



ROSA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— ROSE. 

The petals of Eosa centifolia, L., pale rose, and of Kosa Gallica, L., red 
rose (Nat. ord., Bosacece), small shrubs indigenous to the warmer portions of 
Europe and Western Asia, but cultivated in many varieties all over the 
world. 

Rose petals are used chiefly as a perfume, though those of the red rose 
are slightly astringent, and are used in collyria, gargles, etc. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Aqua Rosae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Rose Water. 

Take of Recent pale rose 48 ounces. 

Water 16 pints. 

Mix, and distil 8 pints. Used as a vehicle. 

When it is desirable to keep the rose for some time before distilling, 
mix it with half its weight of chloride of sodium. 

Confeotio Rosae (U. S., Br., Fr.)— Confection of Rose. 

Take of Red rose 4 ounces. 

Sugar 30 ounces. 

Clarified honey (by weight) 6 ounces. 

Rose water 8 ounces. 



Rub the rose with the water heated to 150°, then gradually add the 
sugar and honey, and beat well together. 

Dose : J to 1 drachm. Used chiefly as an excipient. 

Infusum Rosae Compositum (U. S., Br.) — Compound Infusion of Rose. 

Take of Red rose £ ounce. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 3 drachms. 

Sugar li ounce. 

Boiling water 2| pints. 

Macerate the rose in the water and acid for half an hour, then add the 
sugar, and strain. 

Dose : 1 to 3 ounces. Acid Infusion of Boses, Br. 



BLACKBERRY. 327 

Mel Rosae (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— Honey of Rose. 

Take of Red rose 2 ounces. 

Clarified honey (by weight) 25 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Percolate the rose with diluted alcohol until 6 drachms of filtered liquid 
haye passed ; set this aside. Continue the percolation until ^ pint more of 
liquid is obtained ; evaporate this to 10 drachms, add the reserved liquid, 
and mix with the honey. 

Used as a vehicle. 

Oleum Rosae (U. S., Fr., Ger.)— Oil of Rose. 

The oil obtained from the petals of Rosa centifolia by distillation. 
Used as a perfume. 

Syrupus Rosae Gallieae (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Syrup of Red Rose. 

Take of Red rose 2 ounces. 

Sugar 18 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Percolate the rose with the alcohol until 1 ounce has passed ; set this 
aside. Continue the percolation until 5 ounces more are obtained ; evaporate 
this to 14- ounce, and mix it with 7 ounces of water. Then add the sugar, 
dissolve with a gentle heat, strain while hot, cool, and add the reserved 
tincture. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



Unguentum Aquae Rosae (U. S., Ger.) — Ointment of Rose Water. 

Take of Expressed oil of almonds 3J ounces. 

Spermaceti 1 ounce. 

White wax 2 drachms. 

Rose water 2 ounces. 

Melt together the oil, spermaceti, and wax, then gradually add the water, 
and stir until cool. 



RUBUS (U. S.)— BLACKBERRY. 

The bark of the root of Rubus Canadensis, L., and of Rubus villosus, 
Ait. (Nat. ord. s Boseacece), the former a trailing, the latter an erect shrub, 
covered with prickles, indigenous to North America, and very common. 

Blackberry root is a mild, but efficient astringent, and is very useful in 
diarrhoea and dysentery, especially when occurring in children. 

Dose : h to 1 drachm. 



328 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum Rubi Fluidum (XJ. S.)— Fluid Extract of Blackberry. 

Take of Blackberry 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the 
powder with 4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161, finishing the percolation with diluted alcohol. 

Dose : ^ to 1 drachm. 

Syrupus Rubi (U. S.) — Syrup of Blackberry. 

Take of Fluid extract of blackberry ^ pint. 

Syrup 1£ pint. 

Mix. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 



SABHSTA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— SAYIK 

The tops of Juniperus Sabina, L. (Nat. ord., Coniferce), a small ever- 
green shrub indigenous to Europe and Asia. 

Applied locally, savin is an irritant ; taken internally, it is a general 
stimulant, and in overdoses may cause vomiting, purging, suppression of 
urine, hematuria, etc., and even convulsions and death. 

It is used internally, almost exclusively as an emmenagogue, and for 
this purpose the oil is generally employed. A cerate or ointment of savin 
is used to maintain discharge from blistered surfaces. 

Dose : 5 to 15 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Ceratum Sabinae (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Savin Cerate. 

Take of Fluid extract of savin 3 ounces. 

Resin cerate 12 ounces. 

Melt the cerate, add the fluid extract, and stir until the alcohol has 
evaporated, and the cerate has become cool. 

Extractum Sabinae Fluidum (U. S.)— Fluid Extract of Savin. 

Take of Savin 16 ounces. 

Stronger alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the savin with ^ pint of stronger alcohol, and proceed accord- 
ing to the general formula, page 161. 
Dose : 5 to 15 minims. 



SUGAR SUGAR OF MILK. 329 

Oleum Sabinae (II. S., Br., Ger.)— Oil of Savin. 
The oil distilled from the fresh tops of savin. 
Dose : 1 to 5 minims. 

Tincture of Savin (Br.). 

Take of Savin tops, dried , 2^- ounces. 

Proof spirit 20 ounces. 

Macerate the savin in 15 ounces of the spirit, then transfer to a per- 
colator and percolate with the remainder. Afterward express, filter, and 
add sufficient proof spirit to make 20 ounces. 

Dose : 20 to 60 minims. 



SACCHARlTM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SUGAR 

A sweet, crystalline principle obtained from the sugar cane, Saccharum 
officinarum, L. (Xat. ord., Gramlnece), a perennial plant which has been 
cultivated in warin countries from time immemorial. 

Sugar possesses some virtue as a demulcent, but is chiefly used in med- 
icine to give an agreeable taste to mixtures, etc., to protect mineral prep- 
arations from oxidation, and to preserve vegetable substances. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Syrupus (IT. S. et al. Ph.) — Syrup — Simple Syrup. 

Take of Sugar ? 36 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the sugar, with the aid of heat, in 20 ounces of distilled water, 
heat to the boiling point, and strain while hot. Then incorporate with it 
sufficient distilled water, added through the strainer, to make the syrup 
measure 2 pints and 12 ounces, or weigh 55 ounces. Thus prepared, it has 
the sp. gr. 1.317. 

Syrupus. Fuscus (U. S., Br.) — Molasses — Treacle. 
The uncrystallized residue of the refining of sugar. 
Used as an excipient in pills, etc. 



SACCHAEUM LACTIS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SUGAE OF MILK. 

A sweet, crystalline principle existing in milk, and obtained by concen- 
trating whey. Sugar of milk occurs in hard crystals, less sweet and less 
soluble than cane sugar. On account of its hardness, it is often used as a 
triturant in reducing drugs to a state of minute subdivision. 






330 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

SALIX (U. S., Fr.)— WILLOW. 

The bark of Salix alba, L. (Xat. ord., Salicacece), a tree indigenous to 
Europe, but cultivated, and sparingly naturalized in this country. 

All the willows contain, in addition to tannin, a crystalline principle 
termed Salicin, to which most of their medicinal effects are due. AYillow 
bark is tonic, antiperiodic, and somewhat astringent. Salicin has been 
used with considerable success as a substitute for the alkaloids of cinchona 
bark in the treatment of intermittent fever. 

Dose : ^ to 2 drachms. 

Salicin. 

Prepared by treating a boiling, concentrated decoction of willow bark 
with litharge until colorless, filtering, evaporating, and crystallizing. 

It is in white, shining scales or needles, of a persistently bitter taste, 
and soluble in 20 parts of water. 

Dose : 2 to 20 grains. 



SANGULNAKIA (U. S.)— BLOODROOT. 

The rhizome of Sanguinaria Canadensis, L. {Nat. ord., Papaveracece), a 
small herb with a perennial root, indigenous to North America, blooming 
early in spring. 

All parts of the plant, when wounded, exude an orange-red juice, of a 
peculiar, acrid taste. Bloodroot is alterative, expectorant, and, in full doses, 
emetic, this latter action being violent and depressing. It is used chiefly 
in diseases of the respiratory organs. The powdered root has been used 
as a stimulant to unhealthy ulcers. 

Dose : 1 to 5 grains, alterative and expectorant ; 10 to 20 grains, 
emetic. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Acetum Sanguinariae (U. S.) — Vinegar of Bloodroot. 

Take of Bloodroot 4 ounces. 

Diluted acetic acid sufficient. 

Percolate the bloodroot with the acid until 2 pints are obtained. 

It may also be prepared by macerating the bloodroot in 2 pints of 
diluted acetic acid for seven days, expressing, and filtering the liquid. 

Dose : 15 to 60 minims, alterative and expectorant ; 3 to 4 drachms, 
emetic. 



RED SANDAL- WOOD. 331 

Tinetura Sanguinariae (U. S.) — Tincture of Bloodroot. 

Take of Bloodroot 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 3 measures of alcohol with 1 of water, and percolate the bloodroot 
with the mixture until 2 pints of tincture are obtained. 

Dose : 15 to 60 minims, alterative and expectorant ; 3 to 4 drachms, 
emetic. 

Sangulnarine. 

Take of Bloodroot 16 parts. 

Alcohol (sp. gr. 0.835) sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate until 16 parts of tincture are obtained, or 
until the bloodroot is exhausted. Mix 4 parts of distilled water with the 
percolate, and evaporate the alcohol. To the residue add 12 parts of cold 
distilled water, and allow the mixture to stand in a cool place for twenty- 
ftmr hours. Then filter, add an excess of water of ammonia, wash the pre- 
cipitate with cold water, and dry it. 

A bluish powder, exceedingly irritating when the dust is inhaled, ex- 
citing violent sneezing, and inflammation of the mucous surfaces. All its 
salts are red. 

Though not absolutely pure sanguinarine, it is the article sold and used 
under that name. 

Dose : 1 to 2 grains. J. U. Lloyd. 

Mixtures of Bloodroot. 

Take of Tincture of bloodroot 1 drachm. 

Camphorated tincture of opium 2 drachms. 

Syrup of squill 2 drachms. 

Syrup of tolu 2 drachms. 

Water to 2 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. Expectorant. Hospital Formulary. 

Take of Tincture of bloodroot 1 drachm. 

Tincture of lobelia 1 drachm. 

Wine of ipecac ,. . 2 drachms. 

Syrup of tolu J ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every three hours, as an expectorant. 

Bartholow. 



SANTALUM (U. S., Br., Fr.)— EED SAIWDEKS— KED SAN- 
DAL-WOOD. 

The wood of Pterocarpus santalinus, L. (Nat ord., Leguminosce), a 
small tree indigenous to India. 

Used as a coloring agent in tinctures, etc. 



332 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



SAtfTALUM ALBUM (Fr.)— SANDAL-WOOD. 

The wood of Sautalum album, L. (Nat. ord., Santalacece) a small tree 
indigenous to Southern India and the islands of the Eastern Archipelago. 

Its most important constituent is a volatile oil, which has the odor of 
the wood, and possesses its medicinal virtues. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

Oleum Santali — Oil of Sandal-wood. 

Obtained from sandal-wood by distillation. Used as a substitute for 
copaiba in the treatment of gonorrhoea. 

Dose : 20 to 40 minims. Generally administered in capsules. 



SANTONICA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— LEVANT WORHSEED. 

The unexpanded flowers of a variety of Artemisia maritima, L. (Nat. 
ord., Composites), a low, shrubby plant indigenous to Asia. 

Levant wormseed owe their medicinal efficacy to a peculiar, crystalline 
principle termed santonin, which is a very efficient anthelmintic for lum- 
briei. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Santoninum (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Santonin. 

Take of Santonica 48 ounces. 

Lime, recently slaked 18 ounces. 

Animal charcoal sufficient. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Acetic acid sufficient. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Digest the santonica and lime with 12 pints of diluted alcohol for 
twenty-four hours, and express. Repeat the process twice with the resi- 
due, mix the tinctures, reduce to 8 pints by distilling off the alcohol, filter, 
evaporate to one-half, gradually add acetic acid to slight excess, and set 
aside for forty-eight hours. Wash and dry the precipitate, then boil it with 
ten times its weight of alcohol, digest several times with animal charcoal, 
filter while hot, washing the charcoal with hot alcohol, then set aside in a 
dark place to crystallize. Lastly, dry the crystals on bibulous paper in the 
dark. 

It is in colorless crystals, nearly tasteless, and but very slightly soluble 
in cold water. 

Dose : 3 to 6 grains. 



soap. 333 

Trochisci Santonini (U. S., Fr., Ger.) — Troches of Santonin. 

Take of Santonin ^ ounce. 

Sugar 18 ounces. 

Tragacanth J- ounce. 

Orange flower water sufficient. 

Rub the powders together, then with the orange flower water form a 
mass, to be divided into 480 troches. 



SAPO (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SOAP. 

Soaps are formed by combining oils or fats with alkalies. The only 
one recognized by the United States Pharmacopoeia is that made with soda 
and olive oil, the white castile soap of commerce, while not only this, but 
several other varieties are officinal in the European Pharmacopoeias. 

Soap is mildly laxative and antacid, but is seldom used alone for these 
purposes. It is, however, often combined with resinous substances in pills, 
increasing their action by hastening their solution. Externally it is em- 
ployed in plasters and liniments. Here it acts by softening the epidermis, 
and thus favoring the absorption of the substances with which it is com- 
bined. 

Dose : 5 to 30 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Ceratum Saponis (U. S.) — Soap Cerate. 

Take of Soap plaster 2 ounces. 

Yellow wax 2J ounces. 

Olive oil (by weight) 4 ounces. 

Melt together the plaster and wax, add the oil, and, after continuing 
the heat a few minutes, stir until cool. 

Emplastrum Saponis (TJ. S. et al. Ph.) — Soap Plaster. 

Take of Soap, sliced 4 ounces. 

Lead plaster 36 ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Eub the soap with water until brought to a semi-liquid state, then add 
the plaster, previously melted, and boil to a proper consistence. 

Linimentum Saponis (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Soap Liniment. 

Take of Soap, in shavings 4 ounces. 

Camphor 2 ounces. 

Oil of rosemary i ounce. 

Water 6 ounces. 

Alcohol 2 pints. 

Digest the soap in the water until dissolved ; dissolve the camphor and 
oil in the alcohol, mix the two solutions, and filter. 



334 MEDICAL FOBMULAEY. 

Piluia Saponis Composita (IT. S., Br.) — Compound Pill of Soap. 

Take of Opium, in fine powder 60 grains. 

Soap, in fine powder J ounce. 

Beat together with water so as to form a pilular mass. 
Dose : 3 to 5 grains. See also Pilule? Opii. 

Curd Soap (Br.). 

A soap made with soda and a purified animal fat, consisting principally 
of stearin. 

Medicinal Soap (Ger.). 

Take of Solution of caustic soda 60 parts. 

Olive oil 100 parts. 

Digest until a soap is formed, then dissolve it in 300 parts of distilled 
water, and add a solution of 25 parts of common salt in 75 parts of dis- 
tilled water. Boil until the soap has separated from the liquid portion, 
cool, wash with distilled water, dissolve again in 60 parts of hot distilled 
water, and pour into moulds. 

Soft Soap (Br., Ger.) — Green Soap. 

Soap made with olive oil and potash. It is yellowish green, inodorous, 
of a gelatinous consistence (British)-; a lubricious, yellowish green mass, 
of a nauseous smell (German). 

Ammoniated Soap Leseuext (Ger.). 

Take of Common hard soap 1 part. 

Water 30 parts. 

Alcohol 10 parts. 

Water of ammonia. 15 parts. 

Digest the soap in the water and alcohol until dissolved, then add the 
water of ammonia, and mix. 



Soap Cerate Plaster (Br.) 

Take of Hard soap 10 ounces. 

Yellow wax 12^ ounces. 

Olive oil 20 ounces. 

Oxide of lead 15 ounces. 

Vinegar 1 gallon. 

Boil the oxide and vinegar together on a water-bath, until the oxide 
has combined with the acid, then add the soap, and boil until the moisture 
has evaporated. Filially, add the wax and oil melted together, and heat, 
stirring constantly, until reduced to the proper consistence for a plaster. 



SARSAPARILLA. 335 

Spirit of Soap (Ger.). 

Take of Castile soap 1 part. 

Alcohol 3 parts. 

Rose water 2 parts. 

Dissolve by digestion with a gentle heat, and filter. 

Lotions of Soap. 

Take of Soft soap 1 ounce. 

Boiling water 16 ounces. 

Mix, and perfume to taste. 

Used in second stage of eczema, to counteract the infiltration. 

Tilbury Fox. 

Take of Soft soap 1 ounce. 

Alcohol 1 ounce. 

Oil of cade 1 ounce. 

Oil of lavender H drachm. 

Mix. Used like the preceding, in eczema. McCall Anderson. 



SARSAPARILLA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— SARSAPARILLA. 

The root of Smilax officinalis, H. B. K. and of other species (Nat. ord., 
Smilacece), climbing plants of the West Indies and Central America. 

Sarsaparilla was formerly held in high repute as a tonic and alterative, 
and was largely used in scrofula, syphilis, etc., but it is not much esteemed 
at present. 

Dose : 30 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Deeoetum Sarsaparillas Compositum (U. S., Br.) — Compound De- 
coction of Sarsaparilla. 

Take of Sarsaparilla 6 ounces. 

Bark of sassafras root ^ 1 ounce. 

Guaiacum wood 1 ounce. 

Liquorice root 1 ounce. 

Mezereon 3 drachms. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil in 4 pints of water for fifteen minutes, then digest for two hours 
in a covered vessel at about 200°, strain, and add sufficient water through 
the strainer to make 4 pints. 

Dose : 2 to 4 ounces. 

The German Pharmacopoeia has two compound decoctions : Zittmann's 
Stronger and Milder ; but as their formulae are long, while the products 
are not much used in this countrv, thev are omitted. 



336 MEDICAL FORMULAKY. 

Extraetum Sarsaparilla? Compositum Fluidum (U. S.) — Compound 
Fluid Extract of Sarsaparilla. 

Take of Sarsaparilla 16 ounces. 

Liquorice root 2 ounces. 

Sassafras 2 ounces. 

Mezereon 6 drachms. 

Glycerin % pint. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix -| pint of alcohol with 4 ounces each of glycerin and water, moisten 
the powders with 6 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the 
general formula, page 161. Continue the percolation with diluted alcohol 
until 2 pints are obtained, reserve the first 12 ounces, add 4 ounces of gly- 
cerin to the remainder, evaporate to 6 ounces, and mix with the reserved 
portion. 

Dose : 30 to 60 minims. 

Extraetum Sarsaparilla? Fluidum (U. S., Br.) — Fluid Extract of Sar- 
saparilla. 

Take of Sarsaparilla 16 ounces. 

Glycerin % pint. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Proceed as in the preceding preparation until 26 ounces are obtained ; 
reserve the first 10 ounces, add 4 ounces of glycerin to the remainder^ 
evaporate to 6 ounces, and mix with the reserved portion. 

Dose : 30 to 60 minims. 

Syrupus Sarsaparilla? Compositus (XJ. S., Fr., Ger.) — Compound 

Syrup of Sarsaparilla. 

Take of Sarsaparilla 24 ounces. 

Guaiacum wood 3 ounces. 

Pale rose 2 ounces. 

Senna • 2 ounces. 

Liquorice root 2 ounces. 

Oil of sassafras 5 minims. 

Oil of anise 5 minims. 

Oil of gaultheria 3 minims. 

Sugar 96 ounces. 

Water 1 pint. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Macerate the solid ingredients, except the sugar, in 3 parts of diluted 
alcohol for four days, then percolate until 6 pints of tincture are obtained. 
Evaporate to 3 pints, add the water, filter, then add the sugar ; dissolve 
with the aid of heat, and strain while hot. Lastly, rub the oils with a 
small portion of the syrup, then mix with the remainder. 

Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 



SASSAFRAS SCAMMONY. 337 



SASSAFRAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SASSAFRAS. 

The bark of the root of Sassafras officinale, Nees (Nat. ord., Lauracece), a 
tree indigenous to North America. 

It is an agreeable aromatic, and is used for flavoring. Its volatile oil 
(Oleum Sassafras) is commonly employed instead of the bark. 

The pith of the young branches (Sassafras Medulla, II. S.), abounds in 
mucilage, which is highly esteemed as a demulcent. 



PREPARATION. 
Mucilago Sassafras Medullae (U. S.)— Mucilage of Sassafras Pith. 

Take of Sassafras pith 120 grains. 

Water 1 pint. 

Macerate three hours, and strain. 



S( "AMMONIUM (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— SCAMMONY. 

A resinous exudation from the root of Convolvulus scammonium, L. 
(Nat. ord,, Convolvulacece), a twining plant indigenous to Syria, Asia Minor, 
and Greece. 

Scammony is a very active hydragogue cathartic, but as it acts with great 
violence, it is seldom used except in combination with other drugs which 
modify its action. It owes its virtues to a resin (Besina Scammonii), which 
is generally used instead of the crude drug. It is one of the constituents 
of compound extract of colocynth. 

Dose : 5 to 15 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Resina Scammonii (IT. S. et al. Ph. ) — Resin of Scammony. 

Take of Scammony 6 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Digest the scammony with successive portions of boiling alcohol until 
exhausted. Mix the tinctures, reduce to a syrupy consistence by distilling 
off the alcohol, add the residue to 1 pint of water, collect, wash and dry 
the precipitate. 

Dose : 4 to 8 grains. 

The British and German Pharmacopoeias prepare this resin from scam- 
monv root, though the former permits its preparation from scammorv also. 
22 



338 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Confection of Scammony (Br.). 

Take of Scammony 3 ounces. 

Ginger 1J ounce. 

Oil of caraway 1 drachm. 

Oil of cloves ^ drachm. 

Syrup 3 ounces. 

Clarified honey (by weight) lj- ounce. 

Kub the powders with the syrup and the honey, then add the oil, and 
mix. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 



Scammony Mixture (Br.). 

Take of Besin of scammony 4 grains. 

Milk 2 ounces. 

Triturate the scammony with the milk, added gradually. 
Dose : £ to 2 ounces, for a child. 



Compound Pill of Scammony (Br.). 

Take of Besin of scammony 1 ounce. 

Besin of jalap 1 ounce. 

Curd soap 1 ounce. 

Strong tincture of ginger 1 ounce. 

Bectified spirit 2 ounces. 

Mix, and dissolve with a gentle heat ; then evaporate on a water-bath to 
a proper consistence. 
Dose : 2 to 15 grains. 



Compound Powder of Scammony (Br.). 

Take of Scammony 4 ounces. 

Jalap 3 ounces. 

Ginger 1 ounce. 

Mix thoroughly, pass through a fine sieve, and finally rub lightly in a 
mortar. 

Dose : 10 to 20 grains. 

Tincture of Scammony (Fr.). ¥ 

Take of Scammony 1 part. 

Alcohol (80fo) 5 parts. 

Macerate ten days, agitating occasionally, and filter. 
Dose : % to 1 drachm. 



SQUILL. 339 



SCILLA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— SQUILL. 

The bulb of Scilla inaratinia, L. (Nat. ord., Liliacece), a small plant in- 
digenous to Southern Europe and the adjacent parts of Asia. It is usually 
diced and dried, and occurs in pieces which are brittle when dry, but flexi- 
ble when damp. It has a bitter, nauseous taste, with some acridity, and but 
little odor. 

Squill is diuretic and expectorant, and in overdoses acts as a violent 
emetic. It is used in chronic and subacute bronchial affections, cardiac 
dropsy, etc. 

Dose : 1 to 12 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Acetum Seillae (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— Vinegar of Squill. 

Take of Squill 4 ounces. 

Diluted acetic acid sufficient. 

Moisten the squill with 8 ounces of the acid, and, after it has ceased to 
swell, pack, and percolate until the filtered liquid measures 2 pints. 

It may also be prepared by macerating the squill in 2 pints of diluted 
acetic acid for seven days, expressing, and filtering. 

Dose : 15 to 30 minims. 

Extr actum Seillae Fluidum (U. S.)— Fluid Extract of Squill. 

Take of Squill 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 2 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix the glycerin with 14 ounces of alcohol, moisten the squill with 4 
ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general formula, page 
161. Finish the percolation with a menstruum of 2 parts of alcohol and 
1 part of water. 

Dose : 1 to 12 minims. 

Pilulae Seillae Compositae (U. S., Br.)— Compound Pills of Squill. 

Take of Squill 12 grains. 

Ginger 24 grains. 

Ammoniac 24 grains. 

Soap 36 grains. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Mix the powders, beat into a mass with syrup, and divide into 24 pills. 
Dose : 1 to 3 pills. 



340 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Syrupus Seillae (U. S., Br.) — Syrup of Squill. 

Take of Vinegar of squill 1 pint. 

Sugar 24 ounces. 

Dissolve with the aid of heat, and strain while hot. 
Dose : £ to 1 drachm. 



Syrupus Seillae Compositus (XL S.) — Compound Syrup of Squill. 

Take of Squill 4 ounces. 

Seneka 4 ounces. 

Tartrate of antimony and potassium 48 grains. 

Sugar 42 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

"Water sufficient. 

Macerate the squill and seneka in •§- pint of diluted alcohol for four days, 
then percolate until 1 pint is obtained. Boil a few minutes, evaporate on 
a water-bath to 2 pints, add 14 ounces of boiling water, and filter. Dissolve 
the sugar in the solution, heat to the boiling-point, strain, add the tartrate, 
and pour sufficient water through the strainer to make the syrup measure 
3 pints. 

Dose : 10 to 60 minims. 



Tinetura Seillae (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Tincture of Squill. 

Take of Squill 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol . . » . sufficient 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 10 to 20 minims. 



Oxymel of Squill (Br., Fr., Ger.). 

Take of Vinegar of squill 20 ounces. 

Clarified honey 2 pounds. 

Mix, and evaporate on a water-bath until the product has the sp. gr. 
1.32. 

Dose : \ to 1 drachm. 

Mixtures of Squill. 

Take of Vinegar of squill \ ounce. 

Fluid extract of ipecac \ drachm. 

Deodorized tincture of opium 1 drachm. 

Syrup of tolu 10 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every two, three, or four hours. In bronchial 
catarrh. Bartholow. 



SENEGA SNAKEROOT. 341 

Take of Vinegar of squill 2 drachms. 

Tincture of digitalis 30 drops. 

Water 1 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm three or four times a day, for children two years 
old. In pleurisy with effusion. Ifeigs and Pepper. 

Pills of Squill. 

Take of Squill 6 grains. 

Ipecac 6 grains. 

Extract of hyoscyanms 3 grains. 

Sulphate of morphia \ to 1 grain. 

Mix, and divide into 12 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill every four hours. In bronchial catarrh. Bartholow. 



SENEGA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SENEKA— SENEGA SNAKEROOT. 

The root of Poly gala Senega, L. (Nat. orcl, Polygalacece), a small herb 
indigenous to the United States. When fresh it has a peculiar, disagreea- 
ble odor, and a taste which is at first sweetish, but afterward acrid and irrita- 
ting. 

Senega is a stimulating expectorant, and, in large doses, an emeto-ca- 
thartic. It is used chiefly in chronic bronchial affections, but occasionally 
as an emmenagogue, and, in large doses, in acute rheumatism. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Decoetum Senegae (IT. S.) — Decoction of Seneka. 

Take of Seneka, bruised 1 ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil fifteen minutes, strain, and add sufficient water through the strainer 
to make 1 pint. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Very similar to Infusion of Seneka, Br. 

Extr actum Senegce (U. S., Fr., Ger.) — Extract of Seneka. 

Take of Seneka 12 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate until 3 pints of tincture a-re obtained. 
Evaporate this on a water-bath to the proper consistence. 
Dose : 1 to 3 grains. 



342 MEDICAL FORMULAS Y. 

Extractum Senegae Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Seneka. 

Take of Seneka 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the 
seneka with 4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161. Finish the percolation with diluted alcohol, reserve 14 
ounces, and add 1 ounce of glycerin to the remainder, before evaporation. 

Dose : 5 to 20 miriims. 

Syrupus Senegae (U. S., Ger.) — Syrup of Seneka. 

Take of Seneka 4 ounces. 

Sugar 15 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol 2 pints. 

Percolate the seneka with the diluted alcohol, evaporate the tincture on 
a water-bath, at or below 160°, to J pint ; then filter, add the sugar, dis- 
solve with a gentle heat, and strain while hot. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

Tincture of Seneka (Br.). 

Take of Seneka 2^ ounces. 

Proof spirit 20 ounces. 

Macerate the seneka forty-eight hours in 15 ounces of the spirit, then 
percolate with the remainder, express, filter, and add sufficient proof spirit 
to make 20 ounces. * 

Dose : \ to 2 drachms. 

Mixture of Seneka. 

Take of Syrup of seneka . 2 drachms. 

Solution of acetate of ammonia 4 drachms. 

Syrup of wild cherry 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every 3 hours. In pneumonia of children. 

H. S. Dessau, 



SENNA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SENNA. 

The senna of commerce is furnished by two species of Cassia, C. acuti- 
folia, Delile, and C. angustifolia, Vahl (Nat. ord., Leguminosce), both of 
which are shrubs indigenous to Northern Africa. 

Senna is a prompt and efficient cathartic, operating, however, with 
some griping, which is generally counteracted by the use of aromatics, or 
neutral salts in combination with it. 

Dose : £ to 2 drachms. 



SENNA. 343 

PREPARATIONS. 
Confectio Sennae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Confection of Senna. 

Take of Seima 8 ounces. 

Coriander 4 ounces. 

Purging cassia 16 ounces. 

Tamarind 10 ounces. 

Prune 7 ounces. 

Fig 12 ounces. 

Sugar 30 ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Reduce the cassia, tamarind, prune, and fig to a pulpy liquid by diges- 
tion with water on a water-bath, rub through a seive, dissolve the sugar in 
it by a gentle heat, and evaporate until it weighs 84 ounces. Lastly, add 
the senna and coriander, and mix. 

Dose : 1 to 3 drachms. 

Extraetum Sennae Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Senna. 

Take of Senna 16 ounces. 

Glycerin ^ pint. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

. Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol with 4 each of glycerin and water, moisten the 
senna with 8 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161. Continue the percolation with diluted alcohol until 
26 ounces are obtained, reserve the first 10 ounces, mix 4 ounces of glycerin 
with the remainder, evaporate to 6 ounces, and mix with the reserved 
portion. 

Dose : .J- to 2 drachms. 

See also Extraetum Spigelice et Sennce Fluidum, 

Infusum Sennae (U. S., Br.) — Infusion of Senna. 

Take of Senna 1 ounce. 

Coriander 1 drachm. 

Boiling w T ater 1 pint. 

Macerate an hour in a covered vessel, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 4 ounces. 

The British Pharmacopoeia directs: senna, 1 ounce ; ginger, 30 grains ; 
boiling distilled water, 10 ounces. 

Compound Infusion of Senna (Ger.). 

Take of Senna : 2 parts. 

Tartrate of potassium and sodium 2 parts. 

Manna , 3 parts. 

Boiling water 12 parts. 

Infuse the senna in the water for five minutes, express, dissolve the salt 
and manna in the infusion, and strain. 



344 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Extract of Senna (Fr.). 

Take of Senna 1 part. 

Boiling distilled water 8 parts. 

Infuse the senna in 6 parts of the water for 12 hours, and express. Re- 
peat the operation with the remainder of the water, evaporate the infusions 
separately to a syrupy consistence, then mix, and evaporate to a soft ex- 
tract. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 

Compound Mixture of Senna (Br.). 

Take of Sulphate of magnesium 4 ounces. 

Extract of liquorice -| ounce. 

Tincture of senna 2^- ounces. 

Compound tincture of cardamoms 10 drachms. 

Infusion of senna sufficient. 

Dissolve the sulphate and the extract in 14 ounces of infusion of senna, 
with a gentle heat, add the tinctures, and sufficient infusion of senna to 
make 20 ounces. 

Dose : 1 to 1-J ounce. 

Syrup of Senna (Br.). 

Take of Senna 16 ounces. 

Oil of coriander 3 minims. 

Refined sugar 24 ounces. 

Distilled water 100 ounces, or sufficient. 

Rectified spirits 2 ounces. 

Digest the senna in 70 ounces of the water for twenty-four hours at 
120°, express and strain. Digest the marc in 30 ounces of water for six 
hours, express and strain. Evaporate the mixed liquids on a water-bath to 
10 ounces, and, when cold, add the spirit, previously mixed with the oiL 
Filter, adding sufficient water through the filter to make 16 ounces, then 
add the sugar, and dissolve with a gentle heat. 

Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 



Tincture of Senna (Br., Fr.). 

Take of Senna 2^ ounces. 

Raisins, freed from seeds 2 ounces. 

Caraway ^ ounce. 

Coriander % ounce. 

Proof spirit 20 ounces. 

Obtain, by maceration and percolation, 20 ounces. 
Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. See also Tinctura Bhei et Senna?. 
The French Codex obtains, by percolation, 5 parts of tincture from 1 
part of senna. 



VIRGINIA SNAKEROOT. 345 

Mixtures of Senna. 

Take of Senna 2 drachms. 

Coffee 1 drachm. 

Hot milk 3 ounces. 

Boiling water 3 ounces. 

Infuse. Dose : The whole may be drunk after twelve hours. 

Bartholoiv. 

Take of Senna £ ounce. 

Sulphate of magnesium 1 ounce. 

Manna 1 ounce. 

Fennel 1 drachm. 

Boiling water ^ pint. 

Macerate in a covered vessel till cool. 

Dose : J of the mixture every four or five hours till it operates. 
Known as Black Draugld. Wood. 



SERPENTARIA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— VIRGINIA SNAKEROOT. 

The root of Aristolochia Serpentaria, L. (Nat. ord., Aristolochiacece), an 
herbaceous perennial indigenous to the United States, growing most 
abundantly near the Alleghany Mountains. 

It is diaphoretic, diuretic, tonic, and stimulant. The infusion, taken 
warm, is used as a diaphoretic in acute febrile diseases. 

Dose : 15 to 30 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum Serpentariae Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Serpen- 
taria. 

Take of Serpentaria 16 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the serpentaria with 4 ounces of the alcohol, and proceed ac- 
cording to general formula, page 161. 
Dose : 15 to 30 minims. 



Infusum SerpentariaB (JJ. S., Br.) — Infusion of Serpentaria. 

Take of Serpentaria i ounce. 

"Water sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 1 pint. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 



3 40 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Tinctura Serpentariae (U. S., Br.) — Tincture of Serpentina. 

Take of Serpentaria 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : A to 2 ounces. 



SEVUM (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— SUET. 

The prepared fat of the sheep (Ovis Aries, L.) Mutton suet is a white, 
solid, nearly odorless fat. It is used as a dressing for ulcers and excoriated 
surfaces, and as an ingredient of ointments, cerates, etc. 



SINAPIS (IT. S. et al Ph.)— MUSTARD. 

The seed of Sinapis alba, L., and of Sinapis nigra, L. (Nat ord,, Cruci- 
feixe), white, and black mustard, respectively, both of which are indigenous 
to the Old World, but are cultivated and have become naturalized here. 

Both kinds of mustard seed yield, upon pressure, a fixed oil. The black 
seeds, by distillation, yield a volatile oil, of an acrid, irritating character; the 
white seeds yield no volatile oil, but, treated with water, a white crystal- 
line principle is obtained, which corresponds to the volatile oil obtained 
from the black seeds. 

Mustard is an acrid stimulant and irritant. Internally it is used as an 
emetic, and, in small doses, as a stomachic. Externally it is used as a 
rubefacient. 

Dose : \ to 2 drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Charta Sinapis (U. S., Br.) — Mustard Paper. 

Take of Black mustard 90 grains. 

Solution of gutta-percha sufficient. 

Mix the mustard with sufficient of the solution to give it a semi-liquid 
consistence, spread upon pieces of paper four inches square, and allow the 
surface to dry. Before applying to the skin, dip for fifteen seconds in warm 
water. 

Mustakd Poultice (Br.), 

Take of Mustard 2^ ounces. 

Linseed meal 2 £ ounces. 

Boiling water 10 ounces. 

Mix the Unseed meal with the water, then add the mustard, with con- 
stant stirring. 



CAUSTIC SODA. 347 

Compound Liniment of Mustard (Br.). 

Take of Oil of mustard 1 drachm. 

Ethereal extract of mezereon 40 grains. 

Camphor 120 grains. 

Castor oil 5 drachms. 

Rectified spirit 4 drachms. 

Dissolve the extract and camphor in the spirit, and add the oils. 

Odl of Mustard (Br., Ger.). 

The oil distilled froin the seeds of black mustard, after expression of the 
fixed oil. 

Used externally as a rubefacient. 

Expressed Oil of Mustard. 
The oil expressed from the seeds of both the officinal species of mustard. 
Used as a vehicle, etc. 



SODIUM— SODIUM. 
SODA (U. S., Br.)— SODA— CAUSTIC SODA. 

Take of solution of soda a convenient quantity. Evaporate rapidly in 
an iron vessel until ebullition ceases and the soda melts. Pour this on a 
fiat stone, and when it has congealed, break in pieces, and preserve in a 
well-stopped bottle. 

Soda is very soluble in water and in alcohol. Exposed to the air it first 
becomes moist, and afterward effloresces. It is a powerful alkali, and is 
occasionally used as an escharotic. 

For internal use the officinal solution is generally employed. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Liquor Sodse (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Solution of Soda. 

Take of Carbonate of sodium 26 ounces. 

Lime 8 ounces. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Dissolve the carbonate in 3|- pints of distilled water, and heat to the 
boiling point. Mix the lime with 3 pints of distilled water, heat to the 
boiling point, add the solution of the carbonate, strain, and add sufficient 
distilled water through the strainer to make 6 pints. 

It is a colorless liquid, of an extremely acrid taste, and a strong, alka- 
line reaction. Used in preparations, and occasionally as an antacid. 

Dose : 5 to 20 minims. 



348 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Liquor Sodae Chlorinatae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Solution of Chlorinated 

Soda. 

Take of Chlorinated lime 12 ounces. 

Carbonate of sodium 24 ounces. 

Water 12 pints. 

Dissolve the carbonate in 3 pints of the water, and mix the chlorinated 
lime thoroughly with the remainder. Let the latter mixture stand twenty- 
four hours, then decant the clear liquid, place the residue on a strainer, 
and allow it to drain until enough liquid has passed to make, with that de- 
canted, 8 pints. Mix this with the solution of the carbonate, and strain, 
adding water, if necessary, to make 114- pints. 

It is a greenish yellow, transparent liquid, having a slight odor of chlo- 
rine, and a sharp, saline taste. Used internally as an antiseptic in low 
fevers, etc., and topically as a disinfectant application to foul ulcers and 
wounds, in diphtheria, scarlatina, etc. 

The British preparation is made by passing chlorine through a solution 
of carbonate of sodium. 

Dose : 30 to 60 minims. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Chlorine Poultice (Br.). 

Take of Solution of chlorinated soda 2 ounces. 

Linseed meal 4 ounces. 

Boiling water 8 ounces. 

Mix the linseed meal with the water, then add the solution of chlori- 
nated soda, with constant stirring. 

Gargle of Chlorinated Soda. 

Take of Solution of chlorinated soda. 24 minims. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. Disinfectant. Very useful in sloughing phagedena, and putrid 
conditions of the throat. London Throat Hospital. 

Lotion of Chlorinated Soda. 

Take of Solution of chlorinated soda \ ounce. 

Water 3J ounces. 

Mix. N. Y. Dispensary. 



SODII ACETAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— ACETATE OF SODIUM. 

Prepared by neutralizing acetic acid with carbonate or bicarbonate of 
sodium. 

Used as an alkaline diuretic for the same purposes as acetate of potas- 
sium, but is milder in its action, and less apt to derange the stomach. 

Dose : 20 crams to 2 drachms. 



ARSENATE OF SODIUM BENZOATE OF SODIUM. 349 



SODII AESENIAS (U. S.,Br., Fr.)— AKSENIATE OF SODIUM. 

Take of Arsenious acid 2 ounces. 

Nitrate of sodium 816 grains. 

Dried carbonate of sodium 528 grains. 

Distilled water, boiling hot ^ pint. 

Mix the powders, put the mixture into a large clay crucible, cover with 
a lid, and expose to a red heat until fusion has taken place. Then pour 
on a porcelain slab, and when solidified, and while still warm, dissolve in 
the water, filter, and set aside to crystallize. Drain the crystals, dry them 
rapidly on filtering paper, and keep in a well-stopped bottle. 

It is in colorless, transparent crystals, slightly efflorescent, and soluble 
in water. Produces the therapeutic effects of arsenic, but is not much 
used. 

Dose : y'g- to £ grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Liquor Sodii Arseniatis (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Solution of Arseniate of 

Sodium. 

Take of Arseniate of sodium, dried at 300° 64 grains. 

Distilled water 1 pint. 

Dissolve. 

Dose : 3 to 10 minims. 

Pills of Arseniate of Sodium. 

Take of Arseniate of sodium 2 grains. 

Extract of hops 20 grains. 

Sulphate of iron 20 grains. 

Extract of nux vomica 3 grains. 

Mix, and divide in'o 24 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three times a day. In chronic eczema, and psoriasis. 

Tilbury Fox. 

Take of Arseniate of sodium T V grain. 

Sugar of milk 1 grain. 

Extract of hops 3 grains. 

Make 1 pill. London Ophthalmic 



SODII BENZOAS— BENZOATE OF SODIUM. 

Prepared by neutralizing solution of soda with benzoic acid, evaporating, 
and crystallizing. 

It is in efflorescent, crystalline masses, soluble in water. Its effects are 
similar to those of benzoic acid. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 



350 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Inhalation of Benzoate of Sodium. 

Take of Benzoate of sodium .... 20 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. Antiseptic. Used by means of an atomizer. 

London Throat Hospital. 



SODII BICARBONAS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— BICARBONATE OF 

SODIUM. 

Take of Commercial bicarbonate of sodium 64 ounces. 

Distilled water 6 pints. 

Introduce the bicarbonate into a percolator, cover with wet muslin, and 
pour the water gradually upon it. When the water has ceased to drop, 
remove the salt from the percolator, and dry it on bibulous paper. 

Commercial bicarbonate of sodium is prepared by passing carbonic acid 
through a solution of carbonate of sodium. 

Bicarbonate of sodium is a white, opaque powder, wholly soluble in 
water. It is the least irritating of the alkaline carbonates, and is frequently 
employed as an antacid in dyspepsia, in gout, rheumatism, etc. 

Dose : 10 to 60 grains. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Pulveres Eflerveseentes (U. S., Fr., Grer.) — Effervescing Powders. 

Take of Bicarbonate of sodium 360 grains. 

Tartaric acid 300 grains. 

Divide each into 12 equal parts, and keep the parts of the bicarbonate, 
and those of the acid, in papers of different colors. 

A powder of each kind is dissolved in 3 or 4 ounces of water, the solu- 
tions mixed, and administered while in a state of effervescence. 



Trochisci Sodii Biearbonatis (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Troches of Bicarbo- 
nate of Sodium. 

Take of Bicarbonate of sodium 3 ounces. 

Sugar 9 ounces. 

Nutmeg 60 grains. 

Mucilage of tragacanth sufficient. 

Rub together the bicarbonate, sugar, and nutmeg, then with the muci- 
lage form a mass, to be divided into 480 troches. 
Dose : 1 to 6 troches. 



BICARBONATE OF SODIUM. 351 

Effervescent Citro-Tartrate of Soda (Br.). 

Take of Bicarbonate of sodium 17 ounces. 

Tartaric acid 8 ounces. 

Citric acid 6 ounces. 

Mix thoroughly, place in a dish heated to between 200° and 220°, and 
when particles begin to aggregate, stir until they assume a granular form. 
Dose : 60 grains to J ounce. 

Effervescing Solution of Soda (Br.). 

Take of Bicarbonate of sodium 30 grains. 

Water 20 ounces. 

Dissolve and filter, then pass into the solution as much carbonic acid 
as can be introduced with a pressure of seven atmospheres. Keep in bot- 
tles securely closed. 

Lotion of Bicarbonate of Sodium. 

Take of Bicarbonate of sodium 1 drachm. 

Glycerin 1-J drachm. 

Elder-flower water 6^ ounces. 

Mix. Used in eczema, lichen, and urticaria, to allay itching. 

Tilbury Fox. 

Mixtures of Bicarbonate of Sodium. 

Take of Bicarbonate of sodium 1 ounce. 

Tincture of ginger 2 drachms. 

Compound tincture of gentian 1 ounce. 

"Water 5 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 2 drachms. Hospital Formulary. 

Take of Bicarbonate of sodium 1 ounce. 

Compound tincture of cardamom 2 ounces. 

Compound tincture of gentian 2 ounces. 

Peppermint water 3 pints. 

Mix. N. Y. Dispensary. 

Powders of Bicarbonate of Soddjm. 

Take of Bicarbonate of sodium 2 j- grains. 

Calomel \ grain. 

Aromatic chalk powder 5 grains. 

Mix. One dose. Guy's Hospital. 

Take of Bicarbonate of sodium 1 drachm. 

Opium 1 grain. 

Ipecac 1 grain. 

Mix, and divide into 20 powders. 

Dose : 1 powder every three or four hours. 

Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled. 



352 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 



SODII BORAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— BORATE OF SODIUM- 
BORAX. 

Borax occurs in the waters of certain lakes in Thibet and Persia, and 
also of one in California. It is also prepared from certain minerals, as 
boracite, etc. 

Borax occurs in colorless crystals, of a mildly alkaline taste, and soluble 
in water. It is mildly refrigerant and diuretic, and is occasionally used in 
rheumatic and gouty affections. Its chief use, however, is as a topical ap- 
plication in aphtha?, sore nipples, leucorrhcea, skin diseases, etc. 

Dose : 5 to 40 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Glyeeritum Sodii Boratis (U. S., Br.) — Glycerite of Borate of Sodium. 

Take of Borate of sodium 2 ounces. 

Glycerin , • ^ pint. 

Rub together until the borate of sodium is dissolved. 

Mel Sodii Boratis (U. S., Br.)— Honey of Borate of Sodium. 

Take of Borate of sodium 60 grains. 

Clarified honey (by weight) 1 ounce. 

Mix. 

Gargles of Borax. 

Take of Borax 2 drachms. 

Yeast ^ ounce. 

Honey ^ ounce. 

Water to 8 ounces. 

Mix. BelVs Gargle — Hospital Formulary. 

Lotions or Borax. 

Take of Borax 1 drachm. 

Hydrocyanic acid 2 drachms. 

Rose water 8 ounces. 

Mix. Used in pruritus of old people. Neligan. 

Take of Borax '. -| ounce. 

Sulphate of morphia 6 grains. 

Rose water 8 ounces. 

Mix. Used in pruritus vulvae. C. D. Meigs. 

Take of Borax 40 grains. 

Oxide of zinc 1 drachm. 

Solution of subacetate of lead 2 drachms. 

Lime water 6 to 8 ounces. 

Mix. Used in eczema and herpes. Tilbury Fox. 



BOKO-BENZOATE OF SODIUM BROMIDE OF SODIUM. 353 

Ointment of Borax. 

Take of Borax 1 to 2 drachms. 

Glycerin 1 drachm. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

Mix. Used in eczema, erythema, intertrigo, lichen, and parasitic dis- 
eases. Tilbury Fox. 



SODII BORO-BENZOAS— BORO-BENZOATE OF SODIUM. 

Take of Borate of sodium 3 ounces. 

Benzoate of sodium 4 ounces. 

Water sufficient.- 

Dissolve the borate and the benzoate in the water, and evaporate slow- 
ly, stirring toward the end of the process so as to obtain a granular salt. 

"This mixture was proposed by the writer two years ago, as a means of 
combining the stimulant and antizymotic powers of borax and benzoic 
acid." W. M. Chamberlain. 

Lotion of Boro-Benzoate of Sodium. 

Take of Boro-benzoate of sodium 1 ounce. 

Fluid extract of hydrastis 1 ounce. 

Glycerin 1 drachm. 

Carbolic acid 20 minims. 

Camphor water 6 ounces. 

Water 6 ounces. 

Mix. Used in naso-pharyngeal catarrh. After cleansing the parts, ap- 
ply the lotion, either by means of the syringe or the nasal spray-bulb, 
three times daily. Under its use the secretion diminishes, and the swell- 
ing and oedema of the nasal membranes disappear. 

" This formula has been employed by several competent observers, and 
the general report has been favorable." W. M. Chamberlain. 



SODII BROMIDUM— BROMIDE OF SODIUM. 

Prepared by subjecting iron filings, mixed with water, to the action of 
bromine, precipitating with solution of carbonate of sodium, filtering, and 
crystallizing. 

Bromide of sodium occurs in colorless, transparent crystals, of a slightly 
alkaline taste, and freely soluble in water. Its effects are similar to those 
of bromide of potassium, and it is administered in the same manner. 

Dose : 5 to 60 grains. 
23 



354 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

SODII CARBONAS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— CARBONATE OF 

SODIUM. 

Carbonate of sodium exists in many mineral waters, in the ashes of 
many plants, and in numerous minerals. It occurs in commerce in large, 
colorless crystals, or crystalline masses, of a strong, alkaline taste, and freely 
soluble in water. It is less irritating than carbonate of potassium, and 
may be used for the same purposes, though the bicarbonate is generally 
preferred. 

Dose : 10 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Sodii Carbonas Exsieeata (U. S., Br., Ger.) — Dried Carbonate of So- 
dium. 

Take of carbonate of sodium, a convenient quantity. Heat in an iron 
vessel, with constant stirring, until it is thoroughly dried. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 

Lotion of Carbonate of Sodium. 

Take of Carbonate of sodium -| ounce. 

Sulphate of morphia 6 grains. 

Elder-flower water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Used in eczema, lichen, and urticaria, to allay itching. 

Tilbury Fox. 



SODII CHLOKIDUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— CHLORIDE OF SO- 
DIUM—COMMON SALT. 

Salt occurs native as rock salt, and exists in large proportions in sea- 
water, and in the waters of most saline springs. Its chief use in medicine 
is as a topical application in catarrhal affections of the mucous membranes, 
etc. 

Inhalation of Salt. 

Take of Salt 40 grains. 

Water 8 ounces. 

Dissolve. Stimulant. "Used by means of a steam-atomizer. 

G. M. Leferts. 



HYPOPHOSPHITE OF SODIUM IODIDE OF SODIUM. 355 



SOPH llVroPIIOSPHIS (U. S., Br.)— HTPOPHOSPHITE OF 

SODIUM. 

Prepared by precipitating a solution of hypophosphite of calcium with 
carbonate of sodium, filtering, and evaporating. 

Hypophosphite of sodium occurs as a white, granular salt, of a bitter, 
saline taste, and freely soluble in water. It is used in chronic bronchitis, 
phthisis, nervous diseases, etc. 

Dose : 5 to 10 grains. See Compound Syrup of Hypophosphites. 

Mixture of Hypophosphite of Sodium. 
Take of Hypophosphite of sodium 5 grains. 

Spirit of chloroform 10 minims. 

Syrup ^ drachm. 

Camphor water I ounce. 

Mix. One dose. London Chest Hospital. 



SOOII 1IYPOSULPI1IS (XL S. et al. Ph.)— HYPOSULPHITE 

OF SODIUM. 

Prepared by heating sulphur with dried carbonate of sodium, dissolv- 
ing in water, adding sulphur, and boiling. The resulting solution is fil- 
tered, evaporated, and crystallized. 

Hyposulphite of sodium is in large, colorless crystals, of a slightly al- 
kaline, bitter, sulphurous taste, and freely soluble in water. 

Owing to its power in arresting fermentation it is used in certain forms 
of dyspepsia, in zymotic diseases, and externally in cutaneous affections 
characterized by vegetable parasites, etc. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 

Lotion of Hyposulphite of Sodium. 

Take of Hyposulphite of sodium 1 ounce. 

Glycerin 1 ounce. 

Water 3 ounces. 

Mix. Used in pruritus vaginae. Tilbury Fox. 



SODII IODIDUM— IODIDE OF SODIUM. 

Prepared by decomposing a solution of iodide of iron with carbonate 
of sodium, filtering, evaporating, and crystallizing. 

Iodide of sodium occurs in colorless crystals, of an acrid, saline taste, 
and freely soluble in water. Its effects are similar to those of iodide of 
potassium, for which it is occasionally substituted in the treatment of 
syphilis, etc. 

Dose : 5 to 40 grains. 



356 MEDICAL FORMULAE Y. 

Saturated Solution of Iodide of Sodium. 

Take of Iodide of sodium 1 ounce. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. Dose : 5 to 10 minims, increased as desired, largely diluted 
with water. In syphilis. E. L. Keyes. 



SODII PHOSPHAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— PHOSPHATE OF 

SODIUM. 

Take of Bone, calcined to whiteness 120 ounces. 

Sulphuric acid (by weight) 72 ounces. 

Carbonate of sodium sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix the bone and acid in an earthen vessel, add 8 pints of water, di- 
gest three days, stirring frequently, and adding water to replace that lost 
by evaporation. Then add 8 pints of boiling water, and strain, gradually 
adding more boiling water until it passes nearly tasteless. Allow it to 
settle, decant, and boil down to 8 pints. Heat in an iron vessel, neutralize 
with carbonate of sodium previously dissolved in hot water, filter, and set 
aside to crystallize. 

Phosphate of sodium is in transparent crystals, which speedily effloresce 
when exposed to the air, have a cooling, saline taste, and are freely soluble 
in water. 

It is used in scrofula, joint diseases, rickets, etc. 

Dose : 20 to 40 grains. 



SODII SALICYLAS— SALICYLATE OF SODIUM. 

This salt may be prepared by carefully adding soda or carbonate of 
sodium to a saturated solution of salicylic acid in alcohol or diluted alco- 
hol, and evaporating to dryness on a water-bath. Care should be taken 
not to exceed the point of saturation, for if there be an excess of alkali the 
solution will turn brown. It is safer to stop just short of saturation. 

Charles Rice. 

Dose • 5 to 30 grains. Commonly administered in aqueous solution, 
sweetened with syrup or glycerin. 

Sodii Santonas (Ger.) — Santonate of Sodium. 

Take of Santonin 100 parts. 

Caustic soda, freshly prepared 13.2 parts. 

Water 450 parts. 

Introduce the santonin into a flask, add the soda previously dissolved 
in the water, and heat on a water-bath until a clear solution results ; then 



SULPHITE OF SODIUM SULPHOCARBOLATE OF SODIUM. 357 

filter, evaporate till a pellicle forms, and set aside to crystallize. From the 
mother-water the retained santonin may be recovered by precipitating it 
with hydrochloric acid. Charles Rice. 

Santonate of sodium is in colorless, transparent crystals, of a bitter, 
saline taste, and soluble in 3 parts of cold water ; 120 parts of it corre- 
spond with 100 parts of santonin. 

Dose : ^ to 3 grains, for children ; 3 to 6 grains, for adults. 



Elixir of Santonate of Sodium. 

Take of Santonate of sodium 307 grains. 

Simple elixir 1 pint. 

Dissolve. Each drachm represents 2 grains of santonin. 

Charles Rice. 
Dose : 15 minims to 1^ drachm, for children. 



SODII SULPHIS (U. S.)— SULPHITE OF SODIUM. 

Prepared by passing sulphurous acid gas through a solution of car- 
bonate of sodium until it acquires an acid reaction, evaporating, and crys- 
tallizing. 

Sulphite of sodium is in colorless crystals, of a cooling, sulphurous 
taste, and freely soluble in water. It is used in the same manner as hypo- 
sulphite of sodium, to arrest fermentation, etc. 

Dose : 20 to 60 grains. 

Mixture of Sulphite of Sodium. 

Take of Sulphite of sodium 20 grains. 

Infusion calumba 1 ounce. 

Mitt. One dose. Royal Chest Hospital. 



SODII SULPHOCAKBOLAS— SULPHOCARBOLATE OF 

SODIUM. 

Prepared by precipitating a solution of sulphocarbolate of barium with 
carbonate of sodium, filtering, evaporating, and crystallizing. 

Sulphocarbolate of sodium is in colorless crystals, freely soluble in 
water. It has been used in low fevers, diphtheria, phthisis, etc. 

Dose : 5 to 20 grains. 



358 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Gargle of Sulphocarbolate of Sodium. 

. Take of Sulphocarbolate of sodium 4 grains. 

Borax 18 grains. 

Glycerin 24 minims. 

Distilled water to 1 ounce. 

Mix, and dissolve. Antiseptic. London Throat Hospital. 

Mixture of Sulphocarbolate of Sodium. 

Take of Sulphocarbolate of sodium 20 grains. 

Camphor water 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Royal Chest Hospital. 



SPIGELIA (IT. S.)— SPIGELIA— PINKROOT. 

The root of Spigelia Marilandica, L. (Nat. ord., Loganiacece), an herba- 
ceous perennial indigenous to the Southern States. 

Pinkroot is an excellent anthelmintic for lumbrici. In very large doses 
it vomits and purges, and niay act as a narcotic poison, producing vertigo, 
convulsions, and insensibility. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachras. It should be followed bv a brisk cathartic. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Extraetum Spigeliae Fluidum (IT. S.) — Fluid Extract of Spigelia. 

Take of Spigelia 16 ounces. 

Glycerin -J pint. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol with 4 ounces each of glycerin and water, 
moisten the spigelia with 4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according 
to the general formula, page 161. Continue the percolation with diluted 
alcohol until 26 ounces are obtained ; reserve the first 10 ounces, add 4 
ounces of glycerin to the remainder, evaporate to 6 ounces, and mix with 
the reserved portion. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

Extraetum Spigeliae et Sennae Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of 

Spigelia and Senna. 

Take of Fluid extract of spigelia 10 ounces. 

Fluid extract of senna 6 ounces. 

Oil of anise 20 minims. 

Oil of caraway 20 minims. 

Mix the extracts, and dissolve the oils in the mixture. 
Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 



queen's delight. 359 

Infusum Spigeliae (U. S.)— Infusion of Spigelia. 

Take of Spigelia ^ ounce. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Macerate two hours in a covered vessel, and strain. 

Dose : I to 1 ounce for children ; 4 to 8 ounces for adults. 



STILLINGIA (U. S.)— STILLINGIA— QUEEN'S DELIGHT. 

The root of Stillingia sylvatica, L. (Nat. ord., Euphorbiacece), an herba- 
ceous perennial indigenous to the United States, growing from Virginia 
southward. It is 'diaphoretic and alterative, and is used in scrofula, 
syphilis, chronic cutaneous diseases, chronic rheumatism, etc. 

Dose : 15 to 40 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extractum Stillingiae Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Stillingia. 

Take of Stillingia 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 12 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 1 of water, moisten the 
stillingia with 4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the gen- 
eral formula, page 161. Finish the percolation with diluted alcohol, re- 
serve 14 ounces, and add 1 ounce of glycerin to the remainder, before evap- 
oration. 

Dose : 15 to 40 minims. 

Compound Syrup of Stillingia. 

Take of Stilhngia 6 parts. 

Turkey corn 6 parts. 

Blue flag 3 parts. 

Elder flowers 3 parts. 

Pipsissewa 3 parts. 

Coriander 2 parts. 

Prickly ash berries 2 parts. 

Sugar 55 parts. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Having reduced the solid ingredients, except the sugar, to a coarse 
powder, moisten, pack, and percolate, with a menstruum of 1 part of alco- 
hol and 3 parts of water. Keserve the first 35 parts of percolate, evaporate 
the next 25 parts to 7 parts, which are to be mixed with 3 parts of alcohol, 
and then with the reserved 35 parts. Lastly, dissolve the sugar in this 
liquid. J. U. Lloyd. 

Dose : 1 to 4 drachms. 



360 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

STRAMONIUM— THORN-APPLE. 

STKAMOXLI FOLIA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— STRAMONIUM 

LEAVES. 
STRAMONII SEMEN (U. S. et al. Ph.)— STRAMONIUM SEED. 

The leaves and seed of Datura Stramonium, L. (Nat. ord., Solanacece) a 
large annual herb indigenous to Asia, but naturalized in all temperate re- 
gions, and found growing in waste places. It has a very strong, disagreea- 
ble odor, and a nauseous taste. Both the leaves and seed contain an 
alkaloid termed daturia, to which they owe their medicinal activity. 

Stramonium is a narcotic, and in its action closely resembles bella- 
donna. It is used m neuralgia, whooping-cough, epilepsy, asthma, etc. 
The dried leaves are often smoked for temporary relief in asthmatic parox- 
ysms. In over-doses stramonium is a dangerous poison. 

Dose : Of the leaves, 1 to 5 grains ; of the seed, 1 to 3 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extraetum Stramonii Foliorum (U. S., Fr.) — Extract of Stramonium 

Leaves. 

Take of Stramonium leaves, recently dried 12 ounces. 

Alcohol 1 pint. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the stramonium with the alcohol, then percolate with diluted 
alcohol until 1 pint is obtained ; allow this to evaporate spontaneously to 
3 ounces. Continue the j^ercolation until 2 pints more are obtained, or the 
stramonium is exhausted ; evaporate this on a water-bath, at or below 160°, 
to the consistence of syrup, mix with the reserved portion, and continue the 
evaporation, at or below 120°, until it is reduced to a proper consistence. 

Dose : J to 1 grain. 

The French Codex and German Pharmacopoeia prepare also an extract 
from the fresh leaves. 

Extraetum Stramonii Seminis (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Extract of Stra- 
monium Seed. 

Take of Stramonium seed, in powder 16 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Macerate the powder in 1 pint of diluted alcohol for four days, then 
percolate until 2 pints are obtained. Distil off the alcohol, and evaporate 
on a water-bath until reduced to a proper consistence. 

Dose : £ to J grain. 

The British Pharmacopoeia treats the powder first with ether, in order to 
deprive it of its oil, and then proceeds as above. 



STRYCHXIJS r E. 361 

Tinctura Stramonii (17. S. et al. Ph.) — Tincture Ox Stramonium. 

Take of Stramonium seed, in powder 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 10 to 20 minims. 

The French Codex prepares one tincture from fresh, another from dried 
leaves, but none froin the seed. 

Unguentum Stramonii (U. S.) — Stramonium Ointment. 

Take of Extract of stramonium 60 grains. 

Water J drachm. 

Lard 420 grains. 

Rub the extract Avith the water, then add the lard, and mix. 

Mixture of Stramonium. 
Take of Tincture of stramonium 4- drachm. 

Ether ^ drachm. 

Tincture of opium 5 minims. 

Camphor water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. One dose. Royal Chest Hospital. 

Pills of Stramonium. 

Take of Extract of stramonium 6 grains. 

Extract of hyoscyainus 6 grains. 

Extract of opium 6 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 12 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill every three to six hours. In dysmenorrhea and neuralgia. 

Barlholow. 

Take of Extract of stramonium \ grain. 

Camphor 1 grain. 

Squill 2 grains. 

Syrup sufficient. 

Make 1 pill. St. Mary's Hospital 



STRYCHNIA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— STRYCHNIA— STRYCHNINE. 

Take of Nux vomica, rasped 48 ounces. 

Lime, in powder 6 ounces. 

Hydrochloric acid (by weight) 3^ ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Diluted sulphuric acid sufficient, 

Water of ammonia sufficient. 

Purified animal charcoal sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Macerate the nux vomica twenty-four hours in 16 pints of water, acidu- 
lated with one-third of the hydrochloric acid ; then boil two hours, express, 



362 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

and strain. Treat the residue twice successively in like manner, mix the 
decoctions, and evaporate to a thin syrup. Then add the lime, previously 
mixed with 1 pint of water, boil ten minutes, strain, wash, dry, and powder 
it. Treat the powder repeatedly with diluted alcohol to remove the brucia, 
until the washings are but faintly reddened by nitric acid. Then boil it 
with successive portions of alcohol until deprived of bitterness, mix the 
tinctures, distil off the alcohol, wash the residue, mix it with water, and add 
sufficient diluted sulphuric acid to dissolve the alcohol. Then add the 
charcoal, boil a few minutes, filter, evaporate, and crystallize. Dissolve the 
crystals in water, and add sufficient water of ammonia to precipitate the 
strychnine. Lastly, diy this on bibulous paper. 

Strychnia is a white, or grayish-white powder, of an intensely bitter 
taste, nearly insoluble in water, slightly soluble in cold, and readily soluble 
in boiling alcohol. 

Its effects do not differ materially from those of nux vomica, which see. 

Dose : fa to fa grain. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Stryehniae Sulphas (U. S., Fr.)— Sulphate of Strych. 

Take of Strychnia 1 ounce. 

Diluted sulphuric acid 9 drachms, or sufficient. 

Distilled water 1 pint. 

Mix the strychnia with the water, heat gently, and gradually add the 
acid until the alkaloid is dissolved. Filter, evaporate, and crystallize; 
drain the crystals, dry them rapidly on bibulous paper, and keep in a well- 
stopped bottle. 

It is a white, crystalline, efflorescent salt, of an intensely bitter taste, 
and readily soluble in water. Owing to its solubility, it is frequently em- 
ployed instead of strychnia. 

Dose : fa to y 1 ^- grain. 

Hypodermic Injection of Strychnia. 

Take of Sulphate of strychnia 2 grains. 

Distilled water 1 ounce. 

Dissolve with the aid of heat. 

Five minims contain fa grain. Bartholow. 

Mixtures of Strychnia. 

Take of Acetate of strychnia 1 grain. 

Compound tincture of cardamom £ drachm. 

Alcohol 2^- drachms. 

Water 2^drachms. 

Syrup to 4 ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm. Hospital Formulary. 



sulphur. 363 

Take of Sulphate of strychnia i grain. 

Diluted sulphuric acid J ounce. 

Sulphate of morphia 2 grains. 

Camphor water 3£ ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm every hour or two, in choleraic, and colliquative 
diarrhoea. Bartholow. 

Take of Sulphate of strychnia 1 grain. 

Pyrophosphate of iron J drachm. 

Diluted phosphoric acid ^ ounce. 

Syrup of ginger 3J ounces. 

Mix. Dose : 20 minims three times a day, for a child two years old. 
In infantile paralysis. " Hammond. 

Solution of Strychnia (Br.). 

Take of Strychnia, in crystals 4 grains. 

Diluted hydrochloric acid 6 minims. 

Rectified spirit 2 drachms. 

Distilled water 6 drachms. 

Mix the acid with 4 drachms of the water, and dissolve the strychnia 
in the mixture by the aid of heat ; then add the spirit and the remainder of 
the water. 

Dose : 5 to 10 minims. It should be termed solution of hydrochlorate 
of strychnia. 



SULPHITE (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— SULPHUR 

Sulphur is found native in many volcanic countries, and is widely dis- 
tributed in the mineral kingdom, in various combinations. It is a non- 
metallic element, crystallizable, of a yellow color, a feeble but peculiar odor 
and taste, insoluble in water, and volatilizable by heat. 

It is employed internally as a mild laxative, especially in hemorrhoids, 
but its chief use is as a topical application in scabies, and other diseases of 
the skin. 

Dose : 1 to 3 drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Sulphur Sublimatum (U. S. et aL Ph.) — Sublimed Sulphur. 

Prepared by subliming the crude article by heat. It is often strongly 
acid. 

Sulphur Lotum (U. S. et al. Ph.)— Washed Sulphur. 

Prepared by washing sublimed sulphur with water until entirely free 
from acid. 



364 MEDICAL FOBMULABY. 

Sulphur PraBcipitatum (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Precipitated Sulphur. 

Take of Sublimed sulphur 12 ounces. 

Lime 18 ounces. 

Hydrochloric acid sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Slake the lime with water, mix the sulphur with it, add 15 pints of 
water, boil two hours, adding water to preserve the measure, and filter. 
Dilute the filtered liquid with an equal bulk of water, and drop in the acid 
as long as a precipitate is produced. Lastly, wash and dry the precipitate. 

Unguentum Sulphuris (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Sulphur Ointment. 

Take of Sublimed sulphur 1 ounce. 

Lard 2 ounces. 

Mix. 

The German preparation is identical with this ; the British but half the 
strength. The French Codex directs : sulphur, 3 parts ; oil of almonds, 
2 parts ; benzoated lard, 6 parts. 

Compound Sulphur Ointment (Ger.). 

Take of Washed sulphur 1 part. 

Sulphate of zinc 1 part. 

Lard 8 parts. 

Mix. 

Confection of Sulphur (Br.). 

Take of Sublimed sulphur 4 ounces. 

Bitartrate of potassium 1 ounce. 

Syrup of orange peel 4 ounces. 

Rub well together. 
Dose : GO to 120 grains. 



Confection of Sulphur and Nutmeg. 

Take of Sulphur 1 ounce. 

Nutmeg 2 drachms. 

Confection of rose 2 drachms. 

Mix. Dose : £ ounce at bedtime. In painful internal hemorrhoids. 

Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled. 

Lotions of Sulphur. 

Take of Sulphur 1 drachm. 

Glycerin 1 ounce. 

Rose water 10 ounces. 

Mix. Apply two or three times daily. In acne of young women with 
disordered menses. Ringer. 



IODIDE OF SULPHUR. 365 

Take of Sulphur 1 part. 

Glycerin 1 part. 

Rectified spirit 1 part. 

Carbonate of potassium 1 part. 

Sulphuric ether 1 part. 

Mix. To be rubbed iuto the part affected with comedo. 

Tilbury Fox. 

Take of Lime 1 part. 

Sulphur 2 parts. 

Water 20 parts. 

Slake the liuie with some of the water, then add the remainder and the 
sulphur, boil to 12 parts, and filter. Used in scabies. 

Vlemingkx's Solution. 

Powder of Sulphur. 

Take of Sublimed sulphur 1 ounce. 

Bitartrate of potassium 1 ounce. 

Sulphate of magnesium 1 ounce. 

Carbonate of magnesium 1 ounce. 

Mix thoroughly. 

Dose : 1 to 4 drachms in a wineglass of sweetened water, before break- 
fast. For puerperal women predisposed to hemorrhoids. 

Fordyce Barker. 

Ointments of Sulphur. 

Take of Sublimed sulphur ; 10 parts. 

Tannic acid 5 parts. 

Petroleum ointment 85 parts. 

Mix. In acne and rosacea. G. H. Fox. 

Take of Sulphur 6 parts. 

Tar 6 parts. 

Soft soap 16, parts. 

Lard 16 parts. 

Chalk 4 parts. 

Mix. Used in scabies. Hebra. 



SULPHUETS IODIDUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— IODIDE OF 

SULPHUR 

Take of Iodine 4 ounces. 

Sublimed sulphur 1 ounce. 

Rub together, introduce the mixture into a flask, close the orifice 
loosely, and heat gently so as to darken the mass without melting it. 
Then increase the heat until the mass is melted, incline the flask in differ- 



S6(j MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

eut directions, iu order to return into the liquid any of the iodine which 
may have condensed on the inner surface of the vessel ; cool, break the 
flask when the liquid has solidified, reduce the iodide to pieces, and keep 
in a well-stopped bottle. 

Iodide of sulphur is a grayish black substance, having the odor of 
iodine, soluble in 60 parts of glycerin, but insoluble in water. Used exter- 
nally in skin diseases. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Unguentum Sulphuris Iodidi (XL S., Br., Fr.) — Ointment of Iodide of 

Sulphur. 

Take of Iodide of Sulphur 30 grains. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

Mix. 



TABACUM (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— TOBACCO. 

The dried leaves of Nicotiana Tabacum, L. (Nat. ord., Solanacece), a plant 
indigenous to tropical America, but cultivated in most temperate, sub- 
tropical, and tropical countries. 

Tobacco is narcotic and sedative, and, in full doses, emetic. In over- 
doses it is a dangerous poison. It is seldom used internally on account of 
the dangerous prostration which it is liable to produce. Externally, in the 
form of fomentation, it is often used in the treatment of orchitis. An infu- 
sion, or the smoke of burning tobacco, is occasionally introduced into the 
rectum for the relief of colic, ileus, strangulated hernia, etc. Tobacco has 
also been used with asserted benefit in traumatic tetanus. 



PREPARATIONS. 

Infusum Tabaci (U. S.)— Infusion of Tobacco. 

Take of Tobacco 60 grains. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Macerate an hour in a covered vessel, and strain. 
Dose : As an enema, |- to 4 ounces. 

It should be employed with great care, since it is liable to induce ex- 
cessive prostration. 

Oleum Tabaci (U. S.)— Oil of Tobacco. 

Take of Tobacco 12 ounces. 

Put it into a retort of green glass, connected with a refrigerated re- 
ceiver, to which is attached a tube for the escape of gases. Then, by means 



DANDELION. 367 

of ■ sand-bath, beat the retort to dull redness, and maintain that tempera- 
ture until the empyreumatic oil ceases to come over. Lastly, separate the 
dark, oily liquid from the watery portion, and keep in a well-stopped bottle. 
Employed externally. 



Ung-uentum Tabaei (U. S.) — Tobacco Ointment. 

Take of Tobacco ^ ounce. 

Lard 8 ounces. 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate the tobacco with the water until 4 ounces 
are obtained. Evaporate this to a soft extract, and mix it with the lard. 



Vinum Tabaei (U. S.) — Wine of Tobacco. 

Take of Tobacco 1 ounce. 

Sherry wine 1 pint. 

Macerate seven days, express and filter. 
Dose : 10 to 30 minims. 

This preparation, in nauseating doses, may be used in the paroxysms 
of spasmodic asthma, but lobelia is safer, and probably quite as efficient. 



TARAXACUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— DANDELION. 

The root of Taraxacum Dens-leonis, Desf. (Nat. ord., Compositce), a 
small herbaceous perennial indigenous to Europe, but naturalized and very 
common here. 

Dandelion is tonic, diuretic, and slightly aperient. It is used chiefly in 
dyspepsia attended with hepatic derangement, and in dropsy dependent 
upon disease of the liver. 

Dose : ^ to 2 drachms. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extraetum Taraxaei (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Extract of Dandelion. 
Take of Dandelion, gathered in September 60 ounces. 

Slice and bruise it, sprinkling on a little water, until reduced to a pulp. 
Then express and strain the juice, and evaporate it on a water-bath, to a 
proper consistence. 

Dose : 20 to 60 grains. 

The German preparation is made from the dried root. 



368 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Extraetum Taraxici Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract <*f Dandelion. 

Take of Dandelion 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the dan- 
delion with 4 ounces of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161. Finish the percolation with diluted alcohol, reserve 14 
ounces, and add 1 ounce of glycerin to the remainder, before evaporation. 

Dose : J to 2 drachms. Used chiefly as a vehicle. 

Infusum Taraxaei (U. S.) — Infusion of Dandelion. 

Take of Dandelion, bruised 1 ounce. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Macerate two hours in a covered vessel, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Sueeus Taraxaei (U. S., Br.) — Juice of Dandelion. 

Take of Fresh dandelion a convenient quantity. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Bruise the dandelion, express the juice, and to every 5 measures of 
juice add 1 of alcohol ; after seven days, filter. 

Dose : 2 to 4 drachms. 

The British Pharmacopoeia adds 1 measure of rectified spirit to 3 of 
the juice. 

Compound Elixir of Taraxacum. 

Take of Dandelion root 6 ounces. 

Wild cherry bark 4 ounces. 

Gentian root 1 ounce. 

Orange peel 2 ounces. 

Cinnamon 1 ounce. 

Coriander 1 ounce. 

Anise ^ ounce. 

Caraway ." J ounce. 

Cardamoms J ounce. 

Liquorice root 1 ounce. 

Simple syrup 2^ pints. 

Stronger alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 1 volume of the alcohol with 3 of water, and, having .reduced the 
solids to a powder, moisten, pack, and percolate with the diluted alcohol 
until 6£ pints of percolate have passed. Mix this with the syrup. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. Used as a vehicle for the administration of 
quinia, etc. New Remedies. 



TURPENTINE WHITE CEDAR. 369 



TEREB1NTH1NA (U. S.et al. Ph.)— TURPENTINE. 

The concrete oleoresin obtained from Finns palnstris, Mill., and from 
other species of Pinns (Nat. ord. s Conifercv), and commonly known as white 
turpentine. As it exudes from the tree, it is a viscid liquid, of a yellowish 
color, a teiTbinthinate odor, and a pungent, bitterish taste. By exposure 
to the aii*, it loses some of its volatile principle (oil of turpentine), and con- 
cretes into solid masses, which are hard and brittle in winter, but become 
semi-liquid in summer. 

Turpentine is seldom employed internally, oil of turpentine being com- 
monly used instead. It is a constituent of numerous preparations for ex- 
ternal use, as compound resin cerate, compound galbanum plaster, etc. 

Dose : 20 to GO grains. 



TEREBINTHINA CANADENSIS (U. S,, Br., Fr.)— CANADA 
TURPENTINE— CANADA BALSAM— BALSAM OF FIR. 

The oleoresin obtained from Abies balsamea, Marshall (Nat. ord., Coni- 
'•), the balsam fir-tree of North America. It is a transparent, viscid 
liquid, of a yellowish color, and a peculiar, agreeable, balsamic odor and 
taste. Upon exposure to the air it slowly hardens into a brittle mass, ow- 
ing to the loss of its volatile principle. Its chief use, like the preceding, 
is as a constituent of cerates, plasters, etc. 

Several other turpentines are employed medicinally, but all agree essen- 
tially in their therapeutic effects. Quite recently the use of Chian Turpen- 
tine (Terebinthina Chia) the oleoresin obtained from Pistacia terebinthus, L. 
(Nat. ord., Anacardiacece), a small tree found in the basin of the Mediterra- 
nean, has been revived, and it has been much lauded as a remedy for can- 
cer. Its claims, however, have not been substantiated, and it will soon 
take its place in the long list of discarded cancer specifics. 



THUJA— ARBOR VITJE— WHITE CEDAR. 

The small branchlets with the scale-like leaves of Thuja occidentalis, L. 
(Nat. ord., Coniferce), the common white cedar of the Northern States and 
Canada. It is cultivated in Europe, for ornamental purposes. 

Thuja possesses properties somewhat resembling those of savin. Dr. 
J. R. Learning, of New York, who has employed it for many years, finds it 
valuable in amenorrhcea from simple causes, in pulmonary hemorrhages, 
in malignant diseases, etc., and as a topical application to venereal and 
other warts, to cancerous ulcerations and tumors, etc. 

Dose : Of the fresh leaves -J to 1 drachm. It is not, however, adminis- 
tered in substance. 
21 



370 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Tincture of Thuja (Ger.). 

Take of Thuja (fresh) 5 parts. 

Alcohol 6 parts. 

Having bruised the thuja, add the alcohol, macerate eight days, and 
filter. 

Dose : J to 1 drachm. 

The following j>reparations were prepared at the suggestion of Dr. J. R. 
Learning, and have been largely employed by him, and by others upon his 
recommendation. 

Elixir of Thuja. 

Take of Thuja (fresh) 12 ounces. 

Alcohol, 1 part — Glycerin, 1 part sufficient. 

Percolate to 12 ounces, and set aside. Continue the percolation to 12 
ounces more, evaporate to 6 ounces, and mix with the reserved portion. 
Add an equal quantity (18 ounces) of simple elixir. Each drachm repre- 
sents 20 grains of thuja. 

Dose : 1 to 3 drachms. W. H. Lawes. 

Fluid Extract of Thuja. 

Take of Thuja 16 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Percolate to 10 ounces, and set aside. Continue the percolation until the 
thuja is exhausted, evaporate to 6 ounces, and mix with the reserved por- 
tion. 

Dose : ^ to 1 drachm. W. R. Lawes. 

Glycerite of Thuja. 

Take of Thuja 8 ounces. 

Alcohol, 1 part — Glycerin, 1 part sufficient. 

Percolate to 8 ounces, and evaporate to 4 ounces. W. H. Lawes. 

Ma} r be made into suppositories, or mixed with the fluid extract, for 
application to the os uteri, upon a pessary of cotton. J. R. Learning. 



THYMOL— THYMOL. 



A crystalline substance obtained froni oil of thyme, oil of American 
horsemint, and from some other essential oils. By submitting oil of thyme 
to a low temperature for a few days, thymol separates in the form of nearly 
colorless crystals, of a pleasant odor, an aromatic, burning taste, and solu- 
ble in 1 part of alcohol, 120 parts of glycerin, and 1200 parts of water. It 



TRAG ACANTH. 371 

is a powerful antiseptic, like carbolic acid, but is in general less irritating. 
Used topically, in many different forms, as a surgical dressing, by inhala- 
tion in throat diseases, etc. 

Inhalation of Thymol. 

Take of Thymol 6 grains. 

Rectified spirit 1 drachm. 

Light carbonate of magnesium 3 grains. 

Water to 8 ounces. 

Mix. 1 drachm in 20 ounces of water at 140° for each inhalation. A 
strong stimulant and disinfectant ; very useful in pharyngitis and laryngitis 
when associated with exanthemata. London Throat Hospital. 

Lotion of Thymol. 

Take of Thymol 5 grains. 

Rectified spirit 1 ounce. 

Glycerin 1 ounce. 

Water to 8 ounces. 

Dissolve . Crocker. 

Ointment of Thymol. 

Take of Thymol 8 grains. 

Oil of almonds 1 drachm. 

Cerate 5 drachms. 

Mix. Used in eczema. 






TRAGACAXTHA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— TEAGACANTII. 

A gummy exudation from several species of Astragalus (Nat. ord., Leg- 
uminosw), shrubs indigenous to Persia. 

Tragacanth occurs in hard and fragile flakes, or roundish masses, of a 
yellowish or brownish color, odorless, and almost tasteless. 

It is insoluble in alcohol, and ether, but with water forms a jelly-like 
mucilage, which is nutritious and demulcent. Used in making pills, 
troches, etc. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Mueilago Tragacanthae (U. S., Br., Fr.) — Mucilage of Tragacanth. 

Take of Tragacanth 1 ounce. 

Boiling water '. 1 pint. 

Macerate twenty-four hours, stirring occasionally, then beat into a uni- 
form consistence, and strain forcibly through muslin. 
Used as a vehicle. 



372 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Compound Powder of Tragacanth (Br.;. 

Take of Tragacanth 1 ounce. 

Gum arabic 1 ounce. 

Starch 1 ounce. 

Sugar 3 ounces. 

Rub them well together. 
Dose : 20 to 60 grains. 



ULMUS (U. S., Br., Fr.)— SLIPPERY-ELM BARK. 

The inner bark of Ulmus fulva, Michx. (Nat. ord., Urticacece), a medi 
sized tree indigenous to the United States. 

Slippery-elm bark contains a large quantity of mucilaginous matter, 
and is a valuable demulcent in acute inflammatory diseases, as dysentery, 
and those of the genito-urinary organs. 



PREPARATIONS. 
Mucilago Ulmi (U. S.) — Mucilage of Slippery-elm Bark. 

Take of Slippery-elm bark 1 ounce. 

Boiling water 1 pint. 

Macerate two hours in a covered vessel, and strain. 
Taken ad libitum, 



UYA URSI (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— UVA URSI— BEARBERRY. 

The leaves of Arctostaphylos Uva ursi, Spreng. (Nat., ord., Ericaceae), a 
very small shrub indigenous to the high latitudes of the Northern Hemi- 
sphere. 

Uva ursi is tonic, astringent, and diuretic. It is used chiefly in catar- 
rhal diseases of the genito-urinary organs. 

Dose : 20 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Decoctum Uvae Ursi (U. S.) — Decoction of Uva Ursi. 

Take of Uva Ursi 1 ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Boil for fifteen minutes, strain, and add sufficient water through the 
strainer to make 1 pint. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 






VALERIAS. 373 

Extr actum Uvae Ursi Fluidum (TJ. S.)— Fluid Extract of Uva Ursi. 

Take of Uva Ursi 16 ounces. 

Glycerin 4 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Water sufficient. 

Mix 8 ounces of alcohol, 3 of glycerin, and 5 of water, moisten the 
uva ursi with £ pint of the mixture, and proceed according to the general 
formula, page 161. Finish the percolation with diluted alcohol, reserve 
11 ounces, and add 1 ounce of glycerin to the remainder, before evapora- 
tion. 

Dose : 20 to 60 minims. 

Infusion of Bearberry (Br.). 

Take of Bearberry leaves J ounce. 

Boiling distilled water 10 ounces. 

Infuse in a covered vessel for two hours, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 






VALEKIANA (U. S. et al. Ph.)— VALERIAN. 

The root of Valeriana officinalis, L. {Nat. ord., Valerianacece) an herba- 
ceous perennial indigenous to Europe and Asia, but cultivated to some ex- 
tent in this country. 

Valerian has a hot, pungent taste, and a very strong, disagreeable odor. 
It acts as a stimulant and antispasmodic, and is used chiefly in hysteria, 
though it is occasionally employed in other nervous diseases, as chorea, 
epilepsy, whooping-cough, etc. 

Dose : 30 to 60 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extr actum Valerianae (TJ. S., Fr., Ger.) — Extract of Valerian. 

Take of Valerian ." 12 ounces. 

Alcohol 1 pint. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the valerian with 4 ounces of the alcohol, pack it in a percola- 
tor, pour on the remainder, and continue the percolation with diluted al- 
cohol until 1 pint of tincture is obtained. Allow this to evaporate spon- 
taneously to 3 ounces. Continue the percolation until 2 pints more are 
obtained, evaporate this on a water-bath to the consistence of syrup, mix 
with the reserved portion, and evaporate, at or below 120°, to the proper 
consistence. 

Dose : 10 to 30 grains. 






374 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Extractum Valerianae Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Valerian. 

Take of Valerian 16 troy ounces. 

Stronger alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the valerian with 5 ounces of the alcohol, and proceed accord- 
ing to the general formula, page 161. 
Dose : 30 to 60 minims. 

Infusum Valerianae (U. S., Br.) — Infusion of Valerian. 

Take of Valerian , £ ounce. 

Water sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate until the filtered liquid measures 1 pint. 
Or, macerate the valerian in 1 pint of boiling water for two hours in a cov- 
ered vessel, and strain. 

Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Tinetura Valerianae (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Tincture of Valerian. 

Take of Valerian 4 ounces. 

Diluted alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : £ to 2 drachms. 

Tinetura Valerianae Ammoniata (U. S., Br.) — Ammoniated Tincture 

of Valerian. 

Take of Valerian 4 ounces. 

Aromatic spirit of ammonia 2 pints. 

Macerate seven days, express and filter. 
Dose : \ to 1 drachm. 

Ethereal Tincture of Valerian (Ger., Er.). 

Take of Valerian 1 part. 

Spirit of ether 5 parts. 

Macerate eight days, express and filter. 
Dose : \ to 1 drachm. 

Mixtures of Valerian. 

Take of Ammoniated tincture of valerian 2 drachms. 

Lacto-peptin 32 grains. 

Bicarbonate of sodium 12 grains. 

Glycerin 2 drachms. 

Water 6 drachms. 

Orange flower water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Dose : 20 to 60. minims in 1 or 2 drachms of warm water, as re- 
quired. A carminative for infants, which contains no opiate. 

F. A. Burrall. 



VERATRIA GREEN HELLEBORE. 375 

Take of Fluid extract of valerian 30 parts. 

Camphorated tincture of opium 90 parts. 

Purified chloroform 1 part. 

Mix. Dose : 1 drachm in a wineglass of cold water every hour. In 
colic and gastralgia. Daniel Lewis. 

Pills of Valeman and Ikon. 

Take of Extract of valerian ^ drachm. 

Dried sulphate of iron 7 grains. 

Mix, and divide iuto 30 pills. 

Dose : One pill three times a day. In obstinate constipation, and 
anasarca. Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled. 



VERATRIA (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— VERATRIA. 

An alkaloid obtained from the seeds of Veratrum Sabadilla, Eetzius 
[Nat. ord., Melanthaceas) a bulbous plant indigenous to Mexico. 

Its therapeutic effects are similar to those of veratrum viride, but it is 
seldom employed internally. Used externally in neuralgia, gout, rheuma- 
tism, etc. 

Dose : -j^ to T V grain. 

PREPARATION. 

Ungnentum Veratriae (U. S., Br.) — Veratria Ointment. 

Take of Veratria 20 grains. 

Lard 1 ounce. 

Rub the veratria with a little of the lard, then add the remainder, and 
mix. 

British Pharmacopoeia directs : veratria, 8 grains ; prepared lard, 1 
ounce ; olive oil, ^ drachm. 



VERATRUM VIRIDE (IT. S., Br.)— AMERICAN HELLE- 
BORE—GREEN HELLEBORE. 

The rhizome of Veratrum viride, Ait. (Nat. ord., Liliacece), a tall, herba- 
ceous perennial indigenous to North America, growing in moist situations, 
often associated with skunk's cabbage (Symplocarpus fcetidus). It should 
not be confounded with European green hellebore (Helleborus viridis, L.), 
a very different plant, nor yet with white hellebore (Veratrum album, L.), 
which, though officinal, is seldom or never used in this country, and is 
therefore omitted here. 






376 MEDICAL FOKMULARY. 

The most important therapeutic action of veratrum is as a cardiac 
sedative. In large doses, or when too long continued, it induces vomiting 
and great prostration. It is used with great benefit in a variety of affec- 
tions, but chiefly those of an acute inflammatory character, as in the earlier 
stages of pneumonia, pleurisy, acute rheumatism, puerperal inflammations, 
etc. 

Dose : 1 to 4 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Extr actum Veratri Viridis Fluidum (U. S.) — Fluid Extract of Ameri- 
can Hellebore. 

Take of American hellebore 16 ounces. 

Stronger alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the hellebore with 5 ounces of the alcohol and proceed ac- 
cording to the general formula, page 161. 

Dose : 1 to 4 minims. 

This is the best form in which to administer veratrum, as the dose can 
be carefully regulated, and the effects noted. 

Tinetura Veratri Viridis (U. S., Br.) — Tincture of American Hellebore. 

Take of American hellebore 16 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 3 to 10 minims. 



ZINCUM (U. S., Br., Fr.)— ZIJSTC. 
ZINCI ACETAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— ACETATE OF ZINC. 

Take of Commercial oxide of zinc 2 ounces. 

Acetic acid 8-^ ounces. 

Distilled water 5 ounces. 

Mix the acid and water, digest the oxide in the mixture for half an 
hour, then heat to the boiling-point, filter while hot, and set aside to crys- 
tallize. Drain the crystals, and dry them on bibulous paper. 

It is in white, micaceous, efflorescent crystals, which are freely soluble 
in water. Chiefly used as a topical astringent, though it may be employed 
internally as an antispasmodic and tonic, and, in large doses, as an emetic. 

Dose : 1 to 2 grains, tonic ; 10 to 20 grains, emetic. 

Injections of Acetate or Zinc. 

Take of Acetate of zinc 12 grains. 

Water , 4 ounces. • 

Dissolve. Glycerin may be substituted for J or 1 ounce of the water. 
Used in the later stages of gonorrhoea. Bumstead. 



BROMIDE OF ZINC PRECIPITATED CARBONATE OF ZINC. 377 

Take of Acetate of zinc (j grams. 

Acetate of morphia 1 grain. 

Tannic acid 3 grains. 

Orange flower water • 1 drachm. 

Water to 1 ounce. 

Mix. The so-called Matico Injection. Bumstead. 

Ointment of Acetate of Zinc 

Take of Acetate of zinc 2 grains. 

Rose water 1 drachm. 

Cold cream 1 ounce. 

Mix. Used in erythema and herpes. Tilbury Fox. 



Z1XC1 BROMIDUM— BROMIDE OF ZINC. 

Take of Bromine 10 parts. 

Distilled water 20 parts. 

Granulated zinc 5 parts. 

Introduce the bromine and water into a flask, and gradually add the 
zinc. Warm to about 100°, preventing the escape of vapors by partially 
closing the flask with a small glass funnel. Digest a few hours, filter the 
colorless liquid tlirough asbestos, and evaporate it in a porcelain capsule 
with a gentle heat, until a sample, removed on a cold glass rod, congeals. 
Then raise the heat for a short time, taking care that only aqueous vapors 
rise, and, finally, stir until a dry mass remains, which must be immediately 
transferred to small, glass-stopped vials. 

It may also be prepared by dissolving precipitated carbonate of zinc 
in hydrobromic acid, filtering, and proceeding as above. Chaiies Rice. 

It produces essentially the same effects as the other bromides. 

Dose : 4- to 2 grains. 



ZIXCI CAKBONAS PR^CIPITATA (U. S., Br.)— PRECIPI- 
TATED CARBONATE OF ZINC. 

Take of Sulphate of zinc 12 ounces. 

Carbonate of sodium 12 ounces. 

Water 8 pints. 

Dissolve the salts separately, with the aid of heat, each in 4 pints of 
water, mix the solutions, and allow the precipitate to subside. Lastly, 
decant, wash the precipitate with hot water until the washings are nearly 
tasteless, and dry it with a gentle heat. 

It is a soft, white powder, tasteless, and insoluble. Used externally as 
an astringent and desiccant. The impure native carbonate ( Calamine) is 
used for the same purposes. 



378 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Ceratum Zinci Carbonatis (U. S.) — Cerate of Carbonate of Zinc. 

Take of Precipitated carbonate of zinc 2 ounces. 

Ointment 10 ounces. 

Mix. 

Lotion of Carbonate of Zinc. 

Take of Levigated calamine 6 drachms. 

Oxide of zinc 6 drachms. 

Glycerin 2 ounces. 

Lime water to 12 ounces. 

Mix. St Mary's Hospital. 

Powder of Carbonate of Zinc. 

Take of Prepared calamine 4- ounce. 

Oxide of zinc 4- ounce. 

Mix. As an absorbent powder. British Skin Hospital. 



ZINCI CHLOKIDUM (LT. S. et al. Ph.)— CHLORIDE OF ZINC. 

Take of solution of chloride of zinc a convenient quantity. 

Evaporate to dryness, fuse, pour the liquid upon a flat stone, and when 
it has solidified, break in pieces, and keep in a well-stopped bottle. 

It is a white, deliquescent salt, freely soluble in water, alcohol, and 
ether. Its chief use is as an escharotic, though it is occasionally employed 
internally. 

Dose : \ to 2 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Liquor Zinci Chloridi (U. S., Br.) — Solution of Chloride of Zinc. 

Take of Zinc, in small pieces 6 ounces. 

Nitric acid 150 grains. 

Precipitated carbonate of zinc 150 grains. 

Hydrochloric acid sufficient. 

Distilled water sufficient. 

Gradually add sufficient hydrochloric acid to the zinc to dissolve it, 
strain, add the nitric acid, and evaporate to dryness. Dissolve in 5 ounces 
of distilled water, add the carbonate, and agitate the mixture occasionally 
during twenty-four hours ; then filter, adding enough distilled water 
through the filter to make 1 pint. 

Used as a disinfectant, and, largely diluted, as an astringent and anti- 
septic. 






IODIDE OF ZINC OXIDE OF ZINC. 379 

Caustic of Chloride of Zinc. 

Take of Chloride of zinc 1 part. 

Oxide of zinc 1 part. 

Mix. British Skin Hospital 

Inhalation of Chloride of Zinc 

Take of Chloride of zinc 20 grains. 

Water 8 ounces. 

Dissolve. Use by means of a steam atomizer. Astringent and antiseptic. 

G. M. Lefferts. 

Injection of Chloride of Zinc. 

Take of Chloride of zinc 1 grain. 

Eose water 4 to 8 ounces. 

Dissolve. Used in gonorrhoea ; the injections should be frequently re- 
peated. Bartholow. 



ZIXCI IODIDUM— IODIDE OF ZIXC. 

Prepared by digesting zinc in a mixture of iodine and water. 

Iodide of zinc occurs as a white, deliquescent mass, of a metallic taste. 
It is used internally as a tonic and antispasmodic, and externally as a caus- 
tic, stimulant, etc. 

Dose : \ to 4 grains. 



ZENCI OXIDUM (U. S. et al. Ph.)— OXIDE OF ZINC. 

Take of Precipitated carbonate of zinc 12 ounces. 

Expose it, in a shallow vessel, to a low red heat until the water and car- 
bonic acid are expelled. 

It is a yellowish-white powder, tasteless, and insoluble. Used inter- 
nally as a tonic and antispasmodic, and topically in skin diseases. 

Commercial oxide of zinc (Zinci Oxidum Venale) is also officinal. Used 
in preparations. 

Dose : 1 to 8 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 

Unguentum, Zinoi Oxidi (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Ointment of Oxide of Zinc. 

Take of Oxide of zinc 80 grains. 

Ointment of benzoin 400 grains. 

Rub thoroughly together. 

British Pharmacopoeia : oxide of zinc, 80 grains ; benzoated lard, 1 ounce, 
French Codex : oxide of zinc, 1 part ; benzoated lard, 9 parts. German 
Pharmacopoeia : commercial oxide of zinc, 1 part ; rose ointment 9 parts. 



380 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Lotion of Oxide of Zinc. 

Take of Oxide of zinc 2 drachms. 

Calamine ^ ounce. 

Glycerin 2 drachms. 

Eose water 8 ounces. 

Mix. Used in eczema, generally where the surface is tender and red. 

Tilbury Fox. 

Ointments of Oxide of Zinc 

Take of Oxide of zinc 1 drachm. 

Carbonate of lead 1 drachm. 

Spermaceti 1 ounce. 

Olive oil sufficient. 

Make a soft ointment. Used in seborrhoea, when the skin is inflamed. 

Neumann. 

Take of Zinc ointment 1 ounce. 

Carbolic acid 30 grains. 

Mix. Middlesex Hospital. 

Pnxs of Oxide of Zinc. 

Take of Oxide of zinc 1 drachm. 

Extract of belladonna 5 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 20 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three times a day. In whooping-cough. Bartholow. 

Take of Oxide of zinc 2J grains. 

Hydrochlorate of morphia ^ grain. 

Extract of hops 2 grains. 

Make 1 pill. Dose : 1 to 3 pills. Consumption Hospital. 

Powders of Oxide of Zinc 

Take of Oxide of zinc 6 to 12 grains. 

Saccharated pepsin 30 grains. 

Subnitrate of bismuth 1 to 2 drachms. 

Mix, and divide into 12 powders. 

Dose : 1 powder every four to six hours. In summer diarrhoea of 
children. Bartholow. 



Take of Oxide of zinc 1 ounce. 

Calamine J ounce. 

Corn meal 4 ounces. 

Mix. Absorbent powder for excoriated surfaces. Tilbury Fox. 






PHOSPHIDE OF ZINC SULPHATE OF ZINC. 381 

ZINCI PHOSPHLDUM— PHOSPHIDE OF ZINC. 

May be prepared by adding phosphorus, iu small pieces, to fused zinc in 
a covered crucible. It is a gray, crystalline, or friable mass. Used in ner- 
vous diseases. 

Dose : -fa to J grain. 

Pills of Phosphide of Zinc and Nux Vomica. 

Take of Phosphide of zinc 3 grains. 

Extract of nux vomica 10 grains. 

Confection of roses sufficient. 

^Iix, and divide into 30 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill after each meal, commencing ten days before the menstrual 
period. For the headaches which attend or precede menstruation, when 
due to defective innervation, and difficult ovulation. 

When menstruation is about to commence, the patient should take two 
5 grain capsules of apiol after each meal, continuing their use during the 
whole menstrual period. 

A pill of phosphorus -^ grain, and nux vomica -J- grain, may be substi- 
tuted for the pill of phosphide of zinc and nux vomica. Fordyce Barker. 



ZIXC1 SULPHAS (U. S. et al. Ph.)— SULPHATE OF ZINC. 

Prepared by dissolving zinc in diluted sulphuric acid, and crystallizing. 

Sulphate of zinc is in colorless, transparent crystals, of a styptic, me- 
tallic taste, and readily soluble in water. In small doses it is tonic, anti- 
spasmodic, and astringent ; in large doses, a prompt and efficient emetic. 
Externally it is used as a caustic,- and, in solution, as an injection in gonor- 
rhoea, leucorrhcea, etc. 

Dose : 1 to 2 grains, tonic, etc. ; 10 to 20 grains, emetic. 

COLLYEIUM OF SULPHATE OF ZlNC 

Take of Sulphate of zinc 1 to 2 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 



Dissolve. 



Inhalation of Sulphate of Zinc. 



Take of Sulphate of zinc 40 grains. 

Water 8 ounces. 

Dissolve. Used by means of steam atomizer. Astringent. 

G. M. Lefferts. 



382 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 

Injections of Sulphate of Zinc. 

Take of Sulphate of zinc 8 grains. 

Acetate of lead 8 grains. 

Chloride of ammonium 4 grains. 

Alum 4 grains. 

Kose water 1 ounce. 

Mix. Used in gonorrhoea. Bartholow. 

Take of Sulphate of zinc 30 grains. 

Acetate of lead 30 grains. 

Rose water 6 ounces. 

Mix. Used in gonorrhoea. Bumstead. 

Sulphate of Zinc Paint. 

Take of Sulphate of zinc 1 drachm. 

Glycerin - 1 ounce. 

Water |- ounce. 

Mix. Used with the laryngeal brush. Astringent. 

G. M. Leferts. 

Take of Sulphate of zinc 60 grains. 

Water 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. Used like the preceding. London Throat Hospital. 

Pills of Sulphate of Zinc 

Take of Sulphate of zinc 12 grains. 

Opium 12 grains. 

Ipecac 12 grains. 

Mix, and make 12 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three or four times a day. In chronic diarrhoea and chronic 

dysentery. Bartholow. 






ZINC1 SULPHOCARBOLAS— SULPHOCAEBOLATE OF 

ZINC. 

Prepared by mixing two volumes of carbolic acid with one of sulphuric 
acid, heating to 290°, allowing to cool, diluting with water, and gently warm- 
ing with a slight excess of oxide of zinc. On filtering and evaporating, crys- 
tals are obtained which should be dried on bibulous paper. 

Used topically as a stimulant and antiseptic. 

Inhalation of Sulphocarbolate of Zinc 

Take of Sulphocarbolate of zinc 5 grains. 

Distilled water 1 ounce. 

Dissolve. Used by means of a spray apparatus. In secondary syphilis 
of the pharynx and larynx. London Throat Hospital. 



VALERIANATE OE ZINC GINGER. 3S3 

ZIX( I VALERIAN AS (IT. S. et al. Ph.)— VALERIANATE OF 

ZINC. 

Prepared by mixing hot solutions of valerianate of sodium and sulphate 
of zinc, cooling, and skimming off the crystals which form. 

It occurs in white, pearly scales, having a faint odor of valerianic acid, 
a styptic taste, and is sparingly soluble in water. Used in hysteria, epi- 
lepsy, and other nervous affections. 

Dose : 1 to 2 grains. 

Pells of Valerianate of Zrac. 

Take of Valerianate of zinc 20 grains. 

Extract of gentian 20 grains. 

Extract of nux vomica 5 grains. 

Mix, and divide into 20 pills. 

Dose : 1 pill three or four times a day. In neuralgia dependent upon 
reflex irritation from the female pelvic organs. Bartholow. 

Take of Valerianate of zinc ^ grain. 

Sulphate of quinia -J grain. 

Compound rhubarb pill 1 grain. 

Extract of gentian 2 grains. 

Make 1 pill. London Hospital. 



ZINGIBER (U. S. et al. Ph.)— GINGER. 

The rhizome of Zingiber officinale, Eoscoe (Nat. ord., Zingiber aceos), a 
reed-like plant indigenous to Asia, but cultivated in most tropical countries. 

Ginger is an aromatic stimulant and carminative. Applied externally 
it is a mild rubefacient. It is used in flatulent colic to relieve pain and 
expel flatus, in diarrhoea, etc., and is often combined with other medicines 
to correct their irritating properties. 

Dose : 10 to 20 grains. 

PREPARATIONS. 
Extractum Zingiberis Fluidum (U. $.) — Fluid Extract of Ginger. 

Take of Ginger 16 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the ginger with 4 ounces of alcohol, and proceed according to 
the general formula, page 161. 
Dose : 10 to 20 minims. 






384 MEDICAL FORMULAKY. 

Infusum Zingiberis (U. S.) — Infusion of Ginger. 

Take of Ginger ^ ounce. 

Boiling water 1 pint 

Macerate for two hours in a covered vessel, and strain. 
Dose : 1 to 2 ounces. 

Oleoresina Zingiberis (U. S.) — Oleoresin of Ginger, 

Take of Ginger 12 ounces. 

Stronger ether 12 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 

Moisten the ginger with the ether, then percolate with alcohol until 12 
ounces of liquid have passed. Distill off most of the ether, then expose 
the residue in a capsule until the volatile part has evaporated. Preserve 
in a well- stopped bottle. 

Dose : -J to 1 minim, or grain. 

Syrupus Zingiberis (U. S., Br.) — Syrup of Ginger. 

Take of Fluid extract of ginger 1 ounce. 

Carbonate of magnesium 160 grains. 

Sugar 72 ounces. 

Water 42 ounces. 

Rub the extract first with the carbonate and 2 ounces of sugar, then 
with the water added gradually, and filter. To the filtered liquid add the 
remainder of the sugar, dissolve with a gentle heat, and strain while hot. 

Dose : 1 to 2 drachms. 

Tinctura Zingiberis (U. S. et al. Ph.) — Tincture of Ginger. 

Take of Ginger 8 ounces. 

Alcohol sufficient. 



Moisten, pack, and percolate to 2 pints. 
Dose : 10 to 30 minims. 

Stronger Tincture of Ginger (Br.-). 

Take of Ginger 10 ounces. 

Rectified spirit sufficient. . 

Moisten, pack, and percolate to 20 ounces. 
Dose : 5 to 20 minims. 






INDEX. 



Abrasions, 137 
Abscesses, 110 
Absinthium, 1 
Acacia, 2 
Acetum. 3 

destillatum, 4 
Achillea, 5 
Acid, acetic, 5 

aromatic, 6 
diluted, 5 
gargle, 6 
glacial, 6 
inhalation, 6 
lotion, 6 
arsenious, 7 
caustic, 8 
granules, 7 
paste, 8 
pills. 7 
powder. 8 

of Come, 8 
benzoic, 8 
lotion, 9 
ointment, 9 
boracic, 9 
lotions, 9 
ointments, 9 
boric, 9 
carbolic, 10 
caustic, 11 
collodion, 11 
gargles, 11 
glycerite, 10 
lotions, 12 
water, 10 
carbonic, 13 
chromic, 13 

caustics, 13 
chrysophanic, 13 
ointments, 13 
citric. 14 
powder, 14 
syrup, 14 
gallic, 14 
mixtures, 15 
pills, 15 
hydrobromic, 16 

mixtures, 17 
hydrochloric, 17 
bath, 17 
diluted, 17 
gargle. 17 
mixtures, 18 

25 



Acid, hydrocyanic, diluted, 18 

inhalation, 19 

lotions, 19 

mixtures, 20 
lactic, 20 

inhalation, 20 

mixture, 20 
muriatic, 17 
nitric, 21 

bath, 21 

diluted, 21 

gargle, 21 

lemonade, 21 

lotions. 21 

mixtures, 22 
nitro-hydrochloric, 22 

diluted, 22 
nitro-muriatic, 22 
oleic, 23 
phosphoric, diluted, 23 

glacial, 23 

and quassia mixture, 24 
strychnia mixtures, 24 
prussic, diluted, 18 
pyrogallic, 16 

lotion, 16 

ointment, 16 
salicylic, 24 

mixtures, 25 
sulphuric, 25 

aromatic, 26 

diluted, 25 

mixtures, 26 
sulphurous, 27 

inhalation, 27 

lotion, 27 
tannic, 27 

gargles, 28 

glycerite, 28 

inhalation, 29 

injections, 29 

mixture, 29 

ointment, 28 

with opium, ointment, 29 
pills, 29 

powders, 29 

suppositories, 28 

troches. 28 
tartaric, 30 

lemonade, 30 

syrup, 30 
valerianic, 30 
Acidum aceticum, 5 



386 



IKDEX. 



Acidum aceticum dilutum, 5 
glaciale, 6 

arseniosum, 7 

benzoicum, 8 
. boricum, 9 

carbolicum, 10 
impurum, 10 

carbonicurn, 13 

chromicum, 13 

chrysophanicum, 13 

citricam, 14 

gallicum, 14 

hydrobromicum, 16 

hydrochloricum, 17 
dilutum, 17 

hydrocyauicum dilutum, 18 

lacticum, 20 

nitricum, 21 
dilutum, 21 

nitro-hydrochloricum, 22 
dilutum, 22 

oleic um, 23 

phosphoricum dilutum. 23 
glaciale, 23 

salicylicum, 24 

Bulphuricum, 25 
aromaticum, 20 
dilutum, 25 

sulphurosum, 27 

tannicum. 27 

tartaricum, 30 

valerianicum, 30 
Acne, 302, 364 
Aconite, 31 

extract, 32 

Fleming's tincture, 33 

leaves, 31 

liniment, 32 

mixtures, 33 

plaster, 32 

root, 31 

tincture, 32 
Aconiti folia, 31 

radix, 31 
Aconitia, 31 

ointment, 31 
Aconitum, 31 
Adeps, 33 

Adhesive plaster, 322 
^Etber, 33 

aceticus, 35 

fortior, 34 

nitrosus, 35 
After-pains, 125 
Alcohol, 36 

amylic, 37 

amylicum, 37 

diluted, 37 

dilutum, 37 

fortius, 36 

stronger, 36 
Allium, 37 
Allspice, 292 
Almond, bitter, 58 
oil, 59 

oil, expressed, 59 
water, 58 

mixture, 58 

powder, compound, 59 

sweet, 58 

syrup, 59 
Aloe Barbadensis, 38 

Capensis, 38 



Aloe Socotrina, 38 
Aloes, Barbadoes, 38 
Cape, 38 
Socotrine, 38 
purified, 38 
and asafetida, pills, 39 

belladonna, pills, 42 

canella, powder, 39 

hyoscyamus, pills, 42 

ipecacuanha, pills, 42 

iron, pills, 41 

mastic, pills, 39 

myrrh, pills, 39 

tincture, 40 

nux vomica, pills, 42 

opium, pills, 42 

ox-bile, pills, 41 

savin, pills, 42 
decoction, compound, 40 
extract, 40 

vitriolated, 40 
mixture, compound, 41 
pills, 38 

compound, 41 
suppositories, 39 
tincture, 39 

compound, 41 
wine, 40 
Alopecia areata, 16 
Althaea, 43 
Alum, 44 

and belladonna, collyrium, 44 
collyrium, 44 
dried, 44 
electuary. 44 
gargles, 45 
inhalation, 45 
injection, 45 
lotion, 45 
mixtures, 45 
pills, 46 
powders, 46 
Alumen, 44 

exsiccatum, 44 
Aluminii et potassii sulphas, 44 
Amenorrhea, 125, 147, 198, 273, 369 
American columbo, 186 

infusion, 186 

tincture, 186 
hellebore, 375 

extract, fluid, 376 

tincture, 376 
hemp, 105 

extract, 105 
senna, 114 

infusion, 114 
Ammonia, 46 

inhalation, 48 
liniment. 47 
lotion, 49 
mixtures, 49 
muriate, 53 
spirit, 47 

anisated, 48 

aromatic, 48 

fetid, 4S 
solution, 47 
water, 47 

stronger, 47 
Ammoniac, 56 

mixtures, 57 
plaster, 57 
tincture, 57 



INDEX. 



387 



Ammoniac with mercury, plaster, 57 
Amnion iaeum, 56 
Ammonii aeetas. 49 

benzoas! 50 

bromidiun, 51 

carbonas, 52 

chloridum. 53 

chloridum purificatum, 53 

iodidum, 55 

nitras. 56 

sulphas, 56 

valerianas, 56 
Ammonium acetate, 49 
mixtures, 50 
solution, 49 

beuzoate. 50 

bromide. 51 

mixtures, 51 

carbonate, 53 

mixtures, 52" 
solution, 52 

chloride, 53 
lotions, 53 
mixtures, 54 
pastilles, 55 
purified, 53 

iodide, 55 

nitrate. 56 

sulphate. 56 

valerianate, 56 
Amygdala amara, 58 

dulcis, 58 
Amy] nitris, 60 

nitrite, 60 
Amyli iodidum, 61 
Amvlum, 60 

Anemia, 24, 163, 166, 167, 177, 182, 184 
Anaesthesia, 33, 123 
Angustura, 61 

infusion, 61 
Anise, 61 

essence, 62 

oil, 62 

oleosaccharate, 62 

spirit, 62 

syrup, 62 

water, 61 
Aniseed. 61 
Anisum, 61 
Anthemis, 62 
Antimonial ointment, 64 

plaster, 64 

powder, 66 

wine. 64 
Antimonii et potassii tartras, 63 

oxidum, 65 

oxysulphuretum, 66 

sulphuratum, 66 

sulphuretum, 66 
Antimony, 63 

and potassium tartrate, 63 

golden sulphuret, 66 

oxide, 65 

oxy sulphuret, 66 

pills, compound, 66 

sulphurated, 66 
Antimonium, 63 

Aperient effervescing powders, 313 
Aphonia, 48 
Aphthae, &52 

Aphthous stomatitis, 46, 169 
Apocynin, 67 
Apocynum androsaemifolium, 67 



Apocynum cannabinum, 67 

decoction, 67 

oleoresin, 67 
Apomorphia hydrochlorate, 67 
Apomorphiaa hydrochloras, 67 
Aqua, 67 

aninioniae, 47 
fortior, 47 

chlorini, 68 

destillata, 67 
Araroba, 13 
Arbor vita?, 369 
Argenti cyanidum, 68 

iodidum, 69 

nitras, 69 
fusa, 69 

oxidum, 71 
Argentum, 68 
Arnica, extract, 72 

flowers, 71 

infusion, 72 

plaster, 72 

root, 71 

tincture, 72 
Arnica? fiores, 71 

radix, 71 
Aromatic confection, 131 

powder, 131 
Arsenic, 7, 72 

antidote, 167, 168 

chloride, solution, 73 

iodide, 73 
pills, 73 
and mercury, solution, 73 

white, 7 
Arsenici chloridum, 73 

iodidum, 73 
Arsenicum, 72 
Asafoetida, 74 
Asafetida, 74 

and iron, pills, 75 
zinc, pills, 75 

mixtures, 74, 75 

pills, 74 

plaster, 74 

suppositories, 74 

tincture, 75 
Asclepias incarnata, 75 

oleoresin, 76 

Syriaca, 75 

tuberosa, 75 
Asthma, 74, 1 99, 249, 250, 360 
Atropia, 76 

mixtures, 77 

ointment, 77 

solution, 77 

sulphate, 76 
Aurantii amari cortex, 77 

dulcis cortex, 77 

fiores, 77 
Aurantium, 77 
Auri chloridum, 79 

et sodii chloridum, 79 
Aurum, 79 
Azedarach, 79 

decoction, 80 

Bael fruit, 82 

decoction, 82 

extract, liquid, 82 
Balm, 261 

spirit, compound, 261 

water, 261 



388 



INDEX. 



Balsam of copaiba, 140 

of fir, 369 

of Peru, 80 

mixture, SO 
syrup, 80, 

of tolu, 80 
Balsamum Peruvianum, SO 

tolutanum, 80 
Baptisia, 81 

decotion, 81 

tincture, 81 
Barker's post-par turn pills, 213 
Barley, 225 

decoction, 226 
Basilicon ointment, 321 
Bearberry, 372 
Bear berry, infusion, 373 
Becl-sores, 316 
Belce fructus, 82 
Belladonna, 82 

extract, 83 

alcoholic, 83 

leaves, 82 

liniment, 84 

mixtures, 85 

ointment, 84 

pills, 85 

plaster, 83 

root, 82 

extract, fluid, 84 

suppositories, 84 

tincture, 84 
Belladonnas folia, 82 

radix, 82 
Benzoin, 86 

inhalation, 87 

mixture, 87 

ointment, 86 

tincture, 86 

compound, 86 
Benzoinum, 86 
Berberine hydrochlorate, 221 

sulphate, 222 
Biliary calculus, 281 
Bismuth. 87 

lozenges, 89 

purified, 87 

subcarbonate, 87 
powders, 88 

subnitrate, 88 
mixtures, S9 
powders, 90 
Bismuthi et ammonii citras, 90 

subcarbonas, 87 

subnkras, 88 
Bismuthum, 87 
Bites of reptiles, etc., 301 
Bittersweet, 153 

decoction, 153 

extract, 153 
fluid, 153 
Blackberry, 327 

extract, fluid, 328 

syrup, 328 
Black mercurial lotion, 213 
pepper, 292 

confection, 293 

oleoresin, 293 
wash, 213 
Blancard's pills, 176 
Blaud's ferruginous pills, 182 
Blistering liquid, 108 
Bloodroot, 330 



Bloodroot mixtures, 331 

tincture. 331 

vinegar, 330 
Blue flag, 236 

pill, 207 

vitriol, 143 
Bone-black, 110 
Boneset, 161 
Borax, 352 

gargles, 352 

lotions, 352 

ointment, 353 
Brayera, 91 
Bright's disease, 292 
Bromine, 91 

solution, 91 
Brominium, 91 

Bronchial catarrh, 130, 340, 341 
Bronchitis, 36, 50, 53, 64, 75, 151, 153. 199. 

255, 272 
Brown mixture, 195 
Bruises, 1, 3, 53, 72, 295 
Bryonia. 92 
Bryony. 93 

tincture, 92 
Buchu, 92 

extract, fluid, 92 

infusion, 92 

leaves, 92 

mixtures, 93 

tincture, 93 
Burgundy pitch, 293 

plaster, 293 
Burns. 98, 196, 280, 298. 299 
Butter of cacao, 281 
Butternut, 238 

extract, 238 

Caffea. 93 
Caffein, 93 

citrate, 93 
Caffeinum, 93 
Calabar bean, 291 

extract, 291 
Calamine, 377 
Calamus, 94 

extract, 94 
tincture, 94 
Calcii bromidum, 94 

carbonas praecipitata, 95 
chloridum, 96 
hypopbosphis, 97 
phosphas praecipitata, 97 
sulphidum,97 
Calcium, 94 

bromide, 94 

mixture. 94 

carbonate, precipitated, 95 

chloride. 96 

solution. 97 
hypophosphite, 97 

mixture, 97 
phosphate, precipitated, 97 
sulphide, 97 
pills, 98 
Calendula, 100 

tincture, 100 
Calomel, 212 

and colocynth, pill, 214 
jalap, powder, 214 
opium, pill, 214 
scammony, pill, 214 
tartar emetic, powders, 215 



INDEX. 



389 



Calomel ointment, 213 

pill, compound, 213 
Calumba, 100 
Calx, 96 

chlorinata, 99 
Camphor, 101 

liniment. 102 

ammoniated, 102 
compound, 103 

mixtures, 103 

monobromated, 104 

ointment, 103 

pills, 104 

spirit, 102 

water, 102 

wine, 103 

with cantharides, liniment, 103 
Camphora, 101 

monobromata, 101 
Canada balsam, 369 

turpentine, 309 
Cancers, 8, US, 369 
Canella, 105 

powder, aromatic, 105 
Cannabis Americana, 105 

Indica, 105 
Cantharidal collodion, 107 
Cantaarides, 106 

cerate, 107 
Cantharides. collodion, 107 

extract, 10S 

extract, cerate, 107 

liniment, 108 

mixtures, 109 

ointment, 108 

paper, 107 

tincture, 108 

vinegar, 108 
Cantharis, 106 
Capsicum, 109 

and cantharides, lotion, 110 

gargles, 110 

infusion, 109 

oleoresin. 109 

tincture, 109 
Caraway, 112 

spirit, 112 

water, 112 
Carbo animahs, 110 

purificatus, 110 

ligni, 110 
Cardamom, 111 

tincture. 111 

compound, 111 
Cardamom um, 111 
Cardiac debility, 152 

dropsy, 339 
Caries, 97, 175 
Carrageen. 125 
Carum, 112 
Caryophyllus. 112 
Cascarilla, 113 

extract, 113 

infusion, 113 

tincture, 114 
Cassia fistula, 114 

Marilandica, 114 

purging, 114 
Castanea, 114 
Castor, 115 

tincture, 115 
Castor eum, 115 
Castor oil, 278 



Castor oil emulsion, 279 

mixture, 279 
Catarrhal affections, 1, 80, 86, 125, 220, 227, 
294 

jaundice, 257 

ophthalmia, 44 
Catechu, 115 

infusion, compound, 116 

lozenges, 116 

mixtures, 117 

powder, compound, 116 

tincture, 116 
Caustic potash, 301 

soda, 347 
Cera, 117 

alba, 117 

flava, 117 
Cerata, 117 
Cerate, 117 
Ceratum, 117 
Cerii oxalas, 117 
Cerium oxalate, 117 

capsules, 118 
pills, 118 
Cetaceum, 118 
Cetraria, 119 
Chalk and opium, aromatic powder, 96 

prepared, 95 

troches, 96 

mixture, 95 

compound, 96 

powder, aromatic, 96 
Chamomile, 62 

extract, 63 

infusion, 62 

oil, 63 

camphorated, 63 
infused, 63 

German, 259 
Charcoal, animal, 110 

purified, 110 

lozenges, 111 

poultice, 111 

wood, 110 
Chenopodium, 119 
Chestnut, 114 

leaves, extract, fluid, 115 
infusion, 115 
Chimaphila, 120 
Chirata, 121 

infusion, 121 

tincture, 121 
Chiretta, 121 
Chloral, 121 

hydrate, 121 

injection, 122 

lotion, 122 

mixtures, 122 

syrup, 122 
Chlorine poultice, 348 
Chloroform, 123 _ 

commercial, 123 

liniment, 123 

mixtures, 123, 124 

narcosis, 60 

ointment, 124 

purified, 123 

spirit, 124 

water, 124 
Chloroformum, 123 

purificatum, 123 

venale, 123 
Chondrus, 125 



390 



INDEX. 



Chordee, 104 

Chorea, 7, 69, 105, 125, 138, 144, 163, 273, 291, 

Chronic bronchitis, 8, 125, 141, 261, 339, 355 

catarrh, 58, 279 

diarrhoea, 15, 46, 82, 143, 178, 382 

dysentery, 46, 143, 276, 382 

gastric catarrh, 70, 71 

intestinal catarrh, 280 

lichen, 21 

hepatitis, 92 

rheumatism, 153, 200, 264, 293, 309, 
359 

tracheitis, 46 
Cimicifuga, 125 

extract, fluid, 125 

mixture, 126 

resin, 126 

tincture. 126 
Cimicifugin, 126 
Cinchona, 126 

and rhubarb, mixture, 129 

extract, 127 
fluid, 128 

flava, 126 

pale, 127 

paUida, 127 

red, 127 

decoction, 127 
infusion, 128 

rubra, 127 

tincture, 128 

compound, 129 

yellow, 126 

decoction, 127 
infusion, 128 
Cinchonia sulphate, 129 
capsules, 130 
mixture, 130 
pills, 130 
Cinchonia? sulphas, 129 
Cinchonidia sulphate, 130 
Cinchonidias sulphas, 130 
Cinnamon, 130 

oH, 131 

spirit, 131 

syrup, 132 

tincture, 131 

water, 131 
Cinnamomum, 130 
Citrine ointment, 218 
Cloves, 112 

infusion, 112 

oil, 113 

spirit, 113 

tincture, 113 
Coca, 159 

tincture, 160 
Coccus, 132 
Cochineal, 132 

tincture, 132 
Codeia, 132 
Cod-liver oil, 276 

emulsions, 277 

mixtures, 277 

phosphorated, 278 
Coffee, 93 
Colchici radix, 132 

semen, 132 
Colchicum, 132 

extract, acetic, 133 

mixtures, 134 

pills, 135 



Colchicum root, 132 

extract, fluid, 133 
tincture, 134 
wine, 134 

seed, 132 

extract, alcoholic, 134 
extract, fluid, 133 
wine, 134 

tincture, 133 

vinegar, 134 
Colds, 189 
Colic, 61, 366 
Colliquative diarrhoea, 26, 363 

sweats, 26, 28 
Collodion, 137 

carbolized, 11 

flexible, 137 
Collodium, 137 

cum cantharide, 107 

flexile, 137 
Colocynth, 135 

and hyoscyamus, pill, 136 

extract, 136 

compound, 136 

pills, 137 

compound, 136 

tincture, 137 
Colocynthis, 135 
Columbo, 100 

extract, 101 

extract, fluid, 100 

infusion, 101 

mixtures, 101 

tincture, 101 
Comedo, 365 
Condylomata, 13, 22 
Common salt, 354 
Confectio aromatica, 131 
Conii folia, 138 

fructus, 138 
Conium, 138 

extract, 138 

alcoholic, 138 

juice, 139 

mixtures, 140 

ointment, 139 

pills, 140 

plaster, 139 

poultice, 140 

seed, extract, fluid, 139 

tincture, 139 
Conjunctivitis, 268, 287 
Constipation, 41, 83, 137, 160, 162, 238, 274, 

301, 323, 375 
Consumption, 276, 314 
Convulsions, 51, 104, 121, 305 
Copaiba, 140 

cubebs and catechu, electuary, 141 

mixtures, 141 

oil, 141 

pills, 141 
Copper, 142 

ammoniated, 144 

subacetate, 142 

sulphate, 143 

collyrium, 143 
injections, 143 
mixtures, 143 
pills, 143 
Coriander, 144 

oil, 144 

spirit, 144 
Coriandrum, 144 






INDEX. 



391 



Corns, 140 
Cornus florida, 145 
Corrosive sublimate, 210 

lotions, 211 

mixtures, 212 

pills, compound, 211 

solution, 211 
Cotton, 196 

gun, soluble, 197 

medicated, 197 
Cotton-root bark, 19S 

decoction. 198 

extract, fluid, 198 
Cough. 17. 'JO. 125, 195, 269 
Cracked nipples, b6, 281, 299 
Cranesbill, 193 
Cream of tartar, 304 
Crea^ote, 145 

bath, 146 

inhalation, 146 

mixtures, 140 

ointment, 146 

pill, 146 

water, 146 
Creasotum, 145 
Creta pra?parata, 95 
Crocus, 147 
Croton oil, 2S1 

and colocynth, pills, 282 

liniment, 282 

compound, 282 

paint. 382 

pills. 282 
Croup, 20, 44. 220 
Cubeb, 147 

and copaiba, pills, 148 
iron, powder, 148 

confection. 14S 

extract, fluid, 147 

oleoresin, 148 

oil, 148 

tincture, 148 

troches, 148 
Cubeba, 147 
Cupri subacetas, 142 

sulphas, 143 
Cuprum, 142 

ammoniatum, 144 
Cypripedium, 149 
Cystitis, 92, 120, 272 

Dandelion-, 367 

elixir, compound, 368 

extract, 367 
fluid, 368 

infusion, 368 

juice, 368 
Delirium, 104 

tremens, 104, 121, 150, 251 
Delphinia, 149 

ointment, 149 

solution, 149 
Delphinium staphisagria, 149 
Diarrhoea, 46, 69, 89, 95, 96, 99, 100, 103, 116, 
193, 198, 203, 240, 241, 253, 255, 276, 279. 
288, 290, 297, 327, 380, 383 
Digitalin, 150, 152 
Digitalinum, 152 
Digitalis, 150 

extract, 150 
fluid, 150 

infusion, 151 

mixtures, 151 



I Digitalis pills, 152 

tincture, 151 
Dilatation of the heart, 15S 
Diphtheria, 10, 12. 20, 27, 163, 16S, 169, 307, 

320, 348, 357 
Dog's bane, 67 
Dogwood, 145 

decoction, 145 
extract, fluid, 145 
Donovan's solution, 73 
Dover's powder, 234 

Dropsy, 67, 125, 135, 150, 154, 203, 303, 367 
Dulcamara, 153 
Dysenterv, 17, 21, 69, 100, 116, 193, 233, 240, 

241, 279, 281, 327, 372 
Dysmenorrhoea, 42, 85, 102, 147, 198, 315, 361 
Dyspepsia, 5, 20, 21, 22, 38, 93, 95, 100, 109, 
110, 113, 220, 273, 290, 302, 315, 350, 355, 367 

Eczema, 45, 70, 210, 251, 275, 295, 335, 349, 

351, 352. 353, 354, 371, 380 
Effervescing powders, 350 
Elaterin, 154 

solution, 154 
Elaterinum, 154 
Elaterium, 153 

powder, compound, 154 

pills, 154 
Elecampane, 227 

extract, 227 

tincture, 228 
Elemi, 155 » 

ointment, 155 
Elixir of Paracelsus, 273 

simplex, 155 
Emetia, 156 
Emetine, 156 
Emphysema, 250 
Enlarged glands, 56 

spleen, 182 
Epilepsy, 51, 69, 94, 104, 138. 144, 248, 305, 

360. 373, 383 
Epsom salt, 254 
Ergot, 156 

extract, 157 
fluid, 156 

infusion. 157 

mixtures, 157 

pills, 158 

suppositories, 158 

tincture, 157 

wine, 157 
Ergota, 156 
Ergotin, 157 

injection, hypodermic, 157 
Erigeron, 159 

extract, fluid, 159 

oil, 159 
Erysipelas, 32, 163, 168, 170, 298 
Erythema, 45, 69, 298, 353, 377 
Erythroxylon, 159 
Ether, 33 

acetic, 35 

mixtures, 35 

nitrous, 35 

mixtures, 36 
spirit, 35 

spirit, compound, 34 

stronger, 34 

sulphuric, 33 

syrup, 34 
Ethereal oil, 36 
Eucalyptus, 160 



392 



INDEX. 



Eucalyptus oil, 160 

tincture, 160 
Euonymus. 100 

infusion, 160 

tincture, 161 
Eupatorium, 161 
Excoriated surfaces, 380 
Extracta fluida, 161 
Extracts, fluid, 161 

Fel bovinum, 161 
Fennel, 185 

essence, 1S5 

oil, 185 

spirit, 185 

water, 185 
Fern, 184 

extract, 184 
liquid, 184 
ethereal, 184 

oleoresin, 184 
Ferri acetas, 164 ■ 

arsenias, 165 

carbonas saccharata, 165 

chloridum, 167 

citras, 170 

et ammonia citras, 1 71 
ammonii sulphas, 171 
ammonii tartras, 172 
potassii tartras, 172 
quinias citras, 173 
strychniae citras, 174 

hypophosphis, 174 

iodidum, 175 

lactas, 176 

nitras, 177 

oxalas, 177 

oxidum hydratum, 178 

phosphas, 179 

pyrophosphas, 179 

subcarbonas, 167 

sulphas, 180 

exsiccata, 181 

sulphuretum, 183 

valerianas, 1S4 | 
Ferrum, 102 

redactum, 163 
Fetor of the 1 reath, 311 
Fibroid phthisis, 54, 311 

tumors, 96 
Ficus, 184 
Fig, 184 
Filix mas, 184 
Fissure of the anus, 86, 242 
Flatulence, 110 
Flatulent colic, 253, 262, 276 
Flaxseed, 240 

infusion, compound, 247 

meal, 247 

oil, 247 

sulphurated, 247 
Fleabane, 159 
Fluid extracts, 161 
Fceniculum, 185 
Follicular pharyngitis, 55, 307 
Fowler's solution, 303 
Frasera, 186 
Furuncular inflammations, 98 

Galbanum, 186 

pills, compound, 186 
plaster, 187 

compound, 187 



Galbanum plaster with saffron, 187 

Galla, 187 

Galls, decoction, 188 

and opium, ointment, 188 
Gamboge, 188 

pills, compound, 188, 189 
Gambogia, 188 

Gangrenous ulcers and wounds, 91, 110, 311 
Garlic, 37 

syrup, 37 
Gastralgia, 77, 231, 256 
Gastric ulcer, 69, 77, 89, 231, 256 
Gaultheria, 189 

essence, 1>:9 

oil. 189 

spirit, 1S9 

water, 189 
Gelsemium, 190 

extract, fluid, 190 

tincture, 190 
Gentian, 190 

and iron, pill, 192 
zinc, pill, 193 

extract, 191 
fluid, 191 

infusion, compound, 191 

mixtures, 192 

syrup, 192 

tincture, 192 

compound, 191 

wine, 192 
Gentiana, 190 

Andrewsii, 190 

Catesbsei, 190 

lutea, 190 
Geranium, 193 

decoction, 193 

extract, 193 
fluid, 193 

tincture, 194 
German chamomile, 259 

extract, 259 

infusion, 259 

oil, 259 

infused, 260 

syrup, 260 

water, 200 
Ginger, 383 

extract, fluid, 383 

infusion, 384 

oleoresin, 384 

syrup, 384 

tincture, 384 

stronger, 384 
Glandular inflammation, 9S, 228 
Gleet, 106, 120, 141, 170. 222, 240 
Glycerin, 194 

lotions, 194 
Glycerin um, 194 
Glycerita, 194 
Glycerites, 194 
Glycerite of yolk of eggs, 277 
Glycouin, 277 
Glycyrrhiza, 194 
Glycyrrhizin, 194 
Glycyrrhizinum, 194 
Goa powder, 13 
Gold, 79 

chloride, 79 

and sodium, chloride, 79 
Gonorrhoea, 29, 45, 70, 122, 141, 143, 148, 221, 
222, 295, 297, 308, 311, 332, 376, 379, 381, 
382 









INDEX. 



393 



Gonorrhoea! orchitis, 315 
Gossypii radicis cortex, 198 

:um, 196 
Goulard's cerate. 295 
extract, 296 

Gout, 95, 132. 134, 313, 247. 303, 350, 375 
Granati fructus cortex, 198 

radios cortex, 198 
Griffith's mixture, 100 
Grindeiia, 199 

extract, fluid, 200 

mixture, 200 

tincture. 200 
Guaiac, 201 

gargle, 202 

mixture, 201 

powder, compound, 202 

tincture, 201 

ainmoniated,_201 
Guaiaci lignum, 200 

resina. 201 
Guaiacum wood, 200 

decoction. 200 

tincture, 2ol 
Guaran 

extract, fluid, 202 

tincture, 202 
Gum arabic, 2 

mixture, 3 

mucilage, 3 

syrup, 3 

troches, 3 

EUBMATOXTJLOM, 203 

Haematuria, 15, 120 

Haemoptvsis, 295 
Hamamelis. 204 
Hay fever, 200 
Headache. 202, 305, 381 
Heart, organic disease of, 150 
Hellebore, American, 375 

green, 3T5 
Hemlock poultice. 140 
Hemorrhages, 29, 116, 150, 151, 156, 163, 178, 

204, 241, 279, 295 
Hemorrhagic diathesis, 15 
Hemorrhoids, 5, 38, 42, 188, 204, 221, 364, 365 
Hemp, American, 105 

extract, 105 

Indian, 105 

mixtures, 106 

pills, 106 

tincture, 106 
Henbane, 223 
Hepatic colic, 123 
Herpes, 355, 377 
Hoarseness, 55 
Hoffmann's anodyne, 34 
Honey, 260 

clarified, 261 

cough mixture, 261 

suppositories, 261 

syrup, 261 
Hooper's pills, 182 
Hops, 205 

extract, 205 

infusion, 205 

inhalations, 205 

tincture, 205 
Hordeum, 225 
Hospital gangrene, 91 
Humulus, 205 
Hydrargyri chloridum corrosivum, 210 



Hydrargyri chloridum mite, 212 
cyanidum, 215 
iodidum rubrum, 215 

viride, 216 
nitras, 217 
oxidum flavum, 218 

rubrum, 219 
sulphas flava, 219 
sulphuretum rubrum, 220 
Hydrargyrum, 206 

ammoniatum, 209 
Hydrastia, 221 
Hydrastiue, 2il 

injection, 222 
powder, 212 
Hydrastis, 220 

extract, fluid, 220 
lotion, 221 
tincture, 220 
Hydromel, 260 
Hyoscyamii folia, 222 

semen. 222 
Hyoscyamus, 222 

and camphor, pill, 225 

Dover's powder, pill, 225 
iron, pill, 225 
valerian, pills, 224 
extract, 223 
alcoholic, 223 
fluid, 223 
inhalation, 225 
juice, 224 
leaves, 222 
oil. infused, 224 
ointment. 224 
plaster, 224 
seed, 222 

extract, 224 
squill and ipecac, pill, 225 
tincture, 223 
Hysteria, 34, 56, 74, 104, 115, 121, 373, 383 

Iceland Moss. 119 

decoction, 119 

without bitterness, 119 
Ichthyocolla, 226 
Ignatia, 226 

extract, 226 

tincture, alkaline, 226 
Illicium, 227 
Ileus, 366 
Impetigo, 297 

Incontinence of urine, 83, 92, 104, 106, 273 
Indian hemp, 67, 1 05 

extract, 105 
Indigestion, 99, 256, 290 
Indolent swellings, 186 

ulcers, 218 
Infantile convulsions, 51 

paralysis, 363 
Inflamed breasts, 83 

joints, 288 

testicle, 288 
Influenza, 48, 54 
Insomnia, 121 

Intermittent fever, 7, 127, 145, 161, 220, 221, 330 
Intertrigo, 45, 251, 298, 353 
Inula, 227 
Iodine, 228 

and belladonna, liniments, 230 

caustic, Churchill's, 230 

gargles, 230 

hypodermic injection, 230 



394 



INDEX. 



Iodine inhalation, 220 
liniment, 229 
mixtures, 231 
ointment, 229 

compound, 229 

plaster, compound, 231 
solution, compound. 228 

for the throat, 331 
tincture, 22S 

Churchill's, 230 

colorless, 229 

compound, 228 
Iodinium, 228 
Iodoform, 231 

and calamine, powder, 233 

camphor, powder, 232 

morphia, powder, 233 

tannic acid, powder, 232 
ointment, 232 
pills, 232 
solution, 233 
suppositories, 233 
Iodoformum, 231 
Ipecacuanha, 233 

extract, alcoholic, 235 

fluid, 234 
mixtures, 235 
powder, compound, 234 
syrup, 234 
tincture, 235 
troches, 234 
wine, 235 
Iris Florentina, 235 

versicolor, 236 

oleoresin, 236 

tincture, 236 
Irisin, 236 
Irish moss, 125 

decoction, 125 
Iritis, 83, 268 
Iron, 162 

acetate, 164 

solution, 164 

tincture, 164 

ethereal, 164 
and ammonium citrate, 171 

mixtures, 171 
and ammonium sulphate, 171 

inhalation, 172 
and ammonium tartrate, 172 

and croton oil, pills, 183 
and potassium tartrate, 1 72 

lozenges, 173 

mixtures, 173 

syrup, 173 
and quinia, citrate, 173 

syrup, 174 

wine, 174 
and strychnia, citrate, 174 

valerian, pills, 182 

zinc, pills, 183 
arseniate, 165 

pills, 165 
carbonate, arsenic and quinia, 
166 

pill, 166 

saccharated, 165 
chloride, 167 

solution, 168 

syrup, 169 

tincture, 168 
citrate, 170 

solution, 170 



pills, 



I Iron citrate, wine, 171 

hypophosphite, 174 
iodide, 175 

pills, 176 

saccharated, 176 

solution, 176 

syrup, 175 
lactate, 176 

nux vomica and cannabis, cap- 
sules, 177 

powder, effervescing, 177 
mixture, compound, 166 
nitrate, 177 

solution, 177 
oxalate, 177 
oxide, hydrated, 178 

saccharated, 178 
pernitrate, solution, 178 
peroxide, hydrated, 178 

moist, 178 
phosphate, 179 

pill, 179 

syrup, 179 
pills, compound, 181 
plaster, 167 
pyrophosphate, 179 

mixture, 180 

syrup, 180 
reduced, 163 

lozenges, 163 

pills, 164 
sesquichloride, tincture, ethereal, 169 
subcarbonate, 167 

troches, 167 
subsulphate, solution, 181 
sulphate, 180 

and quinia pills, 182 

dried, 181 

inhalation, 183 

mixtures, 183 
sulphur et, 183 
tartrated, 173 
tersulphate, solution, 181 
tincture, 168 

and cinchonia, mixture, 169 
glycerin, mixtures, 170 
nux vomica, mixture, 170 
potassium chlorate, mixtures. 

169 
quinia, mixture, 170 
valerianate. 184 
Irritable bladder, 12, 302 
Isinglass. 226 

Jaborandi, 292 

tincture, 292 
Jalap, 236 

and scammony, powder, 238 
sulphur, confection. 238 

confection, 238 

extract. 237 

pills, 238 

powder, compound, 237 

resin, 237 

soap, 237 

tincture, 237 

compound, 237 
Jalapa, 236 
Juglans, 238 
Juniper, 238 

. extract, 239 

infusion, 239 

oil, 239 



INDEX. 



395 



'Juniper, spirit. 339 

compound, 239 
Juniperus. 2 8 

Kvmala, 239 
Kameela, 239 

tincture, 240 
Kermes' mineral, 66 
Kino, 240 

infusion, 240 

powder, compound, 240 

tincture, 240 

troches, 241 
Kousso, 91 

infusion, 91 
Krameria, 241 

Lactucarium. 24:; 

syrup. 243 
Ladies' slipper, 149 
Lard, 33 

Laryngeal phthisis, 19 
Laryngitis, 48, 53. 87, ">71 
Lavandula, 244 
Lavender, 244 

oil, 244 

spirit. 244 

compound. 244 
Lead, 295 

acetate, 29.") 

ointment. 297 

iand opium, lotions, 288 
opium, pill. 96 
opium, suppositories, 296 
carbonate. 298 
ointment, 298 
with glycerin, ointment, 298 
injections, ^97 
iodide, 29S 
ointment, 299 
plaster, 299 
lotions, 297 
mixtures, 297 
nitrate, 299 

glycerite, 299 
ointment, Hebra's, 300 
opium, and camphor, powder, 297 
oxide, 299 
plaster, 299 

compound, 300 
soft, 300 
subacetate, cerate, 295 
liniment, 290 
solution, 296 
solution, diluted, 296 
suppositories, 296 
water, 296 
white, 298 

ointment, camphorated, 298 
Lemon, 245 

juice, 245 
oil, 246 
peel, 245 

tincture, 246 
spirit, 246 
syrup, 246 
Lemonade powder, 14 
Lepra, 8 
Leptandra, 245 

extract, fluid, 245 
resin, 245 
Leptandrin, 245 
Lettuce and henbane, pills. 244 



Lettuce and henbane extract, 243 
syrup. 243 

water, 244 
Levant wormseed, 332 

Leucorrhoea, 45, 240, 272, 295, 311, 316, 352, 381 
Lichen, 297, 353, 354 
Lime, 98 

carbonate, precipitated, 95 

chlorinated, 99 
lotion, 99 
solution, 99 

liniment, 98 

lotions, 99 

solution, 98 

saccharated, 99 

water, 98 
Limon, 245 
Limonis cortex, 245 

succus, 245 
Linseed, 246 

oil, 247 

poidtice, 247 
Linum, 246 
Liquor ammonii acetatis, 49 

arsenici et hydrargyri iodidi, 73 

bismuthi et ammonii citratis, 90 

calcii chloridi, 97 

potassii arsenitis, 303 

sodae chlorinatae, 348 
Liquorice, 194 

and opium, troches, 195 

decoction, 196 

mixture, compound, 195 

paste, 195 

powder, compound, 196 

root, 194 

extract, fluid, 195 

syrup, 196 
Litharge, 299 
Lithii benzoas, 247 

bromidum, 248 

carbonas. 248 

citras, 249 
Lithium, 247 

benzoate, 247 

bromide, 24S 

mixture, 248 

carbonate, 248 
mixture, 248 

citrate, 249 

solution, effervescing, 24S 
Lobelia, 249 

mixtures, 250 

tincture, 249 
ethereal, 249 

vinegar, 249 
Logwood, 203 

decoction, 203 

extract, 203 

mixtures, 203 
Lumbago, 125, 293 
Lumbrici, 79, 332, 358 
Lupulin, 250 

and capsicum, mixture, 251 

extract, fluid, 250 

oleoresin, 250 

tincture, 251 
Lupulina, 250 
Lupus, 8 
Lycopodium, 251 

Mace, 271 
Macis, 271 



396 



Macrotin, 126 
Magendie's solution, 268 
Magnesia, 251 

calcined, 251 

mixture, 252 

troches, 251 
Magnesii carbonas, 252 

citras, 253 

sulphas, 254 
Magnesium, 251 

carbonate, 252 

and catechu, troches, 252 
rhubarb, powder, 253 
mixtures, 253 
solution, 252 
troches, 252 

citrate, 253 

effervescing, 254 
solution, 254 

sulphate, 254 

sulphate, mixtures, 254 
Magnolia, 255 

decoction, 256 
Male fern, 184 

confection, 1S5 

mixture, 185 
Malignant growths, 7, 369 
Malt, 256 

extract, 256 

ferrated, 256 
Maltum, 256 
Mammary cancer, 320 
Manganese, 256 

black oxide, 256 
ointment, 257 

sulphate, 257 

and ox-bile, pills. 257 
Manganesii, oxidum nigrum, 256 

sulphas, 257 
Manganesium, 256 
Mania, 121, 138 
Manna, 257 

syrup, 257 

troches, 258 
Marigold, 100 
Marshmallow, 43 

decoction, 43 

syrup, 43 

troches, 43 
Mastic, 258 

tincture, ethereal, 258 
Mastiche, 258 
Matico, 258 

extract, fluid, 258 

infusion, 259 
Matricaria, 259 
May-apple, 300 

extract, 300 

resin, 301 
Mel. 260 
Melissa, 261 
Menorrhagia, 15, 156 
Mentha piperita, 2(32 

viridis, 203 
Mercurial ointment, 207 

compound, 207, 209 

plaster, 207 

salivation, 308 
Mercury, 206 

ammoniated, 209 

ointments, 209, 210 

bichloride, 210 

biniodide, 215 



INDEX. 






Mercury corrosive chloride, 210 
cyanide, 215 
green iodide, 216 
mild chloride, 212 
nitrate, 217 

ointment, 21S 
solution, 217 
with zinc, ointment, 218 
oleate, 219 
pills, 207 

pills, compound, 208 
protiodide, 216 

and henbane, pills, 217 
opium, pills, 217 
red iodide, 215 
mixtures, 216 
pills, 216 
ointment, 216 
red oxide, 219 

ointment, 219 

red sulphur et, 220 

with chalk, 206 

pills, 207 

powders, 208 

with iron, pill, 21 8 

quinia, pills, 208 
yellow oxide, 218 
ointment, 218 
yellow sulphate, 219 
Metrorrhagia, 5, 156, 158, 305 
Mezereon, 264 

extract, 265 

ethereal, 265 
fluid, 264 
ointment, 265 
Mezereum, 264 
Milfoil, 5 
Miller's pills, 189 
Mistura ferri composita, 166 
Mitral regurgitation, 164 
Molasses, 329 
Monsel's styptic, 181 
Morbid growths, 301 
Morphia, 265 

acetate, 266 

hypodermic injection. 268 
solution, 267 
hydrochlorate, 266 

and hydrocyanic acid, mixture, 
268 
lotion, 270 
pills, 268 
solution, 267 

with soap, suppositories, 268 
muriate, 266 
sulphate, 266 

and atropia, hypodermic injec 
tion, 268 

bismuth, powder, 269 
iron, mixture, 269 
ipecacuanha, troches, 267 
quinia, powder, 270 
zinc, pills, 269 
collyrium, 268 
cough mixtures, 269 
solution, 266 

Magendie's, 266 
suppositories, 267 
zinc, and atropia, collyrium, 268 
Morphine, 265 
Moschus, 270 
Mucous patches, 22 
Muriate of ammonia, 53 



INDEX. 



39 



Musk, 830 

mixtures, ",71 
tincture, 270 

ethereal, 270 
Mustard, 346 

liniment, compound, 347 

oil, 347 

expressed, 347 

paper. 340 

poultice, 340 
Mvristica, 271 
Myrrh, 872 

extract, 272 

gargles, 272 

mixtures, 273 

tincture, 272 
Myrrha, 272 

Nasal affections. 197 
Naso-pharyngeal catarrh, "353 
Necrosis, 103. 175, 276 
Nervous affections, 16, 37, 115, 244 

dyspepsia, 71 

exhaustion, 200 

irritability, 24 
Neuralgia, 7, 31. 32. 33, 53, 105, 123, 149, 163 

231, 373, 290, 360, 361. 375, 383 
Neutral mixture, 308 
Night-swtats, 14 
Nitrated lunar caustic, 70 
Nitrated paper, 311 
Nitre, 310 

Nitrous powders, 311 
Nutgall, 187 

decoction, 188 

ointment, 188 

and opium, ointment, 188 

tincture, 188 
Nutmeg, 271 

cerate, 272 

oil, 271 

expressed, 271 

spirit, 271 
Nux vomica, 273 

extract. 273 

mixtures, 274 

pills, 274 

tincture, 274 
ethereal, 274 

Oak bark, 316 
Oil of cade, 275 

ointments, 275 
cajuput. 275 

liniment, 276 

mixture, 276 

refined, 276 

spirit. 276 
castor, 278 
cod -liver, 276 
croton, 281 
ethereal, 36 
fusel, 37 
olive, 278 

enema, 278 

mixture, 278 
phosphorated, 291 
sweet, 278 
theobroma, 281 
turpentine, 279 
vitriol, 25 
Oleate of mercury, 219 
Oleum sethereum, 36 



Oleum cadinum, 275 
cajuputi, 275 
morrhme, 276 
olivse, 278 

ricini, 27S 
terebinthrrue, 279 
theobro'nue, 281 
tiglii, 281 
Olive oil, 27S 

enema, 278 
mixtuce, 278 
Opium, 282 

and lead, enema, 287 
lotions, 288 

saffron, tincture, 286 

zinc, collyria, 287 
catechu, and chalk, mixture, 288 
collyrium, 287 
confection, 283 
enema, 285 
extract, 284 
extract, liquid, 285 
glycerite, 286 
infusion, 2S8 
liniment, 28(5 
lotion, 287 

lozenges, 2S6 * 

ointment, 287 
pills, 284 
plaster, 283 
poisoning, 93 
powder, compound, 286 
rhubarb, and camphor, mixtures, 288 
suppositories, 284 
syrup, 287 
tincture, 284 

acetated, 284 

ammoniated, 286 

camphorated, 285 

deodorized, 285 
vinegar, 283 
water, 287 
wine, 285 
Orange, 77 

flowers, 77 

syrup, 78 

water, 78 
peel, bitter, 77 

confection, 78 

infusion, 79 

compound, 79 

syrup, 78 

sweet, 77 
tincture, 78 
Orchitis. 306 
Orris, Florentine, 235 
Ovarian neuralgia, 85, 126 

tumors, 96 
Oxaluria, 22 
Ox bile, 169 

purified, 162 
and aloes, pills, 162 
Oxymel, 5, 260 

Parametritis, 232 
Parasilic diseases, 353 
Pareira brava. 289 

extract, fluid, 289 

infusion, 289 
Passive hemorrhages, 5, 14 
Paullinia, 202 
Pectoral elixir, 196 
Pepo, 2^9 



398 



INDEX. 



Peppermint, 263 

oil, 263 

spirit, 262 

syrup, 263 

troches, 263 

water, 262 
Pepsin, 290 

liquid, 290 

saccharated, 290 
Pepsinum, 290 
Pericarditis, 92 
Perimetritis, 232 
Pharyngitis, 371 
Phosphatic calculi, 8 

deposits, 20 
Phosphorated oil, 291 
Phosphorus, 290 

pill, 291 
Phtheiriasis, 211 

Phthisis, 19, 37, 125, 163, 175, 228, 355, 357 
Physostigma, 291 
Pills, Barker's post-partum, 213 

Blancard's, 176 

cathartic, compound, 136 

Hooper's, 182 

iron, compound, 181 

Miller's, 189 

White's gout, 213 
Pilocarpus, 292 
Pilula ferri carbonatis, 166 

catharticae compositse, 136 
Pimenta, 292 
Pimento, 292 

oil, 292 

water, 292 
Pinkroot, 358 
Piper, 292 
Pipsissewa, 120 

decoction, 120 

extract, fluid, 120 
Pitch plaster, 293 

with cantharides, 293 
Pityriasis capitis, 122 
Pix Burgundica, 293 

liquida, 294 
Plaster of pitch with cantharides, 293 
Pleurisy, 32, 50, 64, 75, 92, 190, 228, 282, 292, 
341, 376 

root, 75 

decoction, 76 
Plumbi acetas, 295 

carbonas, 298 

iodidum, 298 

nitras, 299 

oxidum, 299 
Plumbum, 295 
Plummer's pills, 66 
Pneumonia, 32, 50, 64, 75, 127, 190, 342, 

Podophyllin, 301 

pills, compound, 301 

Podophyllum. 300 

Poison hemlock, 138 

Poisoned wounds, 301 

Pomegranate rind, 198 
root bark, 198 

decoction, 199 

extract, alcoholic, 199 

and male fern, mixture, 199 

Porrigo. 257 

Post-nasal catarrh, 30, 71 

Potash, effervescing solution, 304 

Potassa, 301 



Potassa lotion, 302 

mixture, 302 
solution, 302 
with lime, 302 
Potassii acetas, 303 
arsenis, 303 
bicarbonas, 304 
bitartras, 304 
bromidum, 304 
carbonas, 306 
chloras, 306 
citras, 307 
et sodii tartras, 313 
iodidum, 308 
nitras, 310 
permanganas, 311 
sulphas, 312 
sulphuretum, 312 
tartras, 313 
Potassium, 301 

acetate, 303 

mixtures, 303 
and sodium tartrate, 313 
arsenite, solution, 303 
bicarbonate, 304 
bitartrate, 304 
bromide, 304 
gargle, 305 
mixtures, 305 
carbonate, 306 

pure, 306 
chlorate, 306 
gargles, 307 
mixture, 307 
troches, 307 
citrate, 307 

mixtures, 308 
solution, 308 
iodide, 308 

and soap, liniment, 309 
mixtures, 309 
ointment, 309 
nitrate, 310 
permanganate, 311 
gargle, 311 
solution, 311 
sulphate, 312 
sulphuret, 312 
lotions, 312 
ointment, 312 
tartrate, 313 
Powder, aromatic, 131 
Powders, effervescing, 350 

aperient, 313 
Priapism, 104 
Proof spirit, 37 
Prunus Virginiana, 314 
Prurigo, 21 
Pruritus ani, 27, 124 

of old people, 352 
vulva?, 352, 355 
Psoriasis, 73, 349 
Puerperal inflammation, 376 
Pulmonary hemorrhage, 369 
Pulsatilla,' 315 

tincture, 315 
Pulveres effervescentes, 350 

effervescentes aperientes, 313 
Pulvis aromaticus, 131 
Pumpkin seed, 289 
Purpura hemorrhagica, 15 
Purulent ophthalmia, 211 
Pyroxylon, 197 



INDEX. 



399 



Quassia, 315 

ex t met, 315 
infusion, 315 
tincture, 316 

Queen's delight, 359 
Quercus, 3 Hi 
Quillaia, 316 

tincture, 316 
Quinia, 317 

bisulphate, 317 

bisulphate, hypodermic injection, 317 

for inunction, 331 

hydrobromate. 317 

hydrochlorate, 31S 

sulphate, 318 

mixtures, 319 
pills, 319, 320 

tincture, 319 

aramoniated, 319 

valerianate, 321 

wine, 319 
Quinidia sulphate. 321 

Rachitis, 97, 356 
Rectal fistula and nicer, 9 
Rectified spirit, 36 
Red precipitate, 219 

sandal-wood, 331 
saunders, 331 
Refrigerant powder, 310 
Relaxation of the throat, 1 16 
Remittent fever, 161 
Renal colic, 123 
Resin, 321 

cerate, 321 

compound, 322 
plaster, 322 
Resina, 321 
Retention of urine, 92 
Rhamnus frangula, 322 

extract, fluid, 322 
mixture, 322 
Rhatany, 241 

extract, 241 

fluid, 241 
infusion, 241 
injection, 242 
mixture, 242 
suppositories, 242 
syrup, 242 
tincture, 242 
troches, 242 
Rheum, 322 

Rheumatism, 1, 25, 32, 53, 75, 92, 125, 127, 132, 
149, 161, 190, 247. 248, 276. 293, 303, 341, 350, 
375, 376 
Rhubarb, 322 

and senna, tincture, 325 

soda, mixture, 325 
extract, 323 

compound, 325 
fluid, 323 
infusion, 323 
pills, 323 

compound, 324 
powder, compound, 324 
syrup, 324 

aromatic, 324 
tincture, 324 

aqueous, 325 
wine, 325 
RocheUe salt, 313 
Rosa, 326 



Rosacea, 365 
Rose, 326 

confection, 326 

honey, 327 

infusion, compound, 32(i 

oil, 327 

pale, 326 

red, 326 

syrup, 327 

water, 32*6 

ointment, 327 
Rosin, 321 
Rottlera, 239 
Rubus, 327 

Sabina, 32S 
Saccharum, 329 

lactis, 339 
Saffron, 147 

tincture, 147 
Salicin, 330 
Salix, 330 
Salt, 354 

inhalation, 354 
Saltpetre, 310 
Sandal-wood, 332 

oil, 332 
Sanguinaria, 330 
Sanguinarine, 331 
Santalum, 331 

album, 332 
Santonica, 332 
Santonin, 332 

troches, 333 
Santoninum, 332 
Sapo, 333 

Sarcina ventriculi, 10 
Sarsaparilla, 335 

decoction, compound, 335 

extract, fluid, 336 
compound, 336 

syrup, compound, 336 
Sassafras, 337 

oil, 337 

pith, mucilage, 337 
Savin, 328 

cerate, 328 

extract, fluid, 328 

oil, 329 

tincture, 329 
Scabies, 211, 363, 365 
Scalds, 98, 280, 298 
Scalp, stimulant, 4 

shampoo, 49 
Scammonium, 337 
Scammony, 337 

confection, 338 

mixture, 338 

pill, compound, 338 

powder, compound, 338 

tincture, 338 

resin, 338 
Scarlet fever, 6, 10, 17, 52, 53, 99, 303, 307, 348 
Scilla, 339 

Scirrhus of the stomach, 89 
Scrofula, 97, 163, 175, 335, 356, 359 
Sea- sickness, 109 
Seat-worms, 39 
Seborrhoea, 380 
Seidlitz powders, 313 
Senega, 341 
Senega snakeroot, 341 
Seneka, 341 



400 



INDEX. 



Seneka decoction, 341 
extract, 341 

fluid, 342 
mixture, 342 
syrup, 342 
tincture, 342 
Senna, 342 

confection, 343 
extract, 344 

fluid, 343 
infusion, 343 

compound, 343 
mixture, 345 

compound, 344 
syrup, 344 
tincture, 344 
Septicaemia, 168 
Serpentaria, 345 

extract, fluid, 345 
infusion, 345 
tincture, 346 
Sevum, 346 

Sick-headache, 109, 202, 236. 270 
Silver, 68 

collyrium, fused, etc. 
cyanide, 68 
fused nitrate, 69 
iodide, 69 
nitrate, 69 

collyrium, 70 
injection, 70 
lotion, 70 
mixture, 70 
pills, 70 
powder, 71 
oxide, 71 
pills, 71 
Simple elixir, 155 

syrup, 329 
Sinapis, 346 
Sleeplessness, 37, 305 
Slippery-elm bark, 372 
mucilage, 372 
Sloughing phagedena, 348 
Sneezing, 48 
Soap, 333 

cerate, 333 

plaster, 334 
curd, 334 
green, 334 
liniment, 333 

ammoniated, 334 
lotions, 335 
medicinal, 334 
pills, compound, 334 
plaster, 333 
soft, 334 
spirit, 335 
Soap-bark, 316 
Soda, 347 

caustic, 347 

chlorinated, gargle, 348 
lotion, 348 
solution, 348 
solution, 347 

effervescent citro-tartrate, 351 
effervescing solution, 351 
Sodii acetas, 348 

arsenias, 349 
benzoas, 349 
bicarbonas, 350 
boras, 352 
boro-benzoas, 353 



Sodii bromidum, 353 
carbonas, 354 
chloridum, 354 
hypophosphis, 355 
hyposulpnis, 355 
iodiduni, 355 
phosphas, 356 
salicylas, 356 
santonas, 356 
sulphis, 357 
sulphocarbolas, 357 
Sodium, 347 

acetate, 348 
arseniate, 349 

pills, 349 

solution, 349 
benzoate, 349 

inhalation, 350 
bicarbonate, 350 

lotion, 351 

mixtures, 351 

powders, 351 

troches, 350 
borate, 352 

glycerite, 352 

honey, 352 
boro-benzcate, 353 

lotion, 353 
bromide, 353 
carbonate, 354 

dried, 354 

lotion, 354 
chloride, 354 
hypophosphite, 355 

naixture, 355 
hyposulphite, 355 

lotion, 355 
iodide, 355 

solution, 356 
phosphate, 356 
salicylate. 356 
santonate, 356 

elixir, 357 
sulphite, 357 

mixture, 357 
sulphocarbolate, 357 

gargle, 358 

mixture, 358 
Solution of iodide of arsenic and mercury, 
Sore nipples, 231, 352 

throat, 3, 17, 54, 240, 316 
Spanish flies, 106 
Spasmodic asthma, 300, 310, 31 

croup, 138, 225 
Spearmint, 263 

infusion, compound, 264 
oil, 263 
spirit, 264 
syrup. 264 
water, 263 
Spermaceti, 118 

cerate, 118 
mixture, 119 
ointment. 118 
saccharated, 118 
Spermatorrhoea, 106, 151 
Spigelia, 358 

and senna, extract, fluid, 358 
extract, fluid, 358 
infusion, 359 
Spirit of Mindererus, 19 
of turpentine, 279 
rectified, 36 






73 



INDEX. 



401 



Spiritus a?theris, 34 

aetheris compositns, 34 

a?theris nitrosi, 35 
Spongy gums, 116, 273 
Sprains, 1, 3, 53, 295 
Squibb' s cholera mixture, 28S 
Squill, 339 

extract, fluid, 339 

mixtures, 340 

oxymel, 340 

pills, 341 

compound, 339 

syrup, 340 

compound, 340 

tincture, 340 

vinegar, 339 
Star anise, 227 

water, 227 

spirit. 228 
Starch, 60 

glycerin, 60 

iodide, 61 

mucilage, 60 
Stavesacre, 149 

tincture, 149 
Stillingia, 359 

extract, fluid, 359 

syrup, compound, 359 
Stomach diseases, 290 
Stramonii folia, 360 

semen. 360 
Stramonium, 360 

leaves. 360 

extract, 360 

mixture, 361 

ointment, 361 

pills, 361 

seed, 360 

extract, 360 

tincture, 361 
Strangulated hernia, 366 
Stranguiy, 102 
Strumous adenitis, 230 
Strychnia, 361 

hypodermic injection, 362 
Strychnia, mixtures, 362 

poisoning, 291 

solution, 363 

sulphate, 363 
Strychnine. 361 

Subinvolution of the uterus, 158 
Suet. 346 
Sugar. 329 

of milk, 329 
Sulphur, 363 

and nutmeg, confection, 364 

confection, 364 

iodide, 365 

ointment, 366 

lotions, 364 

ointment, 364, 365 

powder, 365 

precipitated, 364 

sublimed. 363 

washed, 363 
Sulphuris iodidum, 365 
Sweating of phthisis, 15 
Sweet flag, 94 

spirit of nitre, 35 
Syphilis. 8, 79, 200, 206, 212, 215, 216, 217, 218, 
219, 230, 231, 232, 264, 309, 310, 335, 356, 359, 



Syrup, 329 

of lacto-phosphate of lime, 97 
Syrupus, 329 

fuscus, 329 

Tabacum, 366 

Tannin. 27 

Tape-worm, 91, 1S4, 1S5, 198, 199, 239, 289 

Tar, 294 

glycerite, 294 

infusion, 294 

inhalation, 295 

lotion, 295 

oil, 294 

ointment, 294 

water, 294 
Taraxacum, 367 
Tartar emetic, 63 

mixtures, 64 

and opium, pill, 65 

ipecacuanha, powder, 65 
Terebinthina. 369 

Canadensis, 369 
Tetanus, 105, 121, 138, 190, 291, 305, 366 
Thoroughwort, 161 

infusion, 161 

tincture, 161 
Throat affections, 3, 11, 54, 85, 109, 241 
Thrush, 252 
Thuja, 369 

elixir, 370 

extract, fluid, 370 

glycerite, 370 

tincture, 370 
Thymol, 370 

inhalation, 371 

lotion, 371 

ointment. 371 
Tinea versicolor, 211 
Tobacco, 366 

infusion, 366 

oil, 366 

ointment, 367 

wine, 367 
Tolu, balsam, 80 

syrup, 81 

tincture, 81 
Tonsillitis, 32, 215 
Toothache, 113, 145, 258 
Tragacanth, 371 

muciiage, 371 

powder, compound, 372 
Tragacantha, 371 
Treacle, 329 
Triplex pills, 208 
Tuberculosis, 175 
Tully's powder, 269 
Turpentine, 369 

Canada, 369 

and acetic acid, liniment, 280 
ether, mixture, 281 

confection, 280 

emulsions, 280 

enema, 280 

liniment, 280 

oil, 279 

ointment, 280 

spirit, 279 
Turpeth mineral, 219 
Typhoid fever, 17, 52, 70, 81, 99, 102, 271, 21 

pneumonia, 52 
Typhus fever, 17, 52, 99, 102 



^ 



402 



INDEX. 



Ulceus, 22, 100, 221, £31. 232, 290, 299, 330, 

346, 348 
Ulcerous disease of the mouth, 311 
Ulmus. 372 

Ununited fractures, 97 
Urethritis, 92 
Urinary diseases, 293 
Urticaria, 351, 354 
Uterine neuralgia, 126 
Uva ursi, 372 

decoction, 372 

extract, fluid, 373 

Valerian, 373 

and iron, pills, 375 

extract, 373 
fluid, 374 

infusion, 374 

mixtures, 374 

tincture, 374 

ammoniated, 374 
ethereal, 374 
Valeriana, 373 
Vallefs mass, 166 
Vegetable parasites, 27, 355 
Venereal warts, 13, 142, 369 
Veratria, 375 

ointment, 375 
Veratrum viride, 375 
Verdigris, 142 

plaster, 142 
Vermilion, 220 
Vesical irritation, 141 
Vienna paste, 302 
Vinegar, 4 

and cantharides, lotion, 4 

aromatic, 4 

camphorated, 4 

lotion, 4 

syrup, 4 
Vomiting, 10, 13, 19, 99, 145, 235, 262, 276, 305 

of pregnancy, 89, 117, 118 

Wahoo, 160 

Warts, 13, 142 

Wasting diseases, 91, 256, 276 

Water, 67 

cherry-laurel, 68 

chlorine, 68 

distilled, 67 
Water-brash, 77 
Wax, 117 

white, 117 

yellow. 117 
White cedar, 369 

oak, decoction. 316 

precipitate, 209 
White's gout pills, 213 
Whooping-cough, 19, 20, 44, 45, 51, 74, 75, 85, 

119, 122, 305, 360, 373, 380 
Wild cherry, 314 

extract, fluid, 314 

infusion, 314 

syrup, 314 
Willow, 330 
Wiutergreen, 189 
Witch-hazel, 204 



Witch-hazel decoction, 204 

extract, fluid, 204 

injection, 204 

tincture, 204 
Wormseed, 119 

decoction, 120 

oil, 120 
Wormwood, 1 

extract, 1 

oil, 1 

oil. infused, 1 

tincture, 2 

tincture, compound, 2 

wine, 2 

water, distilled, 2 

Yarrow, 5 

extract, 5 

infusion, 5 
Yellow jessamine, 190 

mercurial lotion, 211 

wash, 211 

Zinc, 376 

aectate, 376 

injections, 376 

ointment, 377 
bromide, 377 
carbonate, precipitated, 377 

cerate, 378 

lotion, 378 

powder, 378 
chloride, 378 

caustic, 379 

inhalation, 379 

injection, 379 

solution, 378 
iodide, 379 
oxide, 379 

lotion, 380 

omtment, 379, 380 

pills, 380 

powders, 380 
phosphide, 381 

and nux vomica, pills, 381 
eulphate, 381 

collyrium, 381 

inhalation, 381 

injection, 382 

paint, 382 

pills, 382 
sulphocarbolate, 382 

inhalation, 382 
valerianate, 383 

pills, 383 
Zinci acetas, 376 

bromidum, 377 
carbonas praecipitata, 377 
chloridum, 378 
iodidum, 379 
oxidum, 379 
phosphidum, 381 
culphae, 381 
sulphocarbolas, 382 
Valerianae, 383 
Zincum, 376 
Zingiber, 383 



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